Ubuzima
Muri 2016, umwamikazi wa Elizabeth Elizabeth wa II yerekanye isabukuru yimyaka 90 kandi ntabwo aba umwami mukuru w'imyaka yashaje, ahubwo akaba atari umuyobozi w'igihugu kirekire mu mateka y'igihugu cya kavukire. Bikomoka ku ngoma ya Windssor kandi, usibye ikirwa kavukire, kizwi nk'umwamikazi no muri Ositaraliya, Kanada, Kanada, muri Kanada - Gineya nshya, Jamayike n'ibindi bihugu bito.Mu gihe cy'inama ya Elizabeti, Alexandra Mariya yaje gusenyuka kwa nyuma ku Bwami bw'Ubwongereza hamwe n'ibisohoka by'akakoloni kuva mu mbaraga z'icyongereza. Hamwe no kunegura cyane, Elizabeth wa II mu gihugu kavukire birazwi cyane, nubwo imyaka yubahwa.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ku ya 21 Mata 1926, mu muryango wa Prince Albert, Umwami uzaza George VI, maze Elizabeti Bowy Lyon yavutse afite umukobwa. Umukobwa yabonye umukobwa mucyubahiro cya nyina, ariko izina ryuzuye ryumwamikazi ryongeye gucyatuwe kumazina ya nyirakuru na barumuna be. N'Ikimenyetso cy'Umwamikazi wa Zodiac - Taurus. Elizabeth wa II yari afite murumunawe - Umuganwakazi Margaret (yapfuye mu mwaka wa 72 w'ubuzima).
Umutwe wa mbere uri muri biografiya wa Elizabeth wa II wahise ukimara kuvuka: umukobwa yahinduwe na Princess York. Muri icyo gihe, se na nyirarume kavukire Eduard viii bari bahagaze mu nzira ku ntebe y'intebe imbere ye, nk'umuhungu wese wavutse ari we wese uvuka ku ntebe y'ubwami. Mu ikubitiro, umwami yandiriye na nyirarume, utarenze umwaka nyuma yatakaje uyu mutwe umuvandimwe.
Elizabeth II hamwe n'ababyeyi be batuye mu gihome cyiza - ibwami buckingham, aho umwana n'urubyiruko rwanyuze. Mu rubyiruko rwa Yelizabeth II rwize mu rugo, ariko rwakiriye uburezi buhebuje bw'abahonateri. Yize ubuhanzi ku rwego rwo hejuru, idini, iburyo. Guverinoma y'Ikirenge cy'Ubwongereza yari ifite mu Bufaransa mu bwisanzure mu Bufaransa (bizera ko yamwiyegereza).
Bwa mbere Elizabeth wa yajuririye ejo hazaza hatanzwe afite imyaka 13. Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, yavuze kuri radiyo maze agaragaza ko ashyigikiye abana bakomerekeye mu gisasu. Afite imyaka 16, umukobwa yari amaze kugaragara yigenga mu ruhame, nyuma y'umwaka, aba umujyanama wa Leta maze yinjira mu bagore bashinzwe kwirwanaho. Umuganwakazi yize gutwara ambulance, yakiriye imyiteguro ya Mechanic kandi akorera kugeza izina rya Liyetona. Niwe mukuru wa Leta yonyine watsinze serivisi nyayo muri iyo ntambara.
Inteko Nyobozi
Ku munsi wa Elizabeti wa Fiyudabe, wasezeranije ku mugaragaro Ingoma y'Ubwongereza kugaragariza ubuzima umurimo ku bantu, nubwo icyo gihe umurage w'ikamba rye wari ukiri ikibazo. Nyuma y'urupfu rwa se wa George VI, ku ya 6 Gashyantare 1952, umukobwa w'uwahoze ari umutegetsi yatangaje umwamikazi. Ifite amatsiko yo kwimika ye ku nshuro ya mbere mu mateka yagewe kuri tereviziyo, kandi benshi bizeye ko iki gikorwa cyahaye imbaraga zikarishye gukundwa kw'ibi bitangazamakuru mu Bwongereza.Mugihe cyo kuzamuka k'umwamikazi Elizabeti ku ntebe y'ubwibiko bwa guverinoma yari yagutse cyane kuruta uyu munsi. Ubwo bwami burimo Afurika y'Epfo, Pakisitani na Ceylon, nyuma wahagaritse imbaraga z'Ubwongereza. Igishimishije, Elizabeth wa II yahise atera uruzinduko kuri buri gihugu, kuba umwami wa mbere wasuye Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande.
Mu myaka yambere yingoma, icyubahiro cyayo cya cyami, gishishikajwe cyane numuco, siyanse nubuhanzi, byafashe abari aho byamamare byisi. Umwe mu bantu bo muri icyo gihe yari Diva ya Hollywood, Marilyn Marilyn Monroe. Amafoto yerekana ibihe by'inama ikomeye, yabaye mu 1956. Muri kiriya gihe, abadamu bombi bari bafite imyaka 30.
Ku ya 20 Mutarama 1961, John Kennedy yazamutse kuri perezidansi. Nyuma y'amezi ane, umugabo ufite umugore we Jacqueline Kennedy yahuye n'umwamikazi. Abashakanye batumiwe gusangira. Umunyapolitiki wo muri Amerika yaje gusura Elizabeth wa II: umuntu yahaye amafoto ya Monarch. Abahanga mu by'amateka bakeka ko perezida mushya wa Amerika yagerageje kwerekana icyo kimenyetso nk'iki. Elizabeth yaratangaye, ariko impano iratera.
Jacqueline yemeye ko ahangayikishijwe cyane n'inama n'umwamikazi, ariko ibyo byakiriye neza uwo mwashakanye kandi ko yakiriye neza, yerekanaga umudamu wa mbere ikusanya imirimo y'ubuhanzi. Nyuma y'amezi icyenda, Jacqueline Kennedy yasuye umwamikazi, wenyine. Kandi akomeza kwishimira gusurwa. Nyuma y'amezi atandatu, umugore yateganyaga kwakira Elizabeth wa II, ariko igihe byavuzwe ko umwamikazi atwite, inama yimuwe.
Ku ya 12 Mata 1961, umuderevu wa Soviet-cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin yakoze indege ya mbere mu kirere. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umusore yahindutse icyamamare ku isi. Yuri Alekseevich yatumiye guverinoma n'imiryango myinshi, harimo n'Ubwongereza. Hamwe na Gagarin yifuzaga kuvugana n'umwamikazi ubwe, ahamagara umugabo wa mugitondo. Bitandukanye na Porotokole, Elizabeth wa II yashyize hafi ye abaza ibibazo. Abari bavuze ko ibintu biri muri salle byaruhutse.
Mu gaco, Umwamikazi Elizabeth II mubyukuri ntabwo yagize ingaruka kubuyobozi bwigihugu. Igikorwa cyumuntu wigenga cyari gigizwe no guhagararirwa igihugu muri supermits mpuzamahanga no kubungabunga ubutware bwamami y'Ubwongereza. Elizabeth wa II mubihe byose byo kuguma ku ntebe yagumishijwe umubano mwiza na minisitiri w'intebe.
Kandi nubwo yari ku ngabo za politiki kandi ntiyagaragaje igitekerezo cye cya politiki, abantu babonaga ko ari ngombwa kumugisha inama ku bibazo byinshi. Yashimye igitekerezo cy'umwamikazi Margaret Thatcher, ibyo yanditse mu bitekerezo bye.
Ku kinama kirekire cy'Ubwongereza, ishimwe, kandi kunegura gutyaza, no kunegura gukabije byumviswe Elizabeti. Ariko abashyigikiye, n'abamikazi Umwamikazi bashimangiye ubumuntu bwe. Ukuri kwerekana nibyabaye mu 1986. Elizabeth wa II yarereye kuri Yacht "Ubwongereza" muri kimwe mu bihugu biyobowe, igihe yamenyaga ku ntangiriro y'intambara y'abenegihugu muri Yemeni. Yahise ategeka guhindura amasomo no gufata umubare ntarengwa ushoboka wabaturage basanzwe. Murakoze ubufasha butaziguye ku mwamikazi w'Ubwongereza, abantu barenga igihumbi barimuwe.
Muri 2015, ingoro ya Buckingham yasuye "umunyapolitiki w'imibonano mpuzabitsina ya Kanada" Justin Trudeau. Umwamikazi yavuze ko inama na minisitiri w'intebe ari ikibazo kidasanzwe, kuko babonyena mu myaka 40 ishize: Justin mu kwakira Padiri igihe umuhungu yari afite imyaka 3. Muri iyo nama, Umwamikazi yagize ati: "Nibyiza kongera kukubona, ariko mu bindi bihe." Ni uwuhe munyapolitiki wo muri politike: "Ubwa nyuma twahuye, wari mwinshi cyane." Mu gihe cy'inama, imikurire y'umwamikazi yari cm 152, uburemere ni 55 kg.
Muri Mutarama 2017, abayoboke bahangayikishijwe n'ubuzima bwa guverinoma. Elizabeth wa II barwaye cyane: umudamu yakubise ubukonje. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Umwamikazi yabuze seheri numwaka mushya.
Muri Kamena, umwami yakozwe mu nteko ishinga amategeko n'intebe y'intebe. Umwamikazi yerekanye gahunda ya leta mu myaka ibiri iri imbere. Muri Nzeri, Elizabeth wa II yavuze ko ateganya gutegereza Uburusiya gutegeka undi muntu, kandi atari "Bwana Putin". Nk'uko ku mwami w'Ubwongereza, Vladimir Vladimirovich yatakaje ukuri n'ukuri kandi nta kintu na kimwe cyo kuvugana nawe. Umugore yari azi ko ibihe bizaza igihe Abarusiya batangiye kureba Abongereza ku Bwongereza.
Muri Nzeri, abanyamakuru bamenye ko ingoro ya Buckingham yanze Urukiko rukuru n'umunyamabanga bwite wa Elizabeth wa II. Igihe havugwa ibihe byatangajwe, icyemezo cyo kwicara Sir Christopher Gaidy yemeye nyuma yo gusaba umuhungu we w'igikonwa Charles.
Ukuboza, Umwamikazi yagize uruhare mu guhiga mu rugo rwa SandNaham. Inkomoko yatangaje ko igihe imbwa yazanwaga ku maguru ya nyagasani wibintu byakomeretse, arangije inyoni igana ku nkoni.
Muri Gashyantare, guverinoma yakodeshaga umugambi hagati ya Kiev. Itangazamakuru ryababaje gukeka, impamvu Elizabeth wa II akeneye isi muri Ukraine. Byaragaragaye ko ambasade ya Kanada na Ositaraliya baherereye kuri uru rubuga, zikubiye muri Commonwealth no kumenya imbaraga z'ikamba ry'Ubwongereza.
Ku ya 18 Kamena, Nyiricyubahiro yari ahari mu muhango gakondo wo kwerekana gahunda yo hejuru ya Knight y'Ubwongereza. Ku ya 19 Kamena, ibirori byingenzi byatangiye - gusimbuka kwa cyami muri ascota. Nyiricyubahiro yasuye iki gikorwa. Ku ya 13 Nyakanga 2018, Umwamikazi yagize inama nyinshi, cyane cyane na Perezida wa Amerika Donald Trump. Uruzinduko rwakazi rwabanyamerika rwanyuze mukibuga cya Windsor.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwumuntu Elizabeth wa II yarahindutse ako kanya nyuma yimyaka myinshi. Umuganwakazi yashakanye n'umuyobozi w'amato y'Abongereza rw'Igikomangoma Filipo MolarEbeten, nyuma y'ubukwe bwahawe izina rya Duke Edinburgh. Uwo bashakanye yakomotse ku mwamikazi Victoria no ku rubyaro rw'imigenzo y'Abagereki na Danemarke.
Bahuye igihe Umwamikazikazi Elizabeth wa II afite imyaka 8, kandi umubano wurukundo hagati yabakunzi watangiye mu 1939, igihe umwamikazi yasuraga muri kaminuza yimari, aho umusore Philippe yize.
Nyiricyubahiro n'umugabo we babyaranye abana bane: Umuganwa Charles, Andereya na Edward n'umwamikazi Anna. Igisekuru cyigiserumo cyakomeje kwiyongera: Abana, babonye imiryango yabo kandi batanga umwamikazi wo gutegeka abuzukuru n'abuzukuruza.
Hobbies ukunda Umwamikazi Elizabeth II - Korera imbwa zororoka no kugendera kumafarasi. Afite imyaka, yasimbuye amafarashi n'imodoka. By the way, uruhushya rwo gutwara umwamikazi ntabwo. No mu myaka ya Elizabeth wa II yashimishwa no guhinga. Yafatwaga nk'umwe mu batware b'isi cyane ibihugu kandi bimaze gusura ibihugu birenga 130 by'isi.
Imiterere yumuyobozi wumuntu ukunda kwitabwaho kandi ishishikaza abantu barema kugirango bareme ibikorwa byubuhanzi. Hariho inzibutso nyinshi mubuzima nubuziranenge bwa Guverinoma, hamwe na parade. Mu rwego rwo kubahiriza umwamikazi, ibiraro n'inyubako ninyubako, parike n'inkumi bitera ibirango n'ibiceri, izina ry'Umwami rirahitwa ubwoko butandukanye bwa roza na strawberry.
Akenshi Elizabeth wa II yabaye inyuguti ya firime na selial. Kuri ecran ya mwamikazi, Helen Mirren, Sarah Gadon, Claire foy n'abakinnyi icumi bakize. Kandi umwamikazi wa Elizabeti ashize na we yiyandikishije mu matara yo gufungura imikino Olempike ya 2012 Londres.
Hamwe numukinnyi Daniel Craig, werekanye James Bond, yagurutse kuri stade olempike kuri kajugujugu maze asimbukira na parasute. Uru ruhare, umwamikazi w'imyaka 87 w'Ubwongereza yahawe amashusho ya Bafta nk'Umuhanuzi mwiza wa James. Imbwa ukunda zo muri Nyiricyubahiro zakinnye muri videwo.
Abantu b'ibwami barabujijwe kubika konti ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Ariko, umwami wumuryango afite umuntu ukurikirana imyirondoro yabo muri "Instagram" na "Twitter", ishyiraho amafoto na inyandiko babiherewe uruhushya rwimbaraga zisumbuye.
Birazwi ko itsinda ryose rikora kuri wardrobe. Impuguke zivuga ko amabara ya Elizabeth akunda ari gamma yubururu-ubururu. Ni mu mwenda igicucu nk'iki cy'Umwamikazi akenshi cyagaragaye kumugaragaro. Ahari ibi biterwa nuko ibara ryijisho Elizabeth ni iya kabiri - ubururu. Abashushanya bahoraga babona ubwiza n'ubunini uburyohe bw'umwami.
Nubwo imyaka, Elizabeth wa II iteganijwe gukora nta maquillage kandi ubusanzwe ikoreshwa gusa na lipsticks. Irangi. Umwamikazi afite icyegeranyo cy'ingofero. Muri Elizabeli ya Arsenal barenga 5000 muri ayo mashingo. Byongeye kandi, umwami yagaragaye muri buri wese muri bo. Muri 2016, isabukuru yimyaka 90 y'umwamikazi yasohotse film itanga. Umuyobozi John Bridet yatumye bishoboka kureba kuri videwo bwite yumuryango wibwami.
Scandals
Urukozasoni rukomeye rujyanye nigikomangoma Charles rwabaye muri 90. Nkuko mubizi, umuragwa ku ntebe y'ubwami yashakanye n'umudamu Diana Spencer wakundana n'umuryango wa cyami no mu ruhame, ariko ubuzima bwe bwose umuhungu w'umwamikazi yakundaga Camilla akundwaga. Ariko, abami barwanyaga ubukwe bwa samuragwa mumukobwa washatse, nuko na we abonye Cavalier.Ariko inama hamwe nigikomangoma ntiyigeze ihagarara. Diana yari azi ku butunzi bw'umugabo we. Nyina wa William na Harry bagerageje kurokora ishyingiranwa, ariko ntibasohotse. Mu 1992, abari bateraniye aho bashyikirijwe bandika ibiganiro bya terefone Charles na kamillas. Duhereye ku magambo abakundana na bo baravugana, leta ya cyami "amatwi yambaye ubunebwe".
Diana yahise arakara. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ishyingiranwa ryahindutse intambara irangiye. Nyuma y'urupfu rubabaje, Umuganwakazi Diana yagaragaye ananiwe abaza igikomangoma cya Charles. Byari bihujwe n'uko Lady Di Di yapfuye, kandi ntabwo byagize uruhare rwa Elizabeti wa II. Bavuze kandi ko igikomangoma, umugore w'umwamikazi, yahinduye umugore inshuro nyinshi. Umwamikazi ntacyo yavuze kuri ayo magambo.
Mu mwaka wa 2012, habaye amahano ajyanye n'izina rya Prince William na Kate Midddton. Ababyeyi b'amakuru ba George, Charlotte na Louis baruhukiye kuri villa yigenga mu Bufaransa. Abashakanye batekereje ko bari bonyine ku mucanga, bagenda batuje mu koga, muri rusange nta myenda. Muri ako kanya, umugabo we n'umugore we bafashe lens of Paparazni.
Igihe kimwe hagati yamateka yisi "yaramuritse" mushiki w'umwamikazi - Margaret. Mu busore bwe, umukobwa ntiyari yemerewe kurongora urukundo, atangira gusura ibigo bitangaje. Barangije ko mwene wabo wa hafi wa guverinoma wabaswe na kokayine.
Icyo gihe rwahujwe no gushyingirwa hamwe numuntu udakunda, kuva mugihe hasigaye imyaka 18. Mu bashakanye kandi nyuma yuko umwamikazi atateje ibinezeza. Itangazamakuru ryanditse ko Elizabeth wa II yashoboraga gufasha mushiki we no kwemeza fagitire, byakwemerera kurenga umukunzi we. Ariko ibi ntibyabaye.
Umwamikazi amaze "gushyingurwa". Byabaye kuzima k'umuyoboro wa BBC. Hanyuma Danny Kelly yatangaje ko urupfu rw'umwami. Nyuma, ubuyobozi bwa tereviziyo na Radiyo byagombaga kuzana imbabazi z'umwami ku mwami w'umuryango w'umuryango. Muri 2016, hari ibihuha byari bishimishije kureka intebe ishyigikira igikomangoma wa William na Kate Middganiton, ushira igikomangoma Charles. Ariko ibihuha byakomeje ibihuha.
Mu Gushyingo 2017, byamenyekanye ko umuvandimwe wa Prince William, Harry, wasezeranye ku mugaragaro ku murongo wa Megan. Ubukwe bw'abakundana bwashyizweho 19 Gicurasi 2018. Ariko, Umwamikazi Elizabeth wa II ntabwo yatanze uburenganzira ku bumwe. Kandi icyumweru kimwe gusa mbere yubukwe, ingoro ya Buckingham yashyize ahagaragara imyanzuro y'umwamikazi w'Ubwongereza. Abaturage bari bizeye ko Elizabeti atazakwemera ko harry ahamwe n'uwahoze ari umukinnyi wa filime, wari warashize.
Ku ya 19 Gicurasi 2018, isi yose yarebye ibirori bya cyami. Abashyitsi 600 batumiwe mubukwe, harimo na Dawidi na Victoria Beckham, Oprah Winfri, George Clooney hamwe numugore we nabandi. Mubukwe, Umwamikazi ntiyerekanye amarangamutima ashimishije kandi ntabwo yigeze amwenyura. Nyuma yimihango, Megan yahawe izina rya Duchess Sassekaya.
Mu kwezi kumwe, mubyara Ivar Morebetentntenn yatangaje ko agiye kurongora umukunzi James koyo. Imyaka ibiri ishize, umugabo yateguye umusaraba nyawo mu muryango mugihe yatangaje icyerekezo gidasubirwaho. Kugeza mu 2011, Ivar yashakanye n'umugore witwa Penelope Thompson.
Muri ubu bukwe, abana batatu bavukiye muri bombi. Uwahoze ari uwo bashakanye ya IVARA yari azi imyifatire y'umugabo we kandi amushyigikira. Byari penny wayoboye IVARA kugeza ku gicaniro. Umugore yahise abona ururimi rumwe na morebettet yakunzwe. Ibirori bidafite ishingiro byatangajwe cyane mubinyamakuru.
Mu ntangiriro za 2020, ibisimba bishya bifitanye isano n'umuganwa Harry n'umugore we babaye mu muryango wa cyami. Yavuze ko yanze gutegeka uburenganzira. Icyemezo nk'iki cyatewe n'impamvu nyinshi. Mbere ya byose, umuragwa ku ntebe yumvise ibyo, kuba uwa gatandatu unyuze ku ntebe y'ubwami, ifite amahirwe make. Byongeye kandi, mu bazuka ry'umwizungura, yahatiwe gusohoza inshingano za we - kwitabira kwamaganwa bikomeye, kuvugana n'abanyamakuru.
Kumva ubwayo bugwage, harry harry yahisemo gutakaza umutwe wa cyami (mugihe ukomeza intara), kimwe no kwigenga ingengo yimari yumuryango. Amakuru ajyanye na yo yatangaje kuri Elizabeti na bene wabo. By'umwihariko, Umwamikazi ntabwo ari ukuri ku ntebe y'ubwami, ahubwo ni ibyo yamenye kuri iyi postfactum.
Nk'ukurikiza amategeko akurikira ubwo bushobozi, Duke Susesky yiyemeje kwishyura miliyoni 2.4 z'amafaranga 2.4 yo gusana akazu kari hafi y'inzu yegereye. Byongeye kandi, ku banyamakuru byamenyekanye ko Nyiricyubahiro yajyanye imitako ya cyami i Megan, amushyikiriza mbere, ndetse n'urunigi, rwerekanye uwo mugore washakanye ku munsi wo gushyingirwa.
Elizabeth II ubu
Muri 2020, Umwamikazi yakomeje kuzuza inshingano zurwego rwayo. Muri Mutarama, yasinyanye n'amategeko ya Brexine, akurikije ayongereza yavuye mu rutonde rw'ibihugu by'Umuryango w'ubu Burayi. Mu mezi ya mbere y'umwaka, Ubwongereza yaguye mu bihugu byagaragaje imibare yo kwandika kurwara no gupfa kuva Covidi - 19.
Muri Gashyantare, igikomangoma Charles yagize icyo akora ku mutima, yasubiye mu rugo muri Werurwe. Ku ya 9 Mata, inkuru yemewe y'umuryango wa cyami mu amakuru ya Bibiliya Yasabwe: Duke Edinburgh yapfuye.