Ubuzima
Birashoboka, iyi ni imwe mubantu batavugwaho rumwe kandi batuje b'amateka y'Uburusiya. Umuhungu wa Vladimir Monomakh, yari yifuzaga cyane kongera imbaraga no gutunga imigi mishya n'imidugudu mishya n'imidugudu.
Umuhanga mu by'amateka uzwi cyane w'Uburusiya Vasily Tatishchev, asobanura ubuzima bw'umunyapolitiki, yavuze ko igikomangoma cyari "ibiryo bikomeye, ibiryo byiza n'ibinyobwa." Kandi yitaweho kuruta byose "kubyerekeye kwishima, aho kuba mu micungire n'ingabo." We ubwe yakoze inshingano nke, zishyira imbere "abana n'ibikomangoma by'umwe bafatanije".
Hamwe na Tatishchev, undi munyamateka ashimangiye na AdamuSTANDA - Mikhail SHCHERBATOV. Yizeraga ko Contempash's Dolgopurks "yajyanye Yuri ku mico yihariye. Umuganwa, "Kimwe n'Umwami wa Aritayiri, yerekanye" umururumba wo gushaka ".
Tatishchev imwe yaje gufata umwanzuro ko itariki yavutse igikomangoma igomba gufatwa nkimyaka 1090. Niba aribyo, nyina yabaye Wessec, uwo bashakanye ba mbere wa Vladimir monomakh. Ku nkomoko, yari umwamikazi wicyongereza, umukobwa wumukobwa wanyuma yategekaga umwami wa Anglo-Sax Harold II.
Ariko, Gürghev Mati (Mama wa Yuri), bivugwa mu "kwigisha" kwa Vladimir Monomakh, yapfuye mu myaka ya 1107, Gata yapfiriye mu mpeshyi ya 1098. Kubwibyo, ukurikije abashakashatsi bamwe, nyina wa Siblos ashobora kuba umugore wa kabiri wa monomakh - Efimia.
Ibi bivuze ko yuri dolgoruky yagaragaye mugihe kiri hagati ya 1095 na 1097. Ariko nta gitekerezo kimwe gihari, bityo rero bizera ko igikomangoma cyavutse mu 1090.
Inteko Nyobozi
Undi muhungu Yuri, hamwe na murumuna we kavukire, MStislav yoherejwe kuri Rostov.
Kuva mu 1117, Inama yigenga ya Dolgoruky yatangiye. Ariko mu ntangiriro ya 1130, ntabwo yari umuntu wagenzuwe mu majyepfo, yegereye umuyobozi uzwi cyane wa Kiev. IBIKORWA BY'INGENZI muri politiki y'amahanga na Domesi mu ngo ya Yuri Dolgoruky yabaye byinshi byatsinze igikomangoma cyafashe.
MU 1132, Yuri yafashe ikirusiya Pereyaslavl. Ariko ntiyashoboraga kugikosora igihe kirekire - gusa icyumweru cyageramo. Muri ubwo buryo bumwe, gufatwa kwa Pereyaslavl byambitswe ikamba mu 1135.
Yuri Dolgoruki yahoraga yitabara mu kubora mu buryo bworoshye. Yari afite inyungu zidasanzwe Kiev nini, aho icyo gihe ni mwishywa we Imeyaslav MStislavovich yategekwaga. Mbere, umujyi wategekwaga na se ya Yuri, Vladimir Monomakh, bityo igikomangoma kirarikira rero Isiramije Istovo, Imagem Ifotovo yashakaga gufata intebe nkuru y'igikomango mukuru. Mu kugerageza kwibwira Kiev batatu byagaragaye ko ari ingirakamaro. Kievans ntabwo yakundaga umururumba kandi umunyacyubahiro.
Ubwa mbere gufata umujyi wifuza kwa Dolgoruchicuchi wacunzwe mu 1149. Yuri yamennye ingabo za IASLAV MStislavich ya kabiri ya Diev kandi ifata Kiev. Byongeye kandi, ku buyobozi bwe byagaragaye ko ari intebe ya torovsky na Pereyaslav. Umuvandimwe mukuru Vyachelav Voevoda yatanze vergorod.
Uburyo gakondo bwa prograstrotion, bushingiye ku ihame ry'ubukuru, ryarahungabanijwe, ku buryo urugamba rw'intebe ya Kiev rwakomeje. Izyslav yemeye hamwe nabafatanyabikorwa bo muri Polonye na Hongiriya no muri 1150-51 yagarutse Kiev. VYYLAV yakoze co-co-coster.
Voivode yakoze kugerageza gushya guca intege umujyi. Ariko urugamba rwarangiye gutsindwa kurakara kumugezi wa Ruta.
Igitero cya kabiri cyatsinze kuri Kiev cya Voivode cyakozwe muri 1153. Amaze kubashyira kubyemera duke mukuru Kiev Rostislav, yirukanye mu mujyi wa Iaslavlava. Rostislav ndetse yahaye inzira uwatsinze umutwe wa Grand Duke Kiev. Kandi na none ntabwo yakoze ku ntebe igihe kirekire.
Ariko kugerageza kwa gatatu byambitswe ikamba. Umuyobozi mukuru wa Kiev mu 1155, umutegetsi yakiriye izina ry'umuganwa ukomeye wa Kiev kandi ashinze imizi hano kugeza igihe cyo kurangirira. Ariko, hano ingoma ndende ntabwo yakoze: yuri dolgoruky hashize imyaka 2 yigaruriye Kiev, muri 1157.
Imyaka yingoma ya Prince Yuri Dolgorukh yarivuguruza. Wold bact yari ishyari, amayeri n'umururumba, ariko icyarimwe yiswe ubutwari no kubarwa ubuhanga. Abashakashatsi bamwe bamufata ibicucu byose, byagize ingaruka nziza ku ngoma yingoma yigihe kirekire. Icyubahiro cy'Igikomangoma kirimo ubumwe n'ubwami bwa Byzantine (harimo n'ubucuruzi), no gusoza amasezerano y'amahoro na Polovtsy, ndetse no guma guma ku ntebe ya Kiev.
Ariko byabaye ibyo abanyacyubahiro, ubuzima bwanjye bwose bwarose Kiev, bufitanye isano nundi mujyi - Moscou. Abakomoka ku bashinze umurwa mukuru. Nk'uko imigani ivuga ko Yuri Dolgoruky yagarutse avuye i Kiev to Vladimir no ku bishanga yabonye inyamaswa zidasanzwe zifite imitwe idasanzwe ifite imitwe itatu, yashonga mu gihu cyo mu gitondo. Kuruhande rw'ahantu, gutuza kwa Bowarin Kuchka byavumbuwe, yangaga ikinini cy'Igikomangoma kandi ntiyigeze ashyikiriza abashyitsi batunguranye. Mu gusubiza ibi, Yuri Dolgoruky yafashe ifata rya gisirikare yo gutura, mugihe yica agatsiko.
Yuri yangiriye imbabazi n'abana ba Beyari - Abakobwa b'ikirenga, bashakanye n'umwana wa Andrei bogolyubibisky, n'abahungu - Petero na Yakim. Abavandimwe ba punch bafunguye amayobera y'urupfu rwa se, bagiye gufatanya bakica umuhungu wa Yuri Dolgoruky - Andrey. Iki kintu cyasobanuwe mubuzima bwa Prince Bogolyubsky, cyaje guhabwa icyubahiro nitorero rya orotodogisi mu Burusiya mu kurigata.
Mu 1147, binyuze kuri gahunda ya Yuri, Dolgoruky mu nkengero zo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'Uburaya, hashyizweho umuturage, uruhare rwacyo cyari uburinzi bw'imipaka. Yazamuye ku musozi uhuza inzuzi eshatu. Byari ahantu heza kubashakisha. Gutumirwa byagaragaye ko ari byiza mubuzima bitangira gukura vuba.
Mu myaka ya 1147 ya Guverineri, agaruka muri kaganiri wa Novgorod, yanditse umufasha wa Corhoncos, Sloverky, SLOVETLAV Olgovich, mu muvandimwe: "I Muvandimwe, i Moscou!". Muri ubu butumwa, Moscou yavuzwe bwa mbere. Nyuma, impeti ivuga ko igikomangoma yahindutse amagambo yavuzwe, amenyereye abadashingira ku mateka y'Uburusiya. Amashusho ya Ipatiev avuga ko ibaruwa y'igikomangoma ari isoko ya mbere y'amakuru yerekeye umurwa mukuru uzaza mu Burusiya. Kubwibyo, 11477 bifatwa nkumwaka wishingiro ryumujyi.
Mubidukikije byamateka, hari verisiyo, ukurikije uwo mujyi wamaze kubaho mugihe cyo kuvuga mu nyubako zidakira imyaka ibihumbi bitanu. Mu gikombe cyakoreshejwe imizi ibiri ya kera cyane: "Mosk", mu byukuri mu byukuri nka "flint" na "Cove" - "Kwihisha". Muri rusange, Ijambo ryasobanuraga "ubuhungiro bwamabuye".
Ntabwo moscou gusa ifatwa nk "kuvuka" hamwe nuyu munyabwenge. Yuri Dolgoruki yashinze Dmitrov, yita uyu mujyi mu rwego rwo kubaha ibitotsi bito bya Vsevolod icyari kinini, wabatijwe no mu mitego. Kandi mu ntangiriro ya 1150, voivo yashinze Pereyaslavl-Zalessky na Yuriev-polsky. Ivugurura ku ngoma y'Umwami ntabwo ryakozwe. Ibikorwa nyamukuru byagezweho mubikorwa bya politiki byimbere bya guverineri birimo kubaka imijyi, ibihome ninsengero. Kugira ngo dushimangire imbaraga za Dolgoruky, watumye nta sogisi yo mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'amajyaruguru y'uburasirazuba no gutuza ku mipaka y'iburasirazuba.
Mu 1154, inyota yo kwigarurira yatangiye ku gikomangoma. Yafashe Ryazan, ayikubita igikomangoma Rostislav. Gutegeka Umujyi ni mwene Dolkhogo - Andrei Bogolyubsky. Ariko ntibyashobokaga kubika Ryazan: Rostislav yatsindiye inkunga ya polovtsy akomanga abateye muri victob yabo.
Mu 1156, igikomangoma-washinze Moscou yashimangiye umujyi wa moat ndende na pasico ikomeye. Yarebye umuhungu we Andrei bogolyubsky.
Ntabwo ari hose politiki ya Yuri Dolgoruky yangwa muburyo bumwe nko muri Kiev. Mu majyaruguru y'Uburusiya, kwibuka neza byakijijwe ibye. Hano bizera ko yashyize imbaraga nyinshi kuri gahunda yo gutunganya igihugu cy'Uburusiya.
UBUZIMA BWE, komanda wa Vladimir-kuri-klyazma arahaguruka. Kandi kandi uruhinja rusigaye nyuma y'urwibutso rw'ubwubatsi - Cathedrale ya Seracry muri Peris na Cathedrale ya Boris na Gleb i Yuryv-Plesky, Ipasi ya George i Vladimir n'Umukiza muri Suzdali.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Wolly warashakanye kabiri. Umugore wa mbere wa Dolgoruky - Umukobwa wa Polovtsy Khan Aepea Ainevich. Ubu bukwe bwasamwe na Vladimir Monomakh, afite intego binyuze mubumwe kugirango dukomeze isi na polovtsy. Ubuzima bwite bwa Yuri Dolgoruky hamwe nigice cyateye imbere. Muri ubu bukwe, abana 8 bagaragaye ku isi.
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo bashakanye ba mbere, igikomangoma yashakanye n'inshuro ya kabiri. Umugore we yabaye Tsarevna Olga, mukobwa (akurikije andi makuru - mushiki we) w'umumipere wa Byzantine Manuel wa mbere Comnin. Kuva ku bashakanye babiri Yuri Dolgoruky, abana 13 baravutse.
Mu bahungu ba Yuri Dolgoruky yabaye icyamamare Andrei Bogolyubky, wakomeje umwanya wa Vladimir-suzdal w'igisigarabukuru cya Vladimir-Suzdal, ndetse na VSEVOLOD "nyuma y'uko Andrei yafashe Ingoma y'ingoma y'Urukiko. Umwuzukuru wa Vsevolod III - Alexander Nevsky - Yamenyekanye cyane ku ntsinzi yo kuntwari ku bakoni ba Livoniya mu gihe cy'urubura.
Urupfu
Mu 1157, Yuri Dolgoruky, yasubiye i Kiev, yagendeye ku mukobwa wa Perrily mu birori. Mw'ijoro 10 Gicurasi, igikomangoma cyumvise indwara. Abashakashatsi bamwe bakunda kwizera ko helm idahwitse Kievskaya kubimenya. Nyuma y'iminsi 5, 15 Gicurasi, umutegetsi yarapfuye.
Abajuviya ntibategereje igihe kirekire: 16 Gicurasi, ku munsi wo gushyingura, basahura urugo rwa velmazby bangwa na bo n'umuhungu we. KIEV yongeye gufata uhagarariye umurongo Chernev Davydovich, Izyslav icya gatatu.
Ndetse n'umurambo w'abaturage ba Plance Kiev wapfuye ntibyemereye kumushyingura iruhande rwa se Vladimir monomakh. Imva yumuganwa igitego yatunganijwe ahandi. Yuri Dolgoruky yashyinguwe ku butaka bwa Kiev-pechersk Lavra - mu mukiza wa Berestkovsky.
Kwibuka
Abahanga mu by'amateka, batanze imirongo ya Yuri Dolgokukha, basuzuma neza uruhare rwe mu nkuru, bahamagara igikomangoma "Umuterankunga w'igihugu cy'Uburusiya." Intego n'intego za politiki ye ni ukushimangira imbaraga zishyizwe hamwe ku batware b'Abarusiya, bagize uruhare mu kugabanuka mu ntambara za gisivili.
Urwibutso kuri Yuri Dolgorukhu ku kibanza cya Tver ya shingiro ry'Imari - icyubahiro ku gikomangoma cy'uwashinze. Igishusho cyashyizweho n'umushinga S. Orlov yashinzwe mu 1954, nubwo urwibutso rwemeye ku giti cye zemerera Joseph Stalin ku mugoroba wo kwizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 800. Ishusho yumutware yaje gukusanyirizwa, kubera ko amashusho nyayo ya Yuriy Dolgorukha ntabwo yabitswe. Ku mpagari, kiri mu kuboko k'umufuka, bigereranywa na George yatsinze. Ku mutako, uhitamo urwibutso, amashusho ya rubanda rwa rubanda hamwe nimpamvu za kera ziza muburusiya binyuze muri Byzantium.
Muri Mata 2007, imizabibu ya kirimbuzi yashyizweho mu Burusiya. Ubwato "Yuri Dolgoruky" - Undi "Mobile" Mobile Duke Duke Mukuru.
Kwibuka Yuri, Dolgoruk buri gihe akora ibiceri byisambire. Babonaga isabukuru yimyaka 800, hanyuma isabukuru yimyaka 850 yo gushinga umurwa mukuru w'Uburusiya.
Ibintu bishimishije biva kuri biografiya ya Prince Dolgoruky yitabye firime nyinshi zitangazwa, kandi muri 1998 kaseti yubuhanzi "Comce Yuri Dolgoruky" yasohotse, aho imiti ya Boris yakinnye imico nyamukuru.
Kwibuka
- Urwobutso Yuri Dolgorukhu i Moscou, Dmitrov, Kostroma, Pereslavl-Zalessky, YuryEv-Polsky
- Ishusho yumutware ku mudari "Kwibuka isabukuru yimyaka 800 ya Moscou"
- Izina rya Asteroid (7223) Dolgorukij, fungura by inyenyeri ludmila karachkina
- Ibiranga Filime "Igikomangoma Yuri Dolgoruky"
- Gukora Submarine wa kirimbuzi "Yuri Dolgoruky"
- Imodoka ya Moscou Ibihingwa bya Moscou M-2141r5 "Yuri Dolgoruky" Hashingiwe ku modoka "Moskvich-2141"