Ubuzima
Russuzulleva Lilydia Andreevna - Umuhanzi wubahwa muri RSFR, umuririmbyi wa musoviyeti, ukora indirimbo z'abarusiya. Yaririmbye i Reichstag igihe ingabo z'Abasoviyeti zinjira muri Berlin, akazi ke kabaye icyitegererezo cy'abanyamahanga. Umuheto wa Kidiya "uzwi cyane mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Lidiya Andreevna:" Vovekav, Valenki "."Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umuhanzi, isi izi nkuko Lidiya Ruslanov, yavutse afite imyaka 1400 mu muryango w'abahinzi boroheje mu karere ka Saratov. Nk'uko isoko imwe, izina ryayo ryari Proskovya, nk'uko abandi babivuze - Agafya, bakurikije ubuhamya bwa bo mu gihe, mu mudugudu yiswe isafuriya. Umukobwa yari umwe mubana batatu mumuryango wabatizera ba kera Leukin. Panka yari afite umuvandimwe wa Avedy na mushiki we Julia.
Nyuma y'intambara y'Ikirusiya-Ikiyapani, se wa Leukin yagiye imbere, mama arapfa. Umukobwa rero agera kumutoza wimfuti, aho umuririmbyi uzaza ashinjwa ibaruwa ifite izina rishya namazina. Hamwe na murumuna na Mushikiwabo Ruslanov yacitsemo ibice. Umukobwa wumuhanzi Nyuma y'urupfu rwe yavuze ko Lidiya ari izina ryukuri ryumuririmbyi, gusa izina ryari ryihimbano.
Impano yigaragaje kuva muri Ruslanovaya mubana bato. Mugihe cyo kuguma mu mukobwa w'imfubyi waririmbye mu itorero ryitorero. Amakuru adasanzwe yijwi yamufashije mu busore bwe kugira ngo yinjire muri gahunda ya Saratov, ariko nyuma y'imyaka ibiri yo kwiga, Lidiya yamenye ko amajwi y'amasomo atamushishikaje.
Yari umuhanga mu ndirimbo zabantu. Mu 1916, umukobwa nka mushiki wanjye w'imbabazi yagiye ku bushake. Mu myaka y'intambara, yakoraga gari ya moshi. Rimwe na rimwe, yaririmbaga abakomeretse kugira ngo bagabanye imibabaro yabo. Noneho ikintu cya mbere cyabaye mubuzima bwe.
Umwuga wa muzika
Amaherezo Lidiya yafashe nk'umuhanzi mu 1921. Yari afite uburyo bwe bwite, igitaramo ishusho hamwe nisubiramo ryihariye. Ahantu hambere wakazi k'umukinnyi ukiri muto umusore nkuko umuririmbyi yari incuka "scaronorch" muri rostov-on-Don.Hejuru kuri stage solo Lildia yatangiye mu 1923, igitaramo cye cya mbere cyari intsinzi nini. Muri 20, Ruslanov yatangiye gukusanya ibitabo n'ibitekerezo bya rubanda. Yakoresheje ibitabo byo kwiyigisha, n'imyambaro nk'imyambaro y'ibitaramo.
Umugabo wa kabiri wumuhanzi yashishikarije urukundo akunda ubuzima bwa Bohemiya. Ruslanov yashimishijwe no gukusanya amashusho, antique na zahabu. Muri kiriya gihe, inyandiko zikoresheje amajwi ya Lidiya Andreevna yasohotse hamwe n'ibice binini kandi bitandukanijwe nka keke zishyushye. Umuhanzi mu gisirikare yari akunzwe cyane.
Nyuma y'intambara yo mu Busoni-Fivuyike mu 1939, Ruslanov yongeye kuba imbere, ariko asanzwe mu rwego rwa brigade y'ibitaramo. Yakoraga mubihe bigoye, mubukonje, nta bihe bisanzwe byo kwidagadura. Kugirango tutatakaza ijwi rya Lidiya Andreevna buri gihe nemera imiti ya antibacterial, aho yakiriye izina "lidchka-streptocid".
Noneho hariho intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu. Ruslanova yongeye kuba muri brigade yigitaramo ikorera imbere. Iki gihe cyazanye umuririmbyi kuba yaramamaye. Yakoresheje amafaranga yo kugura diyama, imyambarire, ibikoresho bya kera nibindi bintu byiza.
Mu 1942, yahawe umutwe w'umuhanzi wubahwa wa RSFSR, by the way, muri uwo mwaka, umwambaro nk'uwo wakiriwe n'inshuti, na Leonid utesov, na we wakoreye imbere. Mu myaka y'intambara, umuririmbyi yahaye ibitaramo 1120. Wari uyu mukinnyi wa filime mu Burusiya mu 1945 kugira ngo baririmba abarwanyi b'ingabo zitukura i Berlin i Reikhstag.
Ruslanov Mugusomyi
Nyuma yimyaka ibiri nyuma yintambara, "Ubugambanyi bwa gisirikare" kandi tuziranye bwa Marshal Zhukov byatangajwe muri opal. Muri bo harimo mukuru w'infuti hamwe n'umugore we. Mu 1949, Lidia n'umugabo we bambuwe ibihembo bya gisirikare, kandi barafatwa. Indirimbo za Ruslanov zarahagaritswe. Lidiya Andreevna yabajijwe igihe kirekire, hanyuma baraburanishwa no koherezwa mu nkambi. Inshuro nyinshi zahinduwe ziva ahantu hamwe hafashwe ikindi, kubazwa, harimo n'imibanire ye na Zhukov.
Ndetse no mu ngando ntiyahagaritse kuririmba, yagerageje gukomera, nubwo yahuye n'ifu y'umwuka kubera isoni. Mu 1950, Lidiya Andreevna yaguye muri gereza ya Vladimir, aho icyo gihe yari mu gusoza Zoya Fedorov. Abagore babonye ururimi rusanzwe kandi bahinda umushyitsi. Muri gereza ya Lidiya, Ruslanov yanze kuririmba, kuko yinjiye muri cake inshuro nyinshi. Mugihe cyo gusoza, byatumye inshuro nyinshi gutwika ibihaha.
Mu 1953, nyuma y'urupfu rwa Stalin, Lidiya Andreevna n'umugore we bavuguruye. Basubije igice cyumutungo batangira kugerageza kuzamura ubuzima. Gereza yatesha agaciro ubuzima bwa Kryokov na Ruslanova, ndetse yashakaga kwibagirwa ibyabaye. Umuhanzi yimuriwe cyane mu induru yakorewe igihugu cyose. Umugabo wumuhanzi, na we ntashobora gukira imibabaro inararibonye muri gereza.
Kubwubuzima bwumuryango Ruslanov bwasubiye kuri stage. Kubona amafaranga byari bihagije kugura ibikoresho bya bimwe n'imodoka. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe mu 1959, umuririmbyi yahagaritse ibitaramo byose kandi agiye kuva aho hantu hose. Muri mirongo itandatu, ijwi rye ryakunze kuvugwa kuri radiyo, ibyamamare ntibyacogoye. Buhoro buhoro, Lidiya Andreevna yasubiye mu bikorwa.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Lidia Buslanova ubuzima bwihariye bwari bugizwe na gihane kandi buragwa. Ubwa mbere yashakanye mu 1916 kubera umwanda wa VITALY Nikolaevich Stepanov. Muri Gicurasi 1917, umwana yavutse ari abashakanye. Hariho verisiyo umugabo wa mbere yarokotse na Gypsy, afata umwana. Izina ry'umuhungu we Russenov ryakomeje ibanga, kimwe nibisobanuro birambuye byakundwa. Dukurikije amakuru amwe, umwana yarapfuye, atabayeho amezi abiri, ariko umuririmbyi we ubwe kuri iki gice cya biografiya ntiyashakaga kuvuga.
Muri 2014, muri gahunda ya TV "muri gahunda ya TV" muri televiziyo Ether ", pensiyor yavuye i Kirov, yiyita umuhungu wa Lidiya Ruslanova, yashoboye kwerekana isano n'umwishywa w'umuhanzi. Uku kuri kavuga neza ibyo umwana yavutse yavutse mu 1917 ashobora kuba yakomeje kubaho.
Ubukwe bwa kabiri bw'abaririmbyi bwari burebure. Kuri Nauma Naumin Rusumin yashakanye mu 1919 muri Vinnitsa, mu myaka ibiri umusore umusore yimukiye muri Moscou. Hamwe na hamwe, abashakanye babaga imyaka icumi, mu gihe mu 1929 Lilidiya ntiyigeze asaba gutandukana. Nyuma yimyaka 8, NAPN yarakandamijwe arasa.
Icyo gihe, Ruslanova yari afite undi mugabo. Mikhail Gartivi Umuhanzi yarubatse mu 1929 kuri Confener uzwi cyane ya Mikhail Garkavi. Babanaga imyaka 13, mugihe Ruslanov nta rukundo rushya yari afite imbere ya mugenzi wawe ninshuti George Zhukov.
Jenerali w'umutima wafashwe w'umuhanzi w'Uburusiya witwa Vladimir Kryokov. Lydia yahukanye Garkavi, kubera ko ntarahanganiraga ibinyoma n'abasambanyi. Umugore yavuze ko mumbabaje ku giti cye "idubu", ariko umutima wuzuye urukundo ku gisirikare, nko mu busore bwe. Umuririmbyi ubwe yasabye ko ikimenyetso cya Kryokov. Jenerali yagize umukobwa w'imyaka irindwi Margarita, Ruslanov yafashe nka kavukire.
Nyuma y'intambara, babanaga hamwe, nkuko bigaragara n'amafoto meza yigihe. Umukobwa yibuka ko Lidiya Andreevna yahoraga akunda isuku no guhumurizwa, yateguwe neza, kandi nimugoroba hari inshuti nyinshi kandi abantu bashimishije munzu.
Umubano wa hafi na Zhukov wari ufite ingaruka zica mu bihe bya Jenerali Kryokov n'umugore we. Umugabo wa kane w'abaririmbyi ntashobora gukira nyuma y'imyaka itanu apfa mu 1959. Urupfu rw'uwo mwashakanye rwagize uruhare runini Ruslanov, yahagaritse ibitaramo bye byose, kandi umwaka ntibyagaragaye kuri stage.
Imyaka Yanyuma nurupfu
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugabo we, Ruslanov yatangiye kubabaza no kwinubira umutima. Yamaranye umwanya munini murugo mu buriri, umukobwa we aragisoma n'ijwi rirenga. Iyo ubuzima bwemewe, Ruslanov yagiyena na Margarita kugera mu kipe, yakoze mu bitaramo bya pop. Umutwe wumuhanzi Lidiya Andreevna ntabwo yigeze abona, ntabwo nawe yarekuwe mumahanga. Ubuzima bw'ubuzima ntabwo bwagaragaye mu ijwi ry'umuririmbyi, yakomeje kubaho mu buryo butangaje, bwiza, bukiri bwiza kandi bwuzuye.
Muri Kanama 1973, Ruslanov yagize uruhare mu gitaramo kinini, icya nyuma cyacyo cyashize muri Rostov, aho umuririmbyi yatangiye umwuga we wo kuririmba mu 1921. Lidiya Andreevna yapfuye ku ya 21 Nzeri 1973. Impamvu y'urupfu ni igitero cy'umutima.
Nyuma yo kwihisho, byamenyekanye ko umuhanzi ubuzima bwe ntari munsi ya esheshatu. Umuhanzi yashyinguwe ku irimbi rya Novodevichy i Moscou. Byari abantu benshi cyane kumara umuhanzi ukunda munzira iheruka kugenda ko ubwikorezi buva mu irimbi bugomba guhagarara.
Kwibuka
Muri 2007, film ya documentaire "Roweli Rollance Lydia Ruslanova" kubyerekeye ubuzima bwumuhanzi wabantu. Muri 2008, umukinyi yahawe muri Irkutsk, yitangiye kwibuka Lidiya Andreevna. Buri mwaka, amarushanwa yindirimbo zababi yafatiwe mu Burusiya, ni ryo izina ry'umuririmbyi uzwi, kandi muri Veniyeri Ruslanov. Ingingo zerekeye ubuzima nakazi k'umuririmbyi gukomeza kugaragara mu binyamakuru.
Kwibuka ibikorwa byindirimbo "Wovenka, Valenki" ntabwo bishira, nubwo ijwi rye rito kandi ritoroshye kuri telegi cyangwa tele-ester. Muri 2015, ishusho ya Ruslanova yubatswe mu myambarire yo kwidagadura "neza." Indirimbo "Valenki, Valenki" yerekanye umuhanzi w'umuhanga Danil Dunaev, wongeye kugarura umuhanzi w'abaturage hanze maze ahita yirukana ubwo buryo.
Muri iyo shusho, ndayigana Ruslanovas yagerageje umuririmbyi wa pop elena Vaenga, yakoraga indirimbo "Twagendera mu bwato." Mu myaka ibihumbi bibiri, ukurikije imiyoboro iyobowe na TV yatangiye gufata umwanzuro n'abashinzwe ubuzima bw'abahanzi b'indashyikirwa n'imibare y'ibihe by'Abasoviyeti. Indangamuntu ya Lidiya ishyikirizwa muri bo muri bo ("Zoya", "Zhukov"))'s Lirozova.
Discography:
- 1996 - Sildia Ruslanova
- 2000 - Umwamikazi windirimbo yikirusiya
- 2001 - Abahanzi bakomeye b'Abarusiya bo mu kinyejana cya XX. Lidia Ruslanova
- 2002 - Indirimbo zabantu b'Abarusiya. Gufata amajwi 1930-40
- 2007 - amazina y'ibihe byose. Lidia Ruslanova