Ubuzima
Rasul Ghamzatovich Gamzatov - Umusizi wa Avar Akomoka, Avarist, Umusemuzi, Umusemuzi, Umunyapolitiki, Kavaler wo ku rutonde rw'intumwa rwera Andrei yahamagaye mbere.
Rasul Gamzatov yagaragaye ku ya 8 Nzeri 1923. Umusizi uzaza yavukiye muri kimwe mu karere ka Ayov Hongzakh wo kwa Dagestan. Rasul yanditse imirongo ye ya mbere akiri muto ubwo yabonaga bwa mbere indege mu mudugudu we wa Tsada. Umuhungu warenze amarangamutima, maze ahitamo kubigaragaza ku mpapuro.
Umwarimu wa mbere Rasul yari se Gambat Tsudas, wari umusizi ukuze. Yabwiye umuhungu w'inkuru, imigani, asome ibisigo bye, ashishikariza ibitekerezo n'ubwenge bw'abavandimwe. Mu nzu umuryango w'abami wabayeho, Inzu Ndangamurage ya Hamzat Tsadasa ubu iherereye. Mu guha icyubahiro, iryo shuri naryo ryitiriwe, abahungu be n'abandi bana bo mu mudugudu bagendeye.
Rasul yasohotse mu binyamakuru byaho, Rasul yasinye izina rya Gamerat Tsadasa. Umusore yaje hamwe n'izina rye bwite ubwo namenyaga ko umurimo we agira ingaruka kubutware bwa Data. Umusizi rero yahindutse Rasul Gamzatov.
Igitabo cya mbere, cyashyize ibigize Hamzatov, cyari ikinyamakuru "imisozi ya Bolshevik". Muri kiriya gihe, umusizi ukiri muto yari umunyeshuri wishuri. Yakomeje kwandika n'ibikomangoma, kuba umunyeshuri. Rasul yakiriye amashuri ya Pedagogi. Mu ntangiriro z'ibibazo byo mu kinyejana gishize, Gamzatov yakoze nk'umwarimu mu ishuri rito, ubu rifite izina rya Se.
Mu 1943, icyegeranyo cya mbere cyibisigo Gamzatov yasohotse. Igitabo cyarimo umubare munini winyandiko ku nsanganyamatsiko ya gisirikare Rasul yashimye ubutwari bw'abasirikare b'Abasoviyeti. Mu ntambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, abakuru bombi Gamzatov bapfuye, ibi byagize ingaruka ku myifatire y'umusore mu makimbirane yitwaje intwaro.
Amaze gukora imyaka itari mike ku ishuri, Rasul yagiye i Moscou kugira ngo yinjire mu kigo cy'ubuvanganzo mu 1945. Muri kiriya gihe, hari ibitabo bimaze gutanga ibitabo byinshi byatangajwe. Muri iki kigo cya avars cyakiriwe. Gamzatov yavumbuye isi nshya y'ibisigo by'Uburusiya, byagaragaye cyane mu mirimo ye ikurikira. Mu 1947, ibisigo bya Gamzatov byasohowe bwa mbere mu kirusiya, kandi mu myaka itatu, umusizi yarangije ikigo cy'ubuvanganzo.
Igikorwa cyumuvuza cya Acalstan kimaze igihe kinini kirimo amagambo, ariko gamzat ntabwo yigeze kwandika mu Burusiya. Ibisigo bye ninkuru byahinduwe nabanditsi batandukanye, umusizi yakiriye neza.
Byinshi mu bisigo bya Gamzatov byashyizwe kumurongo. Ibyegeranyo byindirimbo bishingiye ku nyandiko ze zasohowe inshuro nyinshi na sosiyete "Melody". Abahimbyi bazwi cyane bafatanya n'umusizi, barimo Raymond Pauls, Jan Frenkel, Dmitry Kabalevsky, Alexander Pakhmutova, Yuri Antontov. Indirimbo ku musigo ziwe zumvikanye mu kanwa ka Yozefu Kobon na Muslim Magayev, Sofia Rotaru na Anna Herman, Vakhtanga Kikabidze na Mark bernes.
Rasul Gamzatov amaze imyaka irenga 50 yari umuyobozi wumurimo wumwanditsi wa Dagestan. Yabaye kandi umwe mu bagize Inama y'Ubutumwa bw'abanyamakuru benshi bazwi cyane mu Bucamavasi. Mu gihe kinini Gamzatov yahinduye ururimi kavukire yakazi ka Balekin, Nekrasov, Blok, Lermontov, Yesenin n'abandi bakera b'Abarusiya.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Urukundo rwa mbere Rasul Gamzatov yaje kuba agahinda. Umukunzi we yari umuhanzi, yavuye mu buzima bwe hakiri kare, asiga inyuma ya Spetings n'umutima umenetse w'umusizi. Gamzatov yeguriwe uyu mugore kumuvugo.
Ubuzima bwihariye bwumuziki ntabwo bwarangije. Mu mudugudu we kavukire, umukobwa wa Patidat yabaga, inyuma ya Rasul yakundaga kurebwa mu bwana. Iyo umuturanyi amaze gukura, Gambazatov yashimishwa n'ubwiza bwe. Umusizi yashakanye n'umukobwa ufite uburere buturutse mu myaka umunani, kandi abanye n'ubuzima bwe bwose. Uwo mwashakanye yapfuye hashize imyaka itatu mbere ya mutanga.
Mu 1956, bombi bari bafite umukobwa w'umutego, nyuma yimyaka itatu - Patimat, no mu 1965 - Umukobwa Salikat. Muri uwo mwaka, aho umukobwa muto yagaragaye Rasul Gamzatovich, yasize nyina. Handeula Gaidarbecagadzhievna yapfuye afite imyaka 77.
Umugore w'umusizi yakoraga ubuzima bwe bwose n'umuhanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi, umwe mu nzu ndangamurage ya Dagestan y'ubuhanzi bugaragara ubu ni izina rye. Umusizi afite abuzukuru bane. Umwe muri Heiress Rasul Gamzatova Tavus Mahachev yabaye umuhanzi uzwi cyane muri Dagestan.
Urupfu
Mu 2000, uwo bashakanye Gasul Gamzatov yapfuye, uwo yabayeho arenga igice cy'ikinyejana. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugore we, ubuzima bw'umusizi bwarushijeho kwangirika cyane. Rasul Gamzatovich yari afite uburwayi bwa Parkinson, ariko ntiyatakaje icyizere, yizeye ko ibintu byiza byo kwivuza.
Muri Nzeri 2003, umusizi yagombaga kwizihiza isabukuru ye ya mirongo inani, ahubwo yasubiyemo ibirori kubera imibereho mibi. Mu Kwakira muri uwo mwaka, umugabo yaguye mu bitaro. Umukobwa wumusizi yamusuye umunsi umwe akamera kandi yemera ko se yateganije yitonze. Umunyamakuru wamamaye ku ya 3 Ugushyingo 2003.
Gamzatov yavuye mu Isezerano aho hari ahantu ho gukurura abantu ba Dagestan. Umusizi yabajije abasore gushima no gukunda igihugu cyabo. Abantu ibihumbi n'ibihumbi baje gusezera. Umurambo we wa cousatriots ujyanwa mu irimbi ku bitugu.
Gamzatov yasabye kudagaragaza imva mu buzima no ku izina. "Rasul" ni ijambo ryonyine yasabye kwandika mu kirusiya ku ibuye ryinshi. Yashyinguye umusizi muri Makhachkala, yinangiye iruhande rw'umugore we.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Mu 1968, Mark Bernes yakoze indirimbo "Crane". Umuziki kuri iyi mirimo yanditswe na Jan Frenkel mu busobanuro bw'Uburusiya bwa Powem Rasul Gamzatov.
- Umusizi mugihe cyigizwe n '"crane" yahumetswe n'amateka ya japanda Sasaco. Uyu mukobwa yarwaye indwara yacitse kubera ingaruka zatewe mu gisasu cya Hiroshima. Sadakov yizeraga ko niba byabyara cranes impapuro igihumbi, byaba bishobora gukiza uburwayi bwe. Umukobwa ntabwo yari afite umwanya wo kurangiza akazi arapfa. Rasul yinjiye mu gitekerezo cyo kwanga intambara zose n'intambara ya Sadako mu Buyapani yanditse ibisigo byabaye ishingiro ry'indirimbo "Cranes".
- Rasul Gamzatovich yizeye ko umuhungu azagaragara mu muryango we. Yateganyaga guhamagara umuhungu wa Haji murat mu cyubahiro intwari y'igisigo cy'ikirere cyangwa shamil. Nyuma yumukobwa wa gatatu amaze kuvuka, abashakanye baretse kugerageza kubyara samurari. Abakobwa Gamzatova nabo ntibigeze babyara abahungu kandi bizera ko hari igisobanuro rwibanga muri ibi.
- Rasul Gamzatovich ntiyahishe ubwenegihugu bwe. Yishimiye kuba ukomoka kuri AUL muto muri Dagestan. Umusizi yari afite inzu muri Makhachkala n'inzu nini i Moscou, ariko umusizi ntiyashakaga gutwara umuryango ku murwa mukuru wa USSR.
- Umukobwa wo hagati wo mu musizi Patimat yitiriwe mubyara we, atari umugore we Rasul. Yiya mwishywa Gambatov hakiri kare, yari umukobwa wa murumuna we wapfuye mu ntambara.
- Umusizi yahawe urwenya. Rasul Gamzatovich amwenyura hafi ya buri foto yabitswe. Nk'uko abakobwa babivuga, urwenya rwe rwahoraga ari mwiza kandi usekeje.
- Rasul Gamzatovich yatowe inshuro nyinshi ko ari umudepite w'Inama Nkuru ya Posts ya Dagestan, na we yari umudepite n'umunyamuryango wa Pretidium y'ububiko buhebuje bwa USSR.
- Amezi icyenda amaze gupfa, abuzukuru be yavutse ari umuhungu. Umuhungu witwa Rasul. Amezi make mbere yo kuvuka kwe, umwe mu nshuti Gamzatov yari afite inzozi umusizi yabayeho.
Kwibuka
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Rasul Gamzatov, film kubyerekeye ubuzima bwe nakazi kayo batangiye kugaragara. Mubihe bitandukanye, amashusho atandatu atanga inyandiko avuga ibyatsi byumusizi. Muri 2014, filime yubuhanzi na documentaire kuri Rasul Gamzatov, wiswe "danjestan. Kwatura ".
Izina ry'umusizi ryambarwa: Ubwato bwumuzinga, ubwato bwumye, indege zumupaka, Gunsal, GunIbskaya Hpp, GunIbskaya HPP, GunIbskaya Hpp, Gunbibskaya Hpp, Amarushanwa ya volley ball, amashuri umunani n'amasomero abiri.
Muri Dagestan kuva mu 1986, mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro Gambatov, ibiruhuko "byera".