Ubuzima
Frederick Francois Chopin - Umuhigo ukomeye-Urukundo, washinze ishuri rya piyal polonye. Mubuzima bwe bwose, ntabwo yaremye umurimo umwe wa orchestre ya simfony, ariko ibihimbano byayo kuri piyano ni impinga idasanzwe yubuhanzi bwa piyani.
Umuziki uzaza wavutse mu 1810 mu muryango wa mwarimu wa Polonye na Gitener Nicolas Chopin na Tech ya Justin Ksizinovskaya, abanyacyubahiro bakomokamo. Mu mujyi wa Zaheyovzov, uhirwa mu warwanaga, izina rya Chopin ryafatwaga nk'umuryango wubahwa.
Ababyeyi bareze abana babo bakunda umuziki, ibisigo. Umubyeyi yari piyano n'umuririmbyi mwiza, yavuze neza mu gifaransa. Usibye Frederick nkeya mu muryango, abakobwa batatu bararezwe, ariko umuhungu werekanye gusa piyano.
Kugira ibitekerezo byinshi mubitekerezo, Frederick ntoya yashoboraga kwicara kumasaha uhereye kubikoresho, gutora cyangwa kwiga imirimo nka. Yamaze ku mwana muto, yakubise ikikije ubushobozi bwe no gukunda umuziki. Umuhungu yatangiye kuvuga afite ibitaramo mu myaka hafi 5, kandi afite imyaka 7 amaze kwinjira mu ishuri rya Piyano azwi cyane muri Piyano mukuru w'icyo gihe kuri wojcuchi. Nyuma yimyaka itanu, Frederick yahindutse piyano nyayo-mortuoso nyayo, akurikije ubuhanga bwa tekiniki nu muziki, ntabwo yari kure cyane.
Mugereranije n'amasomo ku mukino ku mukino ku mukino wa Piyano, watangiye gufata amasomo y'ibihimbano mu mucuranzi wa Joseph Elsiner azwi i Warsaw. Usibye uburezi, umusore anyura mu Burayi, asura The Opera Prago prater, Dresden, Berlin.
Ndashimira igikomangoma cy'umutware Anton Radziwille, umucuranzi ukiri muto yabaye sosiyete nkuru. Yasuye umusore ufite impano no mu Burusiya. Umukino we waranzwe n'Umwami w'abami Alexander I. Nkurugero, abasore bakora bahawe impeta ya diyama.
Umuziki
Kuba wabonye ibintu hamwe nuburambe bwambere bwo kubahiriza, mumyaka 19 Chopin itangira umwuga we wa Piyano. Ibitaramo ko umucuranzi amara muri Warsaw kavukire na Krakow, umusare azwi cyane. Ariko urugendo rwambere rwu Burayi, ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Frederick nyuma y'umwaka, byaje kubacuramo batandukana mu gihugu.
Igihe yari mu Budage hamwe na disikuru, Chopin yiga kubyerekeye imvururu za Polonye i Warsaw, umwe mu bashyigikiye. Nyuma yaya makuru, umucuranzi ukiri muto yahatiwe kuguma mu mahanga i Paris. Mu kwibuka ibi birori, uwahimbye yanditse etude ya mbere, isaro ryayo ryari rizwi cyane.
Mu Bufaransa, Frederick Chopin ahanini yakoreye mu mazu y'abagenzi be n'inshuti zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Muri iki gihe, yahimbye ibitaramo bye bya piyano ya mbere, bikaba byarakore neza ku mashusho ya Vienne na Paris.
Ukuri kwinshinga ubuzima bwa chopin ninama ye i Leipzig hamwe numugore wumudage-robent robert shuman. Nyuma yo kumva imikorere y'umusore wa piyano na uwahimbye, Ikidage cyatangaye kiti: "Banyakubahwa, kura ingofero, uyu ni umunyabwenge." Usibye Shuman, umufana wa Hongiriya Ferrenic Ferrenic Feneren Fans Fang. Yashimye imirimo y'umucuranzi wa Polonye ndetse yandika imirimo nini y'Ubushakashatsi ku buzima no kugirwa ikigirwamana cye.
Indabyo
Icyapa kinyejana cya XIX kiba umuhigo wa herposer. Muburyo bw'imivugo bw'umwanditsi wo muri Polonye Adam Mitskevich, Frederic Chopin ikora ballas enye zahariwe muri Polonye zabo kavukire ndetse n'ibyabaye ku bihe bye.Melodisme yiyi mirimo yuzuyemo ibintu byindirimbo za polklore, imbyino nijambo ryo kubonana. Iyi ni liculiar yamagambo yamagambo yubuzima bwabantu b'abaturage, yatunganijwe binyuze muburyo bw'umwanditsi. Usibye ballas muri iki gihe, 4 Scharzo, Waltza, Mazurki, Polona na nocturons bagaragara muri iki gihe.
Niba waltz mubikorwa bya Chopin ihinduka ubwoko bwihariye bwiyongereye, bifitanye isano rya bugufi nibintu bya hafi nibyabaye mubuzima bwe bwite, hanyuma Mazurimu na Polonesa birashobora kwitwa banki yingurube. Mazurks yerekanwe mubikorwa bya Chopin ntabwo aribikorwa bizwi gusa byamagambo, ariko nanone bikomeye cyangwa, kubinyuranye, kubyina.
Uwahimbye, akurikije igitekerezo cy'urukundo, kigusaba cyane cyane kuranga igihugu cy'abaturage, gikoresha amajwi n'ibiranga imiziki ya Polonye na intonation kugira ngo bikore ibihimbano byayo. Iyi ni bourdon izwi cyane, yigana amajwi yibikoresho bya folklore, iyi niyo syncope ityaye, irimo ubuhanga bwumuziki wa polirent polish wagabanutse.
Umukino mushya ufungura chopin ya Frederick hamwe nineza ya nocturne. Niba izina rya Nocturne ryahuye nubusobanuro bwijambo "nijoro", hanyuma mukazi k'abanyamahanga, iyi nyenzi ihinduka igishushanyo mbonera cy'ikinamico. Niba kandi ibitekerezo byambere bya noctus byumvikana nkibisobanuro byamagambo ya kamere, ibikorwa byanyuma bigenda birushaho kwiyongera murwego rwibyabaye.
Imwe mu hejuru ya Wizard ikuze ifatwa nk'inzira zayo, igizwe na 24 ibanziriza. Yanditswe mu kuvunika ku myaka ya Frederick y'urukundo rwa mbere no guca umubano na bakundwa. Guhitamo ubwoko bwagize ingaruka ku gushimishwa na Chopin muri iki gihe cyo guhanga I. S. Baha.
Kwiga uruzitiro rudapfa rwo kwibasirwa na jugue ya shebuja w'Ubudage, umuhanga mu basore bo muri Polonye basanze kwandika inyandiko isa. Ariko Romance ifite imirimo nkiyi yahawe amabara yumuntu ku mutima. Predode Chopin ni ntoya nini cyane, ariko ibishushanyo byimbitse byuburambe bwimbere bwumuntu. Byanditswe muburyo bwamanota ya muzika akunzwe muri iyo myaka.
Chopin-mwarimu.
Icyamamare cya Chopin ntiziterwa no kubahiriza ibikorwa byayo gusa nibikorwa byigihuruke. Umucuranzi w'umuhanga wo muri Polonye yigaragaje nk'umurimu mwiza. Frederick Chopin ni Umuremyi wubuhanga bwihariye bwa piyasore, cyafashije piyani benshi kugirango babone ubuhanga nyabwo.
Usibye abigishwa b'impaka, Chopin yize imbunda nyinshi kuva ku ruziga rwa Aristocakira. Ariko mubyukuri ibyatsi byose byahimbye kuri Adolf gutman, waje kuba Piyano numuyobozi wumuziki.
Amashusho ya Chopin
Mu nshuti za Chopin, byashobokaga guhura n'abacuranzi n'abahimbyi gusa. Yashimishijwe n'umurimo w'abanditsi, abahanzi b'urukundo, muri kiriya gihe cy'abafotora ba Novice. Murakoze umubano wa Shopile, amashusho menshi yanditswe na ba shebuja batandukanye, uzwi cyane muri bo umurimo wa Ezhen watinze.
Byanditswe muburyo budasanzwe bwurukundo, igishushanyo cyahimbwe kibitswe ubu kuri inzu ndangamurage ya Louvre. Kuri ubu, amafoto yumucuranzi wa Polonye nayo arazwi. Abahanga mu by'amateka bafite byibura dougurotpe eshatu, aho Frederick Chopin yafashwe nubushakashatsi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Frederick Chopin ubuzima bwihariye bwari bubabaje. Nubwo yabyumvikanye n'ubwuzu, uwahimbye rwose ntabwo yahuye n'ibyiyumvo byo kwishima byuzuye bituruka mubuzima bwumuryango. Frederick yatowe bwa mbere ni compatrike ye, umusore Maria Vodziskaya.
Nyuma yo gusezerana urubyiruko, ababyeyi b'umugeni bashyiraho ibisabwa n'ubukwe bitarenze mu mwaka. Muri kiriya gihe, bizeye kwiga igihimwe neza kandi baremeza neza ko amafaranga yayo. Ariko Frederick ntiyasobanuye ibyiringiro byabo, kandi gusezerana.
Umwanya wo gutandukana numucuranzi wakundaga uhangayikishijwe cyane. Ibi byagize ingaruka kumuziki wanditswe nawe muri uwo mwaka. By'umwihariko, muri iki gihe, izina rya kabiri rizwi cyane kuri Sonewata rigaragara munsi y'ikaramu ye, igice gitinze cyitwa "Mours Werurwe".
Nyuma yumwaka umwe, yashimishijwe nuwihariye, Paris yose yari azi. Baroness yitwa Aurora Dudevan. Yari umufana wa feminism yagaragaye. Aurora, ntabwo yagize ipfunwe, yambaye imyambarire y'abagabo, ntabwo yarubatse, ariko akunda umubano w'ubuntu. Umutegarugori ukiri muto, uwo mukobwa ukiri muto yishora mu nyandiko kandi ayoboye ibitabo munsi yizina ryizina rya Georges.
Amateka y'urukundo rwa Chopin w'imyaka 27 na Aurora w'imyaka 33 ariko abashakanye ntibamamaza umubano we kuva kera. Ntanubwo kuri kimwe mu ifoto ye Frederick Chopin ntabwo yafashwe n'abagore be. Ishusho yonyine uwahimbye kandi yashushanyijeho umucanga wa George yarimbuwe, nyuma y'urupfu rwe yavumbuwe igice cyacitse.
Igihe kinini, abakunzi bamaranye na nyirubwite rwihariye rwa Aurora Dudevan i Mallorca, aho Chopin yari ifite indwara, nyuma yatumye hapfa urupfu rurambye. Ikirere cya Stt Kill, umubano mwinshi hamwe nabakunzi hamwe nabatongana kenshi bateye igituntu igituntu kiva mu mucuranzi.
Benshi bamenyerewe bagaragara ko bahuje igitsina bagaragaje ko umuyobozi udasanzwe yagize uruhare rudasanzwe kuri Frederick avuga intege nke avuga. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ntibyamubujije gukora imirimo ye ya piyano.
Urupfu
Chopin Ubuzima, bwibinyabuzima bwa buri mwaka, amaherezo yateweho icyuho kiva mu mucanga wa murumuna we wakundaga cyane mu 1847. Nyuma yibyo, ibyabaye byavunitse mu mico kandi ku mubiri, umugambi wa Piyani watangiye urugendo rwa nyuma y'Ubwongereza, aho yajyanye na Jane y'abanyeshuri arabyutsa. Yagarutse i Paris, yongeye gutanga ibitaramo, ariko bidatinze nta muntu n'umwe wari uzongera guhaguruka.
Funga abantu bari hafi y'uwahimbye iminsi yose ishize ni mushiki we muto ukunzwe ludewick n'inshuti z'Abafaransa. Frederick Chopin yapfuye hagati ya 18 Ukwakira 949. Impamvu y'urupfu rwe yahindutse igituntu kigoye.
Dukurikije Isezerano ry'uwahimbye, umutima we wakuwe mu gatuza ujyana mu gihugu cyabo, kandi umurambo washyinguwe mu mva mu irimbi ry'Abafaransa. Igikombe gifite umutima wuwahimbye kandi uyu munsi gifunze muri kimwe mu matorero gatolika yo mu murwa mukuru wa Polonye.
Inkingi zakundaga cyane Chopin kandi ziracyishimiye ko batekereza neza ko guhanga kwe n'umurage w'igihugu. Mu rwego rwo kuba uwahimbye, ingoro z'umurage nyinshi zirakinguye, mu mijyi yose hari inzibutso mu mucuranzi ukomeye. Amagambo y'iposita ya Frederick n'amagambo ava mu biganza bye arashobora kugaragara mu nzu ndangamurage ya Chopin muri Znilavaya.
Kwibuka uwahimbye, ibigo byinshi byo kwigisha umuziki bitiriwe, harimo no konserwatori wa Warsaw. Izina rya Chopin kuva 2001 ryambara ikibuga cyindege cya Polonye, giherereye ku butaka bwa Warsaw. Igishimishije, imwe muri terminal yitwa "etudes" yo kwibuka ibyaremwe bidapfa.
Izina ryubwenge bwa Polonye rirazwi cyane mubihimbano byumuziki nabateze amatwi basanzwe, ko amwe mumatsinda ya none ayikoresha kandi akemuke amagambo agezweho, kandi yibatigisha ubwanditsi. Muburyo rero bwo kubona ubuntu burashobora kubona ikinamico yumuziki cyitwa "Umuvuko wa Waltz", "Ubusitani bwa Edeni", abanditsi nyabo ba none itsinda ryibanga kandi bahimbye Tasken.
Akazi
- Ibitaramo bya piyano hamwe na orchestre - (1829-1830)
- Mazurki - (1830-1849)
- Polona - (1829-1846)
- Nocturiins - (1829-1846)
- Waltza - (1831-1847)
- SONATA - (1828-1844)
- ITANGAZO - (1836-1841)
- Etides - (1828-1839)
- Scharzo - (1831-1842)
- Ballades - (1831-1842)