Ubuzima
Ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1904, mu muryango wa kato ka Noteri wa Sitalon-Catalon Dali-I-I-Kusi igaragara ku mwana w'umuhungu. Abo bashakanye muri kiriya gihe bamaze kubona kubura imfura yakundaga kuri El Salvador, wapfuye afite imyaka ibiri ukomoka mu bwonko, bityo rero yafashwe umwanzuro w'ubwonko, bityo rero yafashwe umwanzuro wo gutanga izina ku mwana wa kabiri. Byahinduwe mu cyesipanyoli, bisobanura Umukiza.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Nyina wa Do Felipe Domasene yahise atangira guhanagura no gutoza umuhungu we, mu gihe se yakomeje gukomera ku rubyaro rwe. Umuhungu yakuze umwana udasanzwe kandi wiyobye. Amaze kumenya ukuri kuri murumuna we mukuru mu myaka 5, yatangiye kuba muri iki kintu ko yari yaragize uruhare runini mu mutwe we wihuta.
Mu 1908, umukobwa wa Ana Maria Dali yagaragaye mu muryango wa Dali, waje kuba inshuti magara ya murumuna we. Umuhungu ukomoka mu bwana bwa mbere yatwawe no gushushanya, kandi byarahindutse neza. Mu cyumba cyingirakamaro, El Salvador yubatse amahugurwa aho yasezeye ku masaha yo guhanga.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
1929 Yazanye impinduka mubuzima bwite bwa Salvador Dali na bene wabo. Yahuye n'urukundo rwonyine rw'ubuzima bwose - Elena Ivanovna Dyakonov, umwimukira ukomoka mu Burusiya, icyo gihe yari umugore wo mu murima wa Eloara. Yise Gala elur kandi yari akuze mu muhanzi imyaka 10.Nyuma y'inama ya mbere, Dali na Gala ntibigeze bongera gutandukana, kandi se na mushiki we baturuka kuri ubwo bumwe kugira ubwoba. Salvador-Sr. Yambuwe umuhungu we inkunga y'imari yose ku ruhande rwe, kandi Ana Maria yangije umubano wo guhanga. Abakunzi bashya batuye ku nkombe z'umucanga muri casake mu gituba gito ntaho, aho Salvador atangira kurema ibiremwa bye bidapfa.
Nyuma yimyaka itatu, basinya kumugaragaro, kandi mu 1958 ubukwe bwabo bwabaye. Kuva kera, abashakanye babayeho bishimye, mu ntangiriro ya za 1960, imvururu ntiyigeze itangira mu mibanire yabo. Umusaza Gala yifuzaga ko jellies ya kamere hamwe nabahungu bato, kandi Dali atangira gushaka ihumure muruziga rwurubyiruko ruke. Ku mugore we, agura igihome i Polela, ahashobora kuza gusa kubyemerewe gusa.
Hafi yimyaka 8 yingoro ndangamurage nicyitegererezo cy'Ubwongereza cya Amanda Lir, Sal Salvador yari afitanye isano n'imibanire ya Platon gusa, yari ahagije kureba ishyaka rye ry'amasaha kandi yishimira ubwiza bwe. Umwuga Amanda yangije umubano wabo, kandi batanze baticuza.
Kurema
Nubwo ku ishuri ko ku ishuri yitwaye asuzugura kandi ntiyiga, Se yamuhaye amasomo yo gushushanya umuhanzi waho. Mu 1918, imurikagurisha rya mbere ryakazi ryumusore ryabereye muri kavukire. Ahantu nyaburanga byatanzwe kuri yo, igishushanyo cyatanzwe cyahumekeye abaturanyi beza b'umujyi. Kugeza mu myaka yashize, Salvador azakomeza gukunda igihugu cya Kataloniya.
Bimaze kubikorwa byambere byumuhanzi ukiri muto, birashobora kugaragara ko afite umwanda udasanzwe ateza imbere tekinike yinyuguti zamabaruwa, Cubites na Bwengeste. Ku buyobozi bw'ubuhanzi bwa Porofeseri, Abami ba Dali batera amarangi "TenashKA Anna kubera kudoda i Kadaques", "umusaza wacught" n'abandi. Muri iki gihe, umuhanzi ukiri muto akunda abanyaburayi Avant-garde, asoma Ftde, muri Nietzsche. Salvador yaranditse agereranya inkuru nto ku kinyamakuru cyaho. Muri Figueres, itanga ibyamamare.
Iyo umusore ahindukiye 17, umuryango we urimo kubura cyane: Mama yapfuye azize kanseri y'ibere umwaka 47. Se yahawe iherezo ry'ubuzima bwe ntibuzakuraho icyunamo ku mugore we, kandi imico ya El Salvador ubwe izacika intege. Amaze kwiyandikisha muri uwo mwaka muri Madrid Academy yubuhanzi, azahita atangira kwitwara nabi abarimu nabanyeshuri. Amayeri y'ubwibone bw'ubwicanyi bwarakaje mu barimu b'ishuri, maze ahabwa kabiri kwiruka mu kigo cy'uburezi. Ariko, kuguma mu murwa mukuru wa Espagne wemereye umusore yatanze abo bazira ubufasha.
Federico Garcia, Pablo Picasso na Luis Bunuel babaye inshuti, bababajwe cyane no gukura kw'ubuhanzi kuri Salvador. Ariko ntabwo guhanga gusa byahambiriye urubyiruko. Birazwi ko Garcia Lorca ntiyatinyutse icyerekezo cye kidasanzwe, kandi abo gihe ndetse bagabanaga umubano we na Dali. Ariko Salvador ntabwo yari afite abaryamana bahuje igitsina, nubwo nubwo atabintu bye mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.
Imyitwarire idahwitse no kubura amashuri yubuhanzi ntabwo yakumije Salvador yatanze nyuma yimyaka mike kugirango yamenyekane isi. Umukobwa we yabonye mu mugongo yagize ati: "Ishusho ya Port-Aleger", "ishusho y'abagore ku idirishya", "kwishushanya kwiyitirira", "yerekana", "yerekana". " Kandi umurimo w "igitebo gifite umugati" ndetse ukikubita imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga muri Amerika. Icyitegererezo nyamukuru, cyahoraga kivuga umuhanzi gukora amashusho y'abagore muri iki gihe, abaye mushiki we kavukire Ana Maria.
Amashusho meza
Igikorwa cya mbere kizwi cyumuhanzi gifatwa nkurubuga "Guhoraho kwibutsa", cyerekana gutemba kumeza hamwe nisaha yinyuma yinyuma yinyanja. Noneho ifoto iherereye muri Amerika munzu ndangamurage yubuhanzi bugezweho kandi ifatwa nkigikorwa kizwi cyane cya Shebuja. Abifashijwemo na galym bakundwa, iby'ibisobanuro bitangiye kuba mu mijyi itandukanye ya Espanye, ndetse no i Londres na New York.Beriya abona umurinzi wa viscount Charles de Noeil, ku giciro kinini gituruka gushushanya. Kuri aya mafranga, abakunzi babona inzu nziza hafi y'umujyi wa Port Ligata, iherereye ku nyanja.
Muri uwo mwaka, Salvador Dali atuma indi ntambwe ifatika iganisha ku ntsinzi izaza: yifatanije na societe ya surrealist. Ariko hano catalan eccentric ntabwo ihuye nurwego. Ndetse no mu mvururu no guhungabana kw'ubuhanzi gakondo, nka Breton, Arp, de Kiriko, Ernst, Miro, Dali asa n'igikona cyera. Yinjiye mu makimbirane abitabiriye amahugurwa bose mu rugendo kandi amaherezo atangaza ko Credo yarwo - "Ubwuga, njyewe!".
Nyuma yo kugera kuri Hitler ku butegetsi mu Budage, igitekerezo kidashidikanywaho kidasubirwaho n'umunyapolitiki, usanga imvugo yabo mu mirimo y'ubuhanzi, kandi ibi na byo byarakaje bagenzi be. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ku ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Salvador Dali amarira ashingiye ku mibanire n'itsinda ry'abahanzi b'Abafaransa n'amababi muri Amerika.
Muri kiriya gihe, yashoboye kugira uruhare mu gushyiraho film ya Surelinestic Louis Konyuel "Umwana w'imbwa", kandi wasangaga agenda mu ruhame, kandi anashyira ikiganza kuri filime ya kabiri y'incuti ye "Imyaka ya Zahabu". Igikorwa kizwi cyane cyumwanditsi wiki gihe ni "amayobera ya Wilhelm Telly", aho yerekanye umuyobozi w'Abasoviyeti mu birori bya gikomunisiti afite imitsi nini yambaye ubusa.
Mu bushake bubiri bw'iki gihe, bwagaragaye mu imurikagurisha bwite mu Bwongereza, Amerika, Espagne na Paris, burashobora gutandukanywa n "igishushanyo mbonera n'amato, cyangwa intangiriro y'intambara y'abenegihugu." Ishusho yagaragaye uko intambara y'intambara y'abenegihugu muri Espagne muri Espagne, hamwe n '"ikoti y'inzara" na "Omar".
Nyuma yo gusura Ubutaliyani mu 1936, Dali yatangiye kuzerera mu buhanga bw'ububyutse bw'Ubutaliyani. Ibiranga imyigaragambyo byagaragaye mubikorwa bye, byahindutse ikindi cyumvikanyi hamwe nabashinzwe gukiza. Yanditse ati: "Metamorphoz Narcissa", "Espagn". "
Imirimo iheruka muburyo bwo gutanga uburezi ni "ibitotsi bya Venus", byagaragaye i New York. Muri Amerika, umuhanzi ntabwo yishora mu mashusho gusa, arema ibyapa byo kwamamaza, bigize amaduka, akorana na Disney na Hitchcock, ubafashe gushushanya filime. Muri icyo gihe, yanditseho autobiography ye izwi cyane "Umunyamabanga Ubuzima bwa El Salvador Dali, byanditswe na we", ako kanya bigurwa.
Imyaka ishize
Mu 1948, El Salvador Dali asubira muri Espagne, kuri Port Lygat, akanatera "Inzovu", ububabare bwa nyuma bw'intambara. Byongeye kandi, nyuma yo guturika kwa kirimbuzi mu Buyapani, impamvu nshya zigaragara mu mirimo y'ubwenge, zishaka kureba ubuzima bwa molekile na atome, iyobowe na Atome "," atome gutandukana ". Abakenguzamateka bavura iyi canvas muburyo bwibimenyetso byamayobera.
Kuva muri iki gihe, Dali atangira kwandika canvas ku madini y'idini, nka Madonna Port-Lygata, "mu ifunguro rya nimugoroba", bamwe muri bo, bamwe muri bo ndetse bangemerwa na Vatikani. Mu mpera z'imyaka 50, mu gitekerezo cy'incuti ye, umucuruzi ENTRIK Bernata atezimbere ikirango cya bombo izwi cyane ya Chup-Chupa, iyo yari ishusho ya canmomile. Mu buryo bugezweho, buracyakoreshwa nuwamamaza umusaruro.
Umuhanzi ni imbuto nyinshi kubitekerezo kuburyo amuzanira amafaranga make ahoraho. Salvador na Gala bamenyereye umutware wa COCO COCO CHANE kandi bakaba inshuti na we kugeza ubuzima bwe burangiye. Ishusho idasanzwe yahawe ubwanwa bwiwe buzunguruka, yambaraga asanzwe akiri muto, ahinduka ikizere kumwanya we. Isosiyete ikora umuco wumuhanzi.
Ubuhanga buri gihe buzamura abaturage hamwe na antics. Incuro nyinshi arimo gufotorwa ninyamaswa zidasanzwe, kandi rimwe na rimwe zijya gutembera mu mujyi ufite abanyeminya, zemezwa n'amafoto menshi mu bitabo bizwi cyane.
Izuba rirenze rya biografiya yumuhanzi watangiye muri 70 kubera kwangirika kubuzima bwe. Ariko kandi biracyatanga bikomeje gutanga ibitekerezo bishya. Muri iyi myaka, akemura tekinike ya stereoscopique y'urwandiko kandi atera amarozi "Polygidras", "Umurobyi-Submarir", "ole, Ole, Velasquez! Gabor! ". Ubuhanga bwa Espagne butangira kubaka inzu ndangamurage nini yo munzu muri Figuene, yiswe "ingoro yumuyaga". Muri yo, umuhanzi yateguye gushyira amafoto menshi.
Mu ntangiriro za 80, El Salvador Dali yakiriye ibihembo byinshi n'ibihembo biva muri guverinoma ya Espanye, bikozwe n'umuvugizi w'icyubahiro mu gitabo cy'ubuhanzi cya Paris. Ku bushake bwe, bwashyizwe ahagaragara nyuma y'urupfu, Dali, umuhanzi w'Urukiko Eccentric yerekanye ko uko ameze byose ari miliyoni 10 avuga miliyoni 10 avuga ko Espanye.
Urupfu
Muri 70, Salvador itangira kwiyongera kwumva. Birashimishije cyane na salusiyo, kandi ikanababazwa no kuvugurura imiti irenze psychotropic ko abaganga bamuhe. Abaganga ntibafite impamvu bemeza ko bahawe na Schizofrenia, wakiriye ikibazo muburyo bw'indwara za Parkinson.
Buhoro buhoro, indwara ya kera yatangiye gukuraho ubushobozi bwo gukomeza brush mu ntoki no kwandika amashusho. Urupfu rw'umugore we yakundaga mu 1982 rwaranyeje umuhanzi, kandi igihe runaka aryamye mu bitaro akoresheje ibihaha. Nyuma yimyaka 7, umutima wururimi rwa kera ntiruhanganye, kandi apfa azize kubura Myocardial ku ya 23 Gashyantare 1999. Byarangiye rero amateka y'urukundo rwumuhanzi Dali na Muse Galya.