Ubuzima
Oscar Claude Imbere ni imvugo ikomeye, irangi ryashushanyije ubuzima bwanjye bwose. Umuhanzi nuwashinze kandi Teristi yimyumvire yigiti rwabafaransa, yakurikiranye inzira yo guhanga. Uburyo bwiza bwa monet muri impressiyo bifatwa nkibya kera. Kuberako, gutandukanya impikana zirangwa, kurema umukire wumucyo mugihe wanduza ikirere. Mu gushushanya kwe, umuhanzi yashakaga gutanga igitekerezo cyigihe gito kibaho.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Claude Monet yavukiye i Paris ku ya 14 Gashyantare 184. Igihe yari afite imyaka 5, umuryango wimukiye muri Normandia, ugana Gavr. Kw'ishure, umuhungu ntiyatandukanye umwihariko, usibye ku bushobozi bwo gucuruza. Ababyeyi be bari bafite iduka ry'ibiribwa, bari bizeye ko bazabwira umuhungu we. Bitandukanye n'ibyiringiro bya Data, Claude kuva kera birambuye gushushanya, amakarito asize irangi kandi atatekereje guhinduka.
Muri salon yaho, intsinzi ya karicature yashushanijwe na Cleude yagurishijwe kumafaranga 20. Ibyo akunda byagize uruhare mu kumenyera umusore ufite umusirikare mukuru Eugene Baden - uwo ukunda. Umuhanzi yerekanye tekiniki nyamukuru ya pariki ya Novice yo gushushanya muri kamere. Kugira ngo urengere uburenganzira bwo guhitamo umwuga na nyirasenge, bita ku musore nyuma y'urupfu rwa nyina.
Amasomo na Ball yavumbuye umuhamagaro we wukuri mbere yumuhanzi uzaza - kwandika kamere muri kamere. Mu 1859, Claude jya murugo i Paris. Hano akorera muri studio kubahanzi bakennye, basura imurikagurisha na galeries. Iterambere ry'impano ryabujijwe n'ingabo. Mu 1861, bashishikarizwa mu gisirikare mu ngabo z'abanyamafarasi bahereza muri Alijeriya.
Mu myaka irindwi yashize muri serivisi, azamara imyaka ibiri, nkuko abarwayi na tifoyide. 3 Amafaranga ibihumbi n'ibihumbi yafashijwe gusubira mu rugo kuri we, nyirasenge yishyuye kugura mwishywa kuva mu gisirikare. Nyuma yo gukira indwara, inzangano yinjira mu ishami ry'ubuhanzi bwa kaminuza, ariko yatengushye vuba. Ntabwo akunda uburyo bwo gutegeka bwo gushushanya.
Gutangira guhanga
Icyifuzo cyo kwiga kiwuyobora kuri studio cyateguwe na charlock Gleir. Hano ahura na Renoir ya Auguste, Alfred Sislaj na Basile Frederic. Muri iryo shuri, kumenya Pissarro na Cezarne byabaye. Abahanzi bato bari mu kigero kimwe, bari bafite ibitekerezo bisa kubuhanzi. Bidatinze, babaye amagufwa, guhuza abantu.
Igishushanyo cya Camilla Donsal, cyakozwe n'Umuhanzi mu 1866 kandi cyashyizwe ahagaragara muri salon, kimumenyera. Igikorwa cya mbere gikomeye nicyo gishushanyo "cya mugitondo ku byatsi" (1865-1866), cyanditswe na we nyuma yo guharanira Manne. Claude Zitandukanye zari inshuro enye mubunini. Ibigize ifoto biroroshye cyane - itsinda ryabagore bakomeye nabagabo biherereye ku isi.
Agaciro k'ishusho kari mu gushimangira imigendekere yikirere, ashimangirwa ninkoni yinyandiko. Ntiyageze mu imurikagurisha, kuko umuhanzi nta gihe bwo kongera umwenda munini. Ibikoresho bya Claud byari byagombaga kugurisha ifoto kugirango wibagirwe inzara kandi ntukabe inshuti. Ahubwo, umuhanzi ashyira "umudamu mucyatsi" (Igishushanyo cya K. Doux).
Umugore wa metero ebyiri zikurikira "mu busitani" ni wanditswe neza muri PlenIer. Kugenzura urumuri rwifuzwa, umuhanzi yacukuye umwobo ukwemerera kwimura tovas hejuru no hepfo. Nabwirijwe gutegereza igihe kinini cyo gutegereza urumuri rwiburyo, kandi nyuma yibyo bifatwa kuri brush. Nubwo yashakaga kugera ku butungane, inteko y'abacamanza b'umurimo wa Salon wanze.
Impressiyo
Icyerekezo gishya mu gushushanya, izina "impressiyo", ryabaye iy'ihatirwa mu gishushanyo. Umva imbaraga zibibaye no kuyishyikiriza kuri canvas ninshingano zivuga ko zishyira imbere yabo. Claude Monet yari uhagarariye neza kandi washinze iki cyerekezo. Yari umuhanzi ufite imbohe uhindura ubwiza busanzwe, umwanya wumwanya ukikije.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1869, muri rusange, ava ku byishimo i Buzheville. Mu gushushanya gushya byanditswe na Skike nini y'abashumba, yanze igicucu kivanze. Yanditse ibara ryubusa kandi yituma ibintu byinshi bivumburwa bijyanye no gushushanya, ibintu byo gucana, bigira ingaruka ku ibara ry'igicucu kizengurutse, n'ibindi. Ibi byagaragaye kandi byateje imbere iterambere ryimyumvire - icyerekezo cyiza mubuhanzi bugaragara.
Hamwe n'ikibazo cy'intambara ya Franco-Prussian Claude Monet, igerageza guhunga ingabo, igendera mu Bwongereza. Ntiyashyigikiye Napoleon III kandi yari umuntu wemeye. Mu Bwongereza, amenyana na Paul Duran-Ruelem - ugurisha amashusho. Bazaba inshuti nziza nabafatanyabikorwa. Pawulo azagura umuhanzi benshi bashushanya iki gihe cyumurimo we.
Amafaranga yo kugurisha yemerewe kugura inzu mu gihugu cye, i Argente, yabayeho muri we imyaka mike yishimye kugeza 1878. Muri kiriya gihe, umuhanzi akora neza, arema amashusho ye, harimo nakazi kazwi cyane ka Claude Monet ". Izuba rirashe ". Izina ry'iri gucoma ryerekana ishingiro ry'imyumvire kandi ryakoreshejwe n'abanenga kugira ngo hamenyekane icyerekezo gishya mu gushushanya. "Sunrise" yagaragajwe mu 1974 i Paris.
Ifaranga ryinshi ryishyura abahimbano: kwerekana ibitekerezo bya Londres, Cathedrale yangiritse, ibirindiro, Ibikoresho, Ibikoresho. Mu buryo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo, bituma bimurikira bitewe nuburwayi, igihe cyumunsi numwaka, ukoresheje palette ijwi rya buri gihugu. Gusobanura ibishushanyo mbonera byamagambo akomeye, biragoye guhitamo amagambo, bakeneye kumva no gusobanukirwa.
Ubuzima muri Giverny
Amafaranga ya podapive, Mone agenga ibibazo byubukungu bwa E. Gose. Guhomba k'umucuruzi bihatira imiryango guhuza umurwa mukuru no kwimukira mu mudugudu wa kurimbura. Hano, ibintu bibabaje bifitanye isano nurupfu rwumugore we kibaho mubuzima bwe, hanyuma umuhungu. Mu 1883, umuryango wa Monet wimukiye mu mudugudu wa Zhiverni, uherereye ku nkombe nziza ya Seine. Muri iki gihe, amafoto ye yagurishijwe neza, yakopishijeho kumererwa neza, igice cyarangije kwagura ubusitani bwe.
Birazwi ko umuhanzi uzwi cyane na we yari umurimyi yaremye ubusitani bwe imyaka 43. Yabonye kunyurwa atari mu guhinga ibimera gusa no gutekereza ku mirimo ye. Mu myaka ya nyuma y'ubuzima bwa Monet, yajyanye na Eliya mu busitani bwe bushimishije maze ashushanya byinshi. Umukozi ukomeye n "" imbata yubucuruzi bwabo ", nkuko yiyise, yagerageje kugera ku butungane mu iyimurwa ry'ubwiza bw'ibidukikije kuri canvas.
Muri iki gihe, umuhanzi ayobora tekinike nshya. Yanditse kubishushanyo byinshi icyarimwe. Rero, iragerageza gufata itara rihinduka. Isomo ryo gushushanya hejuru yishusho imwe rishobora kuba igice cyisaha, hanyuma anyura ahanini gufata no kwerekana ikindi cyiciro. Kurugero, urukurikirane rw'ibishushanyo bye hamwe n'ishusho ya Cape Antibes ihagarariwe mu gitondo, saa sita, impeshyi, mu mpeshyi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umugore wa mbere wumuhanzi yari Camilla Donsal, yifotoza "umudamu wambaye icyatsi" nibindi bishushanyo. Yabyaye abahungu babiri bafite itandukaniro ry'imyaka 11. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugore we yakundaga, uwo bahoraga kuri Simulator, umuhanzi ahuza umubano na Alice. Kumuro, bazahinduka umugabo numugore we nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugabo we Ernest. Alice ntiyabaye mu 1911, nyuma yimyaka itatu, umuhungu we w'imfura Jean yavuye mu buzima.
Imashini ya Clud Claud ishyirwa mumashusho 3 yambere ahenze cyane. Impuzandengo y'ibishushanyo ni miliyoni 7.790. Ibyo bihenze muri bo ("Lili y'amazi", (1905) bivugwa ku nzu ndangamurage z'isi yose. Uburusiya, Ubwongereza na Amerika ni ba nyir'umurage w'umuhanzi.
Urupfu
Umuhanzi yabayeho igihe kirekire, yimukiye mubikorwa bibiri kugirango akureho catara, nyuma yimyumvire ye yahindutse. Ultraviolet yatangiye kubona muri lilac cyangwa ibara ryubururu. Ibi birashobora kugaragara mumashusho ye yanditse nyuma yo kubaga. Urugero rwimirimo nkiyi ni "Lili y'amazi". Muri kiriya gihe, igihe kinini cyamamara mu busitani, atera isi y'amazi n'amazi ku mazi ye. Urukurikirane ruzwi rwanyuma rwitsinda ryayo ruhagarariwe nibice bitandukanye namazi lili nibindi bimera byo mu mazi.
Umuhanzi muri Giverni yapfuye azize ku ya 5 Ukuboza 1926. Kuva kanseri y'ibihaha mu myaka 86, bamaze kurokoka abantu benshi bahenze. Mu gutsimbarara kwe, umuhango wo gusezera wariyoroshye kandi udasiba. Gusezera kumuhanzi haje abantu 50. Yashyinguwe monet ku irimbi ry'itorero.
Amashusho azwi cyane
- "Abagore mu busitani" (1866)
- "Terase muri Aderesi ya Saint" (1867)
- "Thames munsi ya Westminster (ikiraro cya Westminster)" (1871)
- "Impression: Kuzamuka izuba" (1872)
- "Umwanya wa Makov wo muri Arijanti" (1873)
- "Kapuchin boulevard" (1873)
- "Genda ku rutare muri Purville" (1882)
- "Umukecuru ufite umutaka" (1886)
- "Cathedrale ya RURAN: Ubwinjiriro nyamukuru bw'izuba" (1894)
- "Lili ya Amazi" ("Nimfei") (1916)
Amashusho ahenze cyane
- "Imitima y'amazi", (1905) - miliyoni 43 z'amadolari.
- "Ikiraro cya gari ya moshi muri Argene" (1873) - miliyoni 41 z'amadolari.
- "Lili ya mazi" (1904) - miliyoni 36 z'amadolari.
- "Ikiraro cya Storloo. Igicu "(1904) - miliyoni 35 z'amadolari.
- "Inzira igana ku giti" (1900) - miliyoni 32 z'amadolari.
- "Icyuzi n'amazi ari indabyo z'amazi" (1917) - miliyoni 24 z'amadolari.
- "Poplar" (1891) - miliyoni 22 z'amadolari.
- "Inzu y'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko. Urumuri rw'izuba mu gihu "(1904) - miliyoni 20 z'amadolari.
- "Inteko ishinga amategeko, izuba rirenze (1904) - miliyoni 14 z'amadolari.