Ubuzima
Titov Herman Stepnoanovich - Comamonity ya Usss, biografiya yinjiye mu mateka ya Soviet na bagenzi be b'isi. Yakoze indege ya kabiri nyuma Yuri Gagarin mu cyiciro cy'isi kandi amara mu mwanya urenze umunsi, akora impinduramatwara 17 ku isi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Kazoza cosmoniut yavutse ku ya 11 Nzeri 1935 mu mudugudu wa Verkh-Zhilino Kosikhinsky y'akarere ka Altayi. N'Ikimenyetso cy'Abahungu ba Zodiac - Virgo. Padiri Stan Pavlovich Titov, Ikirusiya nubwenegihugu, yigishije ururimi rwe kavukire nubuvanganzo mu ishuri ryo mu cyaro. Yakundaga imivugo ya Alexander Cushkin, we ubwe yanditse ibisigo, akora amashusho no gucuranga ibikoresho bya muzika. Alexander Mikhailovna yari umugore wo mu rugo.
Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1941, Titov yavutse ari umukobwa, wa Pate wa Stepan Pavlovich yahamagariye icyubahiro cy'intwari ya sushya Zemfura. Nyuma yaho, mushiki we Herman yakiriwe n'inyigisho za farumasi, yabaye umukozi w'ubuyobozi bwa farumasi bw'akarere ka Moscou.
Mu gihe cy'intambara, se yagiye imbere, nyina abana be bimukiye muri komini Gicurasi mu gitondo, aho umusaza yarangije amashuri abanza. Nyuma ya Satov, umuryango wimukiye mu mudugudu wa Polikovnikovo, no mu kindi myaka 4 - muri Nipul. Herman yize neza kandi burigihe yishimisha ababyeyi bafite ibigereranyo byinshi.
Icyogajuru
Hermann Titov umwuga watangiye nkumuderevu wa gisirikare. Mu 1955, umusore yinjiye mu ishuri ry'indege rya Kustanai. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, Herman yabaye umusirikare w'ishuri rishinzwe kurwanya indege ya Stilingrad, ikarangirana n'icyubahiro kandi ikakira impamyabumenyi y'igisirikare cya gisirikare. Hermann Stepanovich yoherejwe mu rugo rw'imari indege iherereye ku butaka bw'akarere ka Leningrad. Mu gihe cya serivisi mu kirere, Hermann Titov yakoze urugendo 800 ku ndege ya gisirikare hamwe na moteri ya reactive na piston. Kurutonde rwindege, gusimbuka igihumbi na parasute.
Mu 1960, Umudage Titov yemejwe n'itsinda ry'ingabo za USSR. Yinjiye muri cosmoniaut makumyabiri ya mbere, barimo gutegura E. Karpov, V. Yazdovsky, N. Gurovsky, O. Genganko, A. Gennko. Titov yatojwe hamwe na Valer bykovsky, Andria Nikolaev, Andria Nikolaev, Pavel Popovich, Alexei Leonov. Hermann Titov yerekanye ibisubizo byiza kandi yagizwe Doupler Yuri Gagarin mugihe witegura indege yambere.
Komisiyo idasanzwe ya leta yakemuye ikibazo uwo mbere yohereza mu kirere. Ku ya 8 Mata, kandidatiya ya Yuri Gagorin yariyemeje gukora indege itombuye ku isi, yabereye ku butumburuke bwa km 180-230 ikazarangira kugwa mu gace runaka.
Birababaje cyane nyuma yo kohereza icyogajuru muri orbit nicyo cyiteze kugaruka kwe gutera imbere. Indege yakozwe muburyo busanzwe, kandi yamaze kuba ku ya 14 Mata, umusute ukomeye yabereye i Moscou mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro indege ya mbere y'umuntu mu kirere. Ako kanya imyiteguro ya Herman Titov, wagombaga gukora imirimo yagutse.
Nyuma yo gutangiza roketi ku muntu uri mu bwato, umutware w'ijipo yakomeje gutegura, no ku ya 6-7. Ubwato bwa Combmmoniot ya kabiri bwa GSSR yitwa "Iburasirazuba-2". Mu kirere, Ubudage Stepanovich bwari amasaha 25, yakoze imyaka 17 muri orbit, yari ku birometero 70.
Cosmonaut mu rwego rw'akazi mu kirere, hageragejwe n'intoki z'uko icyogajuru cyageragejwe, harimo na maneuvers zitandukanye. Titov yabanje kugerageza ifunguro rya nimugoroba, uryamye muburemere. Herman yakoze amafoto yumubumbe uva mu kirere.
Capsule hamwe na cosmoniut yaguye mu karere ka Saratov iruhande rw'umujyi wa Kut itukura. Muguruka hamwe na Tentov hari urubanza rusekeje. Yagabanijwe igihe cyo gusinzira - kuva saa kumi n'ebyiri kugeza nijoro. Ariko, kubyuka iminota 10 mbere yiki gihe kirangiye, Herman yahisemo gufata agatotsi kandi aryama iminota 35. Uru rubanza rwarumiwe anecdote, ruvuga radiyo nimpuruza za Arumeniya byayo.
Nyuma yibutse indege, Herman Titov yabwiye ikindi kintu, byahise bimurira kumanuka. Yambaye Skateman wa Astroniaut hamwe na parasute inyuma ye, abaturage bo muri ako gace bakirwaga ry'Abaskuti kandi ntibahaguruka igihe kirekire mbere y'ibintu bisobanuye. Kugaruka kwa cosmonaut byabyaye ibihuha bijyanye n'uburwayi bwa radiali, bwatangiye mu Budage nyuma yindege. Byaravuzwe ko umuderevu yari afite uruhara, yabaye impumyi atakaza amahirwe yo kubyara. Izi huru zishimisha Herman n'umuryango we, hanyuma bamaze kuvuka abakobwa babiri, ibiganiro bya Cosmoniut byatanzwe.
Hermann Titov yari afite imyaka 25 gusa, kandi yabaye umuderevu muto gusa, asura orbit mumateka yinyenyeri. Imirimo ye y'akazi yagutse, maze aba ikizamini cy'icyitegererezo.
Ku ya 10 Kanama, Herman Titov yahawe icyubahiro umutwe w'intwari ya Ussr, umuderevu wa Cosmon yahawe gahunda ya Lenin na "SHAKA" ". Usibye ibihembo by'abasoviyeti, hari kandi imidari n'amabwiriza y'Ibihugu: Vietnam, Mongoliya, Buligariya, muri Rumaniya, Kongo.
Titov - Umwanditsi 6 ibitabo byeguriwe umwanya. Ibyamamare muri bo ni "kilometero 700 mu kirere", "umwanya wa cumi na zirinda" wanditswe mu 1961-1962.
Mu rwego rw'ikipe ya mbere, Hermann Titov yari mu myaka 10. Muri icyo gihe, yarangije acadesie y'ikirere, yagize uruhare muri gahunda yo guhugura mu kirere, afite indege ya Leta MIG-21 na Su-13, Yak-Yak-25rv, n'ibindi mu 1970 Umwaka w'Abadage Titov winjiye mu ishuri rya gisirikare ry'abakozi bakuru.
Hermann Titov yitabiriye inshuro nyinshi mu guhanga ibyatsi bya dosiye na firime zizwi. Mu 1961, yabaye intwari ya kaseti "Moscou ahura na astroniuut-2" kandi "gusubira ku nyenyeri." Umwaka umwe, inyandiko yigitabo cya cosmonaut "700,000 kilometero 700.000 mumwanya", film "mugihe cya 35 hakurya ya kaburimbo" yagaragaye ku bihugu bya Titov mu bihugu byo mu mugabane wa Aziya.
Mu kinyejana gishya kubyerekeye cosmonaut, kaseti ya documentaire "isegonda. Hermann Titov "," Hermann Titov. Uwa mbere nyuma ya GAgarin, "" Hermann Titov. Inyenyeri hejuru ya Altai. " Ishusho yicyogajuru igaragara kuri ecran ya ecran vadim michman, ikina muri ikinamico yubuhanzi "gagarin. Ubanza mu kirere. " Muri firime, yaroslav, mumbabarire, Mikhail Filippov, Vladimir GlipKov, Inga Obold, na we yakinnye.
Nyuma y'ishuri rirangiye, Umudage Titov yagizwe umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe imicungire y'ibikorwa by'umwanya wa Minisiteri ishinzwe Ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti. Kuva mu 1973, yakoraga ku nzego ngengamikorere kuri gahunda z'ubushakashatsi mu murima w'abastautics. Abitabiriye Hetov, umushinga watangijwe ku ireme ry'amato yo mu nyanja kitoroshye, cyane cyane ubwato "mu matsinda ya Marshal".
Kuri 45, Hermann Stepanovich yaburanyije umukandida we ku izina rya gisirikare, izina rya muganga wa siyanse ryahawe hagati mu 1980. Mu 1988, Herman Titov yahawe izina rya Coloneli-Jenerali Jenerali.
Mu 1991, Ikidage Titov yeguye ku bubiko, ariko ntiyigeze asiga umwanya. Titov yifatanije n'umwanya wa Perezida w'ikigo mpuzamahanga "Kosmoflot", imyaka 2 yabaye umuyobozi wungirije w'inama y'ikigo cyo guhindura. Mu 1999, yerekeje federasiyo ya Cosmonatique ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya.
Ubuzima bwe bwose, Umudage Titov yishora mu kibazo cyo gukora iperereza ku mpamvu z'urupfu rwa cobera kandi zabanjirije Yuri Gagorin. Muri Werurwe 2001, Herman yari agiye kurangiza ubushakashatsi, ariko nta mwanya yari afite.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwumudereva wa Cosmout bwahujwe numugore umwe. Mu 1958, Ukraine Tamara Vasilyevna Cherkas aba umugore wa Hermann Titov, aho umuderevu yahuye, akaba umunyeshuri wishuri. Mu 1963, umukobwa wa mbere wa Tatiana yavukiye mu muryango w'igicuraliyani, maze mu myaka ibiri - Galina.
Umukobwa w'imfura nyuma y'ishami ry'ubukungu bwarangiye muri Mrimumo ryakoraga muri Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi bw'amahanga. Mu 1989 yari afite umuhungu Andrei. Junior Galina, arangije Ikigo cy'Abasemuzi bya Gisirikare, yakoraga nk'umuryango w'abibumbye mu Burusiya.
Urupfu
Hermann Stepanovich yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye kubera ikibazo cy'umutima afite imyaka 65, 20 Nzeri 2000. Imva ye iherereye ku irimbi rya Novodevichy. Kwibuka n'Ubudage Titov byari bidapfa mu turere twinshi. Mu cyubahiro cye, amazina y'ikiruhuko ku kwezi, ikirwa n'umusozi uhimbwe mu nyanja, ndetse n'inzego, Aeroflot, amashuri, imikino ngororamubiri.
Mu mijyi y'Uburusiya n'abahoze muri Repubulika ya GSSR, imihanda irenga 45 yitiriwe Herman Titov. Imyaka 11 nyuma y'urupfu rw'umuderevu mu gihugu gito, mu nyubako y'ishuri Sela Polkovnikovo, aho Herum yiganye kandi yigisha Se, inzu ndangamurage y'urwibutso yarakinguye.
Ibihembo
- 1961 - Intwari ya Leta zunze ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti
- 1961 - Ibicuruzwa bibiri bya Lenin
- 1961 - Umudari "Ku Iterambere ryibihugu byisugi"
- 1961 - Yubashywe na Master ya Siporo ya Ussr
- 1976 - ITEKA RY'UMURIMO W'UMURIMO W'UMURIMO
- 1985 - Urutonde rwa Revolution
- 1991 - Wubashywe Inzobere z'ingabo za USSR
- 1995 - ITEKA "KUBYEREKEYE KUBYEREKANA RYA PARALAND" III
- 2000 - Gushimira Perezida wa Federasiyo y'Uburusiya