Ubuzima
Ku mubare w'imigenzo izwi cyane ku isi irashobora kwitirirwa umuryango wa Rothschilds. Uwashinze yabaye Mayer Amshel Bauer (Rothschild) - Umuyahudi w'umukene wo muri Ghetto, wandukuye Leta yose ku kugurisha ibiceri n'imidari, guhana amafaranga, ibisebe. Noneho imari ya rothschild ni tiriyari yamadorari, ariko ishingiye ku myanga kandi ishingiye ku myenda y'ingoma y'ingoma, ndetse n'inama zayo zishimishije z'abakomoka no kwiyongera.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Meyer Amshel Bauer yavukiye muri Frankfurt Am Main ku ya 23 Gashyantare 1744 mu muryango w'Abayahudi bakennye. Ababyeyi b'umukobwa uzaza babaga muri Ghetto, wari uri hagati y'urukuta rw'umujyi na mo. Data Mayer, Ashiel Mose Bauer, yakomeje ibiro bihindutse, byazwiho ikimenyetso cye gitukura (mu kidage - "ibora Schild"). Iri zina ryafashwe nkizina rizwi cyane umuryango, ibinyejana byinshi bifitanye isano n'ubutunzi no kwinezeza.
Ubwa mbere, ababyeyi bohereje Mayer Ishuri ryabayahudi (IEsehiva). Byafashwe ko ejo hazaza umuhungu azaba Rabi. Yize neza, ariko ntiyagaragaje ko ashishikajwe n'idini. Mfite imyaka 12, Meyer yimukiye i Hannover, aho yize ubucuruzi bw'imari mu nzu y'ubucuruzi bwa oppenheimer. Muri iki kigo, umusore yize ibimenyetso byamafaranga yamahame y'Ubudage kandi amenya ibiciro byo kungurana.
Ubucuruzi
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'ababyeyi mu 1760, Mayer yasubiye mu mujyi yavukiyemo maze akomeza urugendo rwa se. Umusore yari afite impano yubucuruzi, bityo rero yahanganye no kugurisha imidari nibiceri. Kubera ubumenyi n'ubushobozi bwe, Meyer yabonye ubutware muribihimbano bya kera. Bidatinze Amshel Bauer yandukuye amafaranga akenewe yo gufungura intebe ya kera muri Ghetto. Ngaho, Rothschild yabatojwe muguhana amafaranga abatware b'Abadage kandi yinjije ku itandukaniro mu masomo. Maye kandi yateje ingingo ya mbere yo kuvunja ifaranga.
Meyer Rothschild ntabwo yakoresheje amafaranga yoroshye cyangwa ubuzima bwiza, kandi ashyira mubucuruzi bwumusambanyi, kugura imidari nibiceri ku giciro cyo guterana. Muri icyo gihe, umusore yazamuye neza ibisobanuro bya kataloge anaboherereza intara yumushinga. Bidatinze, akazi gakomeye k'umuyobozi yatanze ibisubizo byifuzwa. Yamenyereye Karl Friedrich Budrus - abayobozi ba Wilhelm Hessen. Budyrus yashyize hamwe umwanzuro wibikorwa byambere hagati yumwamikazi na rothschild.
Rero, kuva 1764, umucuruzi ukiri muto yatangiye guha ibiciriri na zahabu kwa Hesse-kassel. Umutware w'inzu - Wilhelm íh yari umuhanga kandi akaba ukusanya imidari n'ibiceri. Murakoze ku nyungu rusange, Meyer yegereye igishushanyo, cyagize ingaruka nziza kubundi buzima bwabagabo.
Mu 1769, Mayer yabaye umukozi wubucuruzi wa Wilhelm Hessensky anabisobanukirwa mubimenyetso byayo. Yagaragaje ko yiyemezamirimo ukiri muto mu bindi mihanda yo gutaza no kuba yaranyuze hagati y'imiyoborere y'Ubudage.
Wilhelm Hessian yari igishushanyo cy'Ubudage kandi cyinjiza abasirikare bahawe akazi. Rothschild yayoboye ejo hazaza h'Umwami wa Frankfurt, yashyizeho itumanaho na banki ya Londres, yishyurwa ibiciro by'ingabo n'ubuzima bwiza, kandi yitegereza itangwa ry'ibiryo byose bikenewe, ibisigazwa, n'ibindi. Byongeye kandi, Meyer Rothschild yari azi uburyo bwo kubika amabanga igishushanyo cyari gifite byinshi. Wilhelm ifite abaragwa bane byemewe n'abana 22 batunze.
Hamwe n'imikorere igenda neza y'inshingano, Mayer yari yiteze igihembo - kubaha no mu rwego rw'amafaranga yinjiza Wilhelm íh. Amakosa ashobora kuzana imyanda yo guhomba, urukiko ndetse n'urupfu. Nyamara, umusore ushoboye yahanganye n'imirimo ye, kandi uburinzi bwa perron nziza yafashije umucuruzi gushyira urufatiro rw'ubutunzi bwite.
Inzira nyabagendwa zatandukanijwe n'ubucuruzi. Meyer yari azi kubona inzira yo kuva mubihe bigoye yinyungu kuri we. Kurugero, gutwara amafaranga muri kiriya gihe bihenze kandi byari biteje akaga, kuko umuhanda wakoraga mumihanda. Ariko Meyer yazanye uburyo bwo kwirinda ingaruka zitari ngombwa: yaguze kandi agurisha ibicuruzwa.
Ibi nibyo Rothschild yakoze igihe yafataga amafaranga muri banki y'Ubwongereza kuri konti y'indishyi ya Wilhelm Hessian. Kuri aya mafranga, Meyer Cheszovo yabonye ipamba n'ubwoya, nubwo yakiriye kugabanuka kugushimira kwishyura amafaranga. Umucuruzi ntabwo yagombaga gutwara amafaranga mu Bwongereza, hanyuma ajya i Frankfurt. Ahubwo, Mayer yazanye ibicuruzwa, amusubiza ku giciro cyo guterana, yasubije amafaranga Wilhelm maze abona inyungu.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, Landgraf yakuweho Rothschild avuye mu misoro mu 1802. Nyuma yimyaka ine, igihe bahungiye i Prague ingabo za Napoleon, Wilhelm, wabaye Kurfüürste Hessian, yakoze imitako. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Meyer ntiyigeze agumana umurwa mukuru wa Murfillion ya Kurfirst, ariko akomeza gukusanya imyenda no kongera igihugu cya Patron.
Nyuma yigihe, Rothschild yahujwe nurubanza rwabahungu bakuze. Imitsi ibiri mikuru yabanje kuba abakozi b'ikigega cya gisirikare cya Lesse, hanyuma bashyirwaho n'abatwara amafaranga Franz II, nk'uko bamenyekanye ku ntambara za Napoleonic, kuzuza inshingano z'abatanga ingabo.
Muri 1810, Rothskild yashyize urufatiro rukomeye rwo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwumuryango, kurema ikigo munsi yizina ryerekana "meyer Ambrel Rothschild nabahungu". Muri icyo gihe, se yatumye abahungu ba bagenzi babo b'isosiyete. Amasezerano yerekanaga umubare rusange w'ikigo - ibihumbi 800, byatanzwe hagati ya se n'abahungu. Ariko mugukemura ibibazo byingenzi, ijambo ryanyuma ryagumye kuri Mayer. Umujyi n'abakobwa bambuwe uburenganzira bwo kureba ibyangombwa by'isosiyete. Data yashimangiye ko amakimbirane hagati y'abavandimwe yakemuwe mu mahoro no mu muryango w'umuryango, kandi ihazabu yatangijwe kujurira urukiko.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Rothschild yashakanye muri 1770 kuri gutle Schnarker - Impyisi ya Salomo Schnooj umukobwa. Itandukaniro riri hagati yimyaka yimyaka 10: Mayer yari afite imyaka 27, n'umugeni we na we yari umucuruzi kandi aha umucuruzi kandi aha umukobwa wa 2400 umukobwa we. Guhitamo umusore ukiri muto byagenze neza: umugore we yari umugore woroshye kandi wubukungu.
10 Abana bavukiye mu muryango wa Rothschild: Jealtte (1771), Ambrel (1773), Salomo (1774.r), Nathan (1781 G.), Kalman (1788), Juli (1790 G.), Herrieltta (1791) na Yakobo (1792.r).
Nyuma yaho, umukobwa wa Rothschild yashakanye n'abahagarariye imiryango y'Abayahudi b'icyubahiro: inyo, Baifusi, Zichel na Montefiore.
Umugore wa Mayer Rothschild yita ku bana n'imiryango. Umugore ntabwo yavuye mu gihembwe cy'Abayahudi kandi akaba mu nzu yoroheje. Umutware wumuryango nawe yahisemo ubukungu bwimboneranye. Amashusho yateganijwe ya Mayer ahamya ubworoherane no gusiga Roshchik na Banki, nubwo ubutunzi bwegeranijwe.
Urupfu
Nyuma yimyaka ibiri nyuma yo gushinga isosiyete, Meyer yahinduye Isezerano. Abangarwanda bumvise uburyo bwo gupfa kandi bagashaka kurinda abakomokaho. Rero, Rothschild yagurishije igice cye, ububiko bwa divayi hamwe nimpapuro ku bahungu ibihumbi n'ibihumbi ibihumbi 190. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imyanya ye itanu yabaye nyiri bonyine muri sosiyete, kandi umukwe n'abakobwa bakuwe mu bucuruzi bwumuryango.
Amafaranga yakiriwe, umusaza yasize ibyifuzo bihumbi 70, kandi amafaranga asigaye yatandukanijwe hagati y'abakobwa. Muri icyo gihe, meyer yihuta abana kugirango bakomeze ubucuti no kubyemera umuryango. Muri iki gihe, amabwiriza y'abanyemari bafite impano kandi se wita ku bandi arasenywa na ayo magambo maze aba mu mateka y'ingoma izwi.
Uwashinze ingoma ya Rothschild yapfuye ku ya 19 Nzeri 1812, asohokana na we ubucuruzi bwashinzwe. Leta ya Mayer yikubye yikubye kabiri mu mutungo wa banki y'Ubufaransa kabiri, ariko, amafaranga nyayo y'amafaranga yinjijwe na Rothschild ntiyashoboraga gushingwa. Byafashwe ko Meyer yatanze abayobozi b'umusoro bonyine ibitabo, ndetse no mu bandi yanditse ibikorwa by'ibanga.
Abahungu ba Mayeri Amblue Bauer yakomeje kuba ikibazo cyatangiriye na Se. Bidatinze, batangiye guhamagara "intoki eshanu z'ukuboko kumwe." Batwaye mu mijyi itandukanye y'Uburayi kandi barema umuyoboro mugari wa banki. Umuhungu mukuru Amshel yategekaga ibibazo by'inzu y'ababyeyi i Frankfurt. Umuhungu ufite impano cyane Nathan yashinze isosiyete i Londres. Indogobe ya Salomo i Vienne, Kalman yahisemo mirongo ine kuri we, kandi James ajya gutsinda Paris. Bahoraga bashyigikira isano iri hagati yabo, basangiye amakuru yingenzi kandi hamwe yubatse ingoma yimari. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubuzima bwumuryango uzwi cyane bufatanije namateka yuburayi.
Ndetse ubungubu imbaraga za rothschild zikurikiza neza amabwiriza ya generator. Abagize umuryango bafite urugwiro hagati yabo kandi nibiba ngombwa, bashyigikirana. Byongeye kandi, kubushake bwa manger, abakomokaho bihishe bitonze ubunini bwurugingo yabo. Uyu munsi, umurwa mukuru wumuryango ufite nibura tiriyari 32, kandi buri munyamuryango wintangarugero igera kuri miliyari 1.
Amagambo
- Kugira ngo ubone ibintu byinshi, ubutwari bwinshi burakenewe kandi bwitonda.
- Reka ngenzure ikibazo cyamafaranga muri leta, kandi simbyitayeho mbere yo kwandika amategeko ye.
- Ntuzigera ushobora gutandukana, gushaka inyungu.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Ingoma ya Rothschild ni imyambi itanu ihujwe na lente. Igereranya ubumwe bwabahungu batanu ba Mayeri Ampbel.
- Intego ya Rothschilds ni "Contordia, Integrica, Inganda" ("uruhushya, ubumwe, umwete").
Kode ya Rothschild
- Inyandiko zose zingenzi mumuryango zigomba gufata abo mu muryango gusa. Gusa abakomoka kuri abagabo barashobora kwitabira ibibazo, abaragwa b'abagabo gusa. Umuhungu w'imfura aba umutware w'umuryango, niba abavandimwe batanze ubumwe batazi undi (byabaye mu 1812, Natani atorwa mu rugo).
- Abagabo bagize umuryango bagomba kurongora babyara babo cyangwa bashiki bacu bakuru (kugirango umutungo ugumetse mumuryango). Abakobwa bagomba kurongora bastocrats, gukomeza kwizera kwabo.
- Umutungo wumuryango ntigomba gusobanurwa, ingano yimiterere ntishobora gutangazwa no kubushake cyangwa murukiko. Uruhushya rwo gutangaza gusa mu muryango, wireme ubumwe bwinzu.
- Sangira inyungu kimwe, ubeho mubwumvikane, urukundo nubucuti.
- Buri gihe ujye wibuka ko kwiyoroshya biganisha ku butunzi.