John Rockefeller - Biography, ifoto, ibitabo, intsinzi hamwe nimvugo

Ubuzima

John Davison Rockefeller numuntu ukize cyane mwisi mumateka yabantu.

Ibizaza Biliyoniya yavutse ku ya 8 Nyakanga 1839 mu mujyi wa Leta ya RichFord ya New York. Ababyeyi bombi, William buri RocKefeller na Louise Selianto, bari abafatanyabikorwa b'Itorero ry'Ababatisita. Abana batandatu barezwe mu muryango, muri bo Yohana yari uwakabiri mu burere. William yakoraga nk'umuryango kandi yazamuye ubuhanga mubana kuva mu bwana kugeza mubucuruzi. Kubwibyo, se yishyuye John kubumuga bwo murugo. Mu gihe cyo kugenda, nyina William, utarigeze akora ahantu hose, kandi yishora mu rugo, yagombaga gukiza, n'ubu bushobozi bwa Louise bwashize urubyaro.

Ntoya Yohana yerekejenye mberemo ko ubucuruzi bw'ubucuruzi - yagurishije bashiki bacu ba candy baguze amafaranga menshi. Afite imyaka 7, umuhungu yahaye akazi abaturanyi kugeza umurima, aho yinjije bwa mbere akusanya ibirayi no gukura muri Turukiya. Kuva mu minsi ya mbere yubuzima bwakazi, RocKefeller yatangiye igitabo cyibaruramari, yitonze yinjiza amafaranga n'amafaranga.

Umusore Yohana yakoze umuhungu utekereza ituje kubitekerezo bikikije. Umwana wumye kandi utagira umupaka yatekerewe igihe kinini kandi atihutiye gufata ibyemezo. Ariko mubyukuri, Yohana yari umuhungu wunvikana cyane, kandi yahuye na mushiki we wapfuye akiri uruhinja. Umukobwa amaze gupfa, Yohana aryamye ku byatsi kure yinzu amasaha 12.

Ku ishuri, Rockefeller ntabwo yakundaga kwiga, nubwo abarimu bishimiye urunigi rwubuyobozi nubushobozi bwo gutekereza. Mu myaka yo kwiga, John yatangiye ubucuruzi bwo kurenga. Rockefeller yamenye ko, yegamiye inyungu nke kugirango inyungu nto, zishobora kwinjizwa nta kibazo. Umuhungu ntiyashakaga kuba imbata akaba n'umushahara w'imishahara n'amajoro, John yahisemo gushaka amafaranga n'abagaragu be kandi akabikora. Nyuma yo guhabwa impamyabumenyi y'ishuri, John yabaye umunyeshuri w'ishuri rikuru ry'ubucuruzi, bityo umucuruzi ukiri muto atura ku masomo y'amezi atatu, aho yamenyereye imyuga nkenerwa zo mu bicuruzwa bikenewe.

Ubucuruzi

Yohana yateguye ku mukozi wa mbere kandi w'ikineguke kuri Hewitt & Tuttle mu ishami rishinzwe ibaruramari. Umusore yatangiye ku mushahara w'amadolari 17, ariko nyuma y'amezi make umusore yiyongereye ku $ 25. Umwaka umwe, Rockefeller yashyizeho isosiyete yo kuyobora. John yatangiye kubona umushahara inshuro 20 umushahara wibaruramari. Ariko umusore wifuzaga nta busa, kubera ko umuyobozi ubanza yishyuye byinshi kandi atigeze akora kandi umwaka, Yohana yirukanye gutangira ubucuruzi bwe.

Kugira ngo umufatanyabikorwa w'umucuruzi wo mu Bwongereza, RocKefelller yagombaga gufata amadorari 1200 kuri se 10% kuri buri mwaka. Mu kwandika amadorari 2000 asabwa, Rockefeller yabaye umugenzi na nyiri imigabane ya sosiyete "Clark na Rochester". Isosiyete yagurishije ibicuruzwa by'ubuhinzi. Rockefeller yahise atsindira ikizere cyabafatanyabikorwa mugufata ubucuruzi, ubushishozi numurava. Umusore wishora mu micungire y'ibikorwa by'imari y'isosiyete.

Mu gice cya kabiri cy'ikinyejana cya 19 muri Amerika, iterambere ry'isoko rishya ry'isoko - ubucuruzi bwo gutunganya amavuta bwatangiye, nkuko amatara ya Kerosene yatangira gukoresha icyamamare. John Permison Rockefeller araguhamagarira gufatanya abimenyereza wa Samweli Andrews kandi atuma mugenzi wawe w'ikigo gishya Andereya na Clark. Clark yabanjirije Clark ntiyashakaga kugira uruhare muri ubwo bucuruzi, kandi Yohana yagombaga kugura umugabane muri sosiyete no gufata imicungire y'akazi.

Ku ya 31, Rockefeller arema amavuta asanzwe, yishora mu buryo bwuzuye bw'umusaruro wa keronene, kuva ku musaruro wa peteroli, birangira kugurisha ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Kwiyongera k'ubucuruzi ni uko Yohana atishyuye abakozi kwishyura amafaranga. Umucuruzi yatanze kuzamura imigabane yimishinga. Ubumwe nk'ubwo bwatumye abakozi bakora bafite inshingano nyinshi, kubera ko ubu imibereho iterwa no gutsinda muri sosiyete.

Iterambere ryubucuruzi rya Rockefeller ryagiye ibiciro binini. Kubera ko hari ikigo cyo gushyikirana n'abantu bakomeye, John yagezeho ku kigo cyacyo cyagabanije ibiciro byo gutwara imizigo kuri gari ya moshi. Ugereranije nabanywanyi, ibicuruzwa bisanzwe byamavuta bya peteroli byatwarwa inshuro 2-3 bihendutse. Rockefeller rero yahatiye andi masosiyete ya peteroli kugirango agurishe umusaruro usanzwe. Rero, umucuruzi winshinga yahindutse monopolist.

Mu 1890, amategeko arwanya Amerika ya Sherman, yayobowe n'ibikorwa bya peteroli. Rockefeller imyaka 20 yahatiwe kumena umusaruro ku bigo 34 bigenzurwa. Muri buri wese muri bo, Yohana yabonye uburenganzira bwo gutunga umugabane uyobora. Igabana nk'iryo rifite ingaruka nziza ku murwa mukuru wa Magnate, Rockefeller yongereye amafaranga inshuro nyinshi.

Leta

Buri mwaka kuva mu bikorwa by'amavuta asanzwe, amafaranga ya John Rockefeller yari miliyoni 3. Mugihe cyurupfu kuri etage yinzobere, leta ya madamu yari miliyari 1.4%. Ukurikije igipimo cyamadorari kiriho, iyi ni miliyari 318 $ cyangwa 1.5% ya Amerika GDP. RocKefeller yari afite ibigo bya gari ya moshi, ibimera 6 binuka, ibihingwa 6 byoherezwa. Umucuruzi yari uw'amabanki 9, 9 imitungo itimukanwa.

Rockefeller yazengurutse ibintu bye birangiye, ariko ntiyamamaza mbere ya sosiyete. Umuryango w'imiryango wari ufise ibiti bya orange, villa na mansitions, umugambi wo hegitari 273. Umukino ukunda wa John Rockefeller wari Golf, kugirango ukoreshe umuntu ku giti cye ujugunywe muri miliyari zirimo umurima ukina. Imibereho myiza, Magnate yasobanuriye indero no kubungabunga amategeko 12 y'ubuzima, Yohana yateye imbere mu busore bwe.

Abagiraneza

John Rockefeller yasuye itorero ry'Abaporotesitanti kuva mu bwana kandi, nk'Abakristo b'intangarugero, kuva ku nyungu za mbere batangiye gutondekanya icya cumi kubikenewe bya paruwasi ikenewe, yasuye. Ingeso yingeso, peteroli ntabwo yahindutse kugeza ubuzima bwimpera. Magnate yashyize ahagaragara miliyoni 100 z'amadolari. Usibye impano, Itorero rya Rockefeller ryari urukundo rwinshi. John yanditse amafaranga ya kaminuza ya Chicago, Ikigo cya New York, Ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi mu buvuzi, Umuremyi Yohana yari. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20, Rockefeller yashyizeho "akanama gashinzwe uburere rusange" na Fondasiyo ya Rockefeller.

Umutunzi w'amavuta yanditse ibitabo byinshi bizima, icya mbere cyacyo cyari igitabo cya 1909 "kwibuka abantu nibyabaye". Mu 1910, igitabo cya Rockefeller "Ukuntu nahaye amadorari 500.000.000" kubyerekeye amateka yo kwemererwa. Mu 1913, Rwiyengerwa yanditse igitabo "Kwibuka", yagaragaje ibintu byose bishimishije byerekana ubuzima bwe bwite.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Muri 25, John Rockefeller yashakanye na mwarimu wa Lore Selestia Spelman wo mu muryango ukize. Umukobwa akurura umukwe afite ubudahemuka. Urubyiruko rwinjiye mu buryo bwumva urukundo rukundana kandi rureba ubuzima n'imibereho myiza. Bombi bari gukabya no kwitegura mubyifuzo.

Umuryango wa Rockefeller yavutse ari abakobwa 4 kandi samuragwa wenyine - mwene Yohani D. Rockefeller Jr, wabaye umusimbura mubucuruzi bwa Data. Ndetse iyo rockefeller yaguze ibitero bya peteroli muri Cleveland, umuryango wakomeje gutura mu icumbi ryakuwe kandi ntibyari umugaragu. Nkuko magete ya peteroli ubwayo yanditse, intsinzi yubucuruzi ya Yohana itegekwa numugore we.

Nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo bashakanye, John Rockeller yabayeho igihe kirekire. Amavuta yakundaga societe yumugore, buhoro buhoro yamenyereye kwambara imyambarire ihenze. Umutwe wa rockefeller wakundaga wari ingofero yibyatsi, aho rwiyemezamirimo ugeze mu za bukuru yakundaga kuba ku ifoto.

Abana ba Yohani barera muburyo bw'umwimerere. Buri mwana yari afite igitabo cyibaruramari aho guhembwa amafaranga n'amafaranga byandikwa. Mu nzu ya Rockefeller, hari gahunda runaka yo gutera inkunga abana. Yohana yahaye abakobwa n'umuhungu kwa banze inyungu zose. Kurugero, kumunsi utari bombo, umwana yashinze amafaranga.

John D. Rockefeller Jr. Inshuro nyinshi zongereye uko umuryango wa societe. Abuzukuru batanu, uzwi cyane muri Nelson, winteson, wintere na Dawidi, bagize uruhare mu mibereho ya politiki n'ubukungu by'Amerika kugeza mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21.

Urupfu

John Rockefeller yari afite inzozi ebyiri mubuzima bwabo ntibyabaye impamo: kubaho kumyaka 100 kandi yinjize amafaranga 100 $. Ariko leta yari miliyari 92. John Rockeller yapfuye Gicurasi 23, 1937 bivuye mu gitero cyagabwe mu mutima i Floride.

Amagambo

Amagambo azwi cyane ya Tycoleum Tycoon:

Ninde ukora umunsi wose, ntamwanya wo kubona amafaranga; kuba mwiza wawe biterwa nibyemezo byawe; Niba intego yawe yonyine igomba kuba umukire, ntuzigera ubigeraho.

Amategeko 12 rockefeller

1. Akazi gake ku bantu. Uko utikorera wenyine, byihuse ufite byinshi. Ijambo "akazi" rifite umuzi w "imbata."
2. Bika neza amafaranga - fata intambwe iganisha ku ntsinzi. Gura ibicuruzwa aho bihendutse cyangwa indabyo, tegura urutonde rwibintu bikenewe, kugura ibicuruzwa bikenewe ukurikije urutonde,.
3. Niba uri umukene - tangira gukora ubucuruzi. Niba udafite igiceri, noneho ugomba gufungura ubucuruzi nonaha utasubije umunota.
4. Inzira yo gutsinda, umuhanda ujya mubutunzi bwinshi unyura mumafaranga yinjiza.
5. Kurota kwinjiza byibuze $ 50.000 buri kwezi, ariko birashoboka cyane.
6. Amafaranga araza kuri wewe binyuze mubandi bantu. Itumanaho, ubushake butuma abantu bakize. Umuntu utabangawe ni gake cyane.
7. Ibidukikije bibi, abantu batatsinzwe bakururwa mubukene ntibatsindwa. Ugomba kuzenguruka nabatsinze kandi bafite ibyiringiro.
8. Ntuzane urwitwazo rwamahirwe yo gusubika intambwe yambere iganisha ku ntego yawe - ntabwo.
9. Kwiga biografiya nibitekerezo byabantu bakize cyane kwisi bageze ku ntsinzi. Amateka yubuzima bwumuntu watsinze azafasha kugera kuri bose - ubu ni bwo busobanuro bw'iki gitabo.
10. Inzozi nikintu cyingenzi mubuzima bwawe. Ikintu nyamukuru nukurongora no kwizera ko inzozi zizasohora. Umugabo atangira gupfa mugihe ahagarika kurota.
11. Fasha abantu ntabwo ari amafaranga, ariko kumutima utanduye. Tanga inyungu 10% kugirango ubone urukundo. Ni ukuvuga, umuntu wese agomba gufasha mubikenewe. Ibi bigaragazwa ninkuru yitsinzi ya John Rockefeller.
12. Kora sisitemu yubucuruzi kandi wishimire amafaranga yawe yinjije. Ubusobanuro bwiyi magambo nuko umuntu agomba gukora kugirango abeho yishimye, kandi atari ubupfu avuga ubutunzi.