Onor de balzac - biografiya, ifoto, ubuzima bwihariye, BIBLIOGRAFIY, ikora

Ubuzima

Onor de Balzac ni umwanditsi wumufaransa kandi umwe muri desaikov nziza. Ubuzima bwuwashinze ubuhamya burasa nibibanza byayo - ibintu bidutera umutima, ibintu bitangaje, bigoye kandi byagezweho neza.

Ku ya 20 Gicurasi 1799, umwana yavukiye mu muryango woroshye mu Bufaransa (Urugendo rwo mu mujyi) mu muryango woroheje, waje kuba se w'igitabo cyamagari. Padiri Bernard Francois Balssa yari afite amashuri mu by'amategeko, akora ubucuruzi, akora ibihugu by'abakene kandi bamenetse. Ubuyobozi nk'ubwo bwamuteye inyungu, bityo Francois yahisemo guhindura izina rye kavukire kugira ngo "yegere" ubwenge. Nka "mwene wabo", bahisemo umwanditsi - Jean-Louis Gez De Balzac.

Nyina wa Onor, Anne-Charlotte Laura Salambay, yari afite imizi ya nijoro kandi yari afite imyaka 30 akiri muto, asengeje ubuzima, kwishimisha, umudendezo n'abagabo. Urukundo ntirwihishe uwo bashakanye. Anna yari afite umwana wo kutagenda utangira kwerekana ko yita kubakira umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza. Kwita kuri Ondore byari biryamye kuri cormal, hanyuma umuhungu yoherejwe gutura munzu icumbika. Ubwana bwagashya biragoye kuvuga gusa kwitirirwa neza kandi byoroshye, ibibazo nibibazo byaje kwigaragarira mubikorwa.

Ababyeyi bifuza Balzac kwakira umwuga wa avoka, ni yo mpamvu umuhungu wabo muri kaminuza ya Wandike afite ubuko bwemewe. Ikigo cy'uburezi cyari kizwi cyane kubera indero ikaze, inama n'abakunzi bacu bemerewe gusa ku biruhuko bya Noheri. Umuhungu nikunze kubahwa n'amategeko yaho, aho yari yarashatse izina kubera igisambo na sticke.

Mfite imyaka 12, Onor de Balzac yanditse imirimo y'abana ba mbere, aho abanyeshuri bigana basetse. Umwanditsi muto yasomye ibitabo bya kera byigifaransa, ibisigo byahimbwe, ikina. Kubwamahirwe, inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki zabantu ntizishobora kuzigamwa, abarimu bo mwishuri babujije umwana kwiyongera, umunsi umwe watwitse imwe mu nyandiko ye ya mbere "."

Ingorane zijyanye no gutumanaho murungano, hamwe nabarimu, kutitabwaho ni ukugaragara kwa ndwara kumuhungu. Mfite imyaka 14, umuryango wafashe umwangavu urwaye cyane. Nta mahirwe yo gukira. Muri iyi leta yamaze imyaka itari mike, ariko aracyasohoka

Mu 1816, ababyeyi ba Balzak bimukiye i Paris, kandi niho umuhamya ukiri muto yakomeje kwiga ku ishuri. Hamwe no kwiga siyanse, Ohore yabonye akazi ko ari umwanditsi mubiro bya karowisi, ariko ntiyaremera ibi. Ubuvanganzo Manila Balzac nka rukuru, hanyuma se ahitamo gushyigikira umuhungu we mu cyerekezo cyanditse.

Francois yamusezeranije gutera inkunga imyaka ibiri. Muri iki gihe, ONOR igomba kwerekana ubushobozi bwo gushaka amafaranga kubucuruzi bwe yakundaga. Kugeza mu 1823, BalZac yaremye byinshi byimirimo 20 yimirimo, ariko benshi muribo biteze gutsindwa. Ibyago bye byambere "Cromosoll" byari bikomeye kunerwa, hanyuma Balzac ubwe yise ikiruhuko cy'abasore ari amakosa.

Ubuvanganzo

Mu mirimo ya mbere, Balzac yagerageje gukurikiza imyambarire y'ubuvanganzo, yanditswe ku rukundo, yagize uruhare mu gusohora, ariko kunanirwa (1825-1828). Ku mwanditsi wakurikiyeho yatsinze ibitabo bya V. Scott, byanditswe mu mwuka w'abakundana mu mateka.

Noneho (1820-18330) Abanditsi bakoresheje ubwoko bubiri gusa:

1. Umuhemu wumuntu, ugamije ibyo agezeho yintwari, nka Robinson Crusoe.
2. Ubuzima nibibazo byintwari nkuru nigitabo bijyanye no kwigunga.

Ongera usome imirimo y'abanditsi b'intsinzi, BalZac yahisemo kuva mu gitabo cy'umuntu, kugirango ubone ikintu gishya. "Uruhare nyamukuru" rw'imirimo ye rwatangiye gukora imico y'ubutwari, ariko sosiyete muri rusange. Muri uru rubanza, umuryango wa Bourgeos wa none muri Leta ya kavukire.

Mu 1834, Onoro irema akazi, igamije kwerekana "amashusho y'imyitwarire" y'icyo gihe akakora kuri yo mu buzima bwe bwose. Igitabo cyahise cyitwa izina "urwenya rwumuntu". Igitekerezo cya Balzak kwari ugukora amateka yubuhanzi bwubufaransa, I.E. Icyo igihugu cyabaye, kurokoka impinduramatwara.

Igitabo cy'ubuvanganzo kigizwe n'ibice byinshi, harimo urutonde rw'inyandiko zitandukanye:

1. "Amatwi yerekeye Nravakh" (amashami 6).
2. "Inyigisho za Filozofiya" (Imirimo 22).
3. "Inyigisho Zisesengura" (Umurimo 1 aho kuba umwanditsi wateguwe 5).

Iki gitabo gishobora kwitwa igihangano. Irasobanura abantu basanzwe, imyuga yintwari yimirimo nuruhare rwabo muri societe. "Urwenya rw'abantu" yuzuyemo ibintu bitagaragara, ibintu byose biva mubuzima, byose bijyanye n'umutima w'umuntu.

Akazi

Onor de Balzac yaje gushyira imyanya y'ubuzima mu rwego rwo guhanga nyuma yo kwandika imirimo ikurikira:

• Gobsek (1830). Mu ntangiriro, inyandiko yari ifite irindi zina - "ibyago byo guhungabanya." Hano haragaragariza imico: umururumba n'umururumba, ndetse n'ingaruka zabo kubyerekeranye n'intwari.
• "SHAGREFOF FYUKO" (1831) - Iki gikorwa cyazanye intsinzi ku mwanditsi. Igitabo cyuzuyemo ibintu byurukundo na filozofiya. Irasobanura ibisobanuro birambuye ibibazo byubuzima nibisubizo bishoboka.
• "Umukecuru w'imyaka mirongo itatu" (1842). Intwari nyamukuru yumwanditsi igira kure yimitungo myiza mumiterere myiza, iganisha ubuzima bwamagana mubitekerezo, kuruta byerekana abasomyi amakosa yangiza abandi bantu. Hano balzac mudro ashyiraho ibitekerezo kubyerekeye ibintu byabantu.

• "Kureka kwatakaye" (gutangaza mu bice bitatu bya 1836-1842). Muri iki gitabo, umwe, nkuko bisanzwe, yashoboye kwegera buri kantu kose, gukora ishusho yubuzima bwimyitwarire yabaturage b'umufaransa. Yerekanwe cyane mubikorwa: Egoism zabantu, ishyaka ryimbaraga, ubutunzi, kwigirira icyizere.
• "Glitter n'ubukene Kurtyzaton" (1838-1847). Iki gitabo ntabwo ari ubuzima bwumwenda wa Parisziya, nkuko byabanje kubibona mwizina rye, ariko kubyerekeye urugamba rwumuryango wisi numugizi wa nabi. Undi murimo mwiza ushyizwe mu "Munyamerika," urwenya rw'umuntu ".
• Guhanga no mu bizima bya Onor de Balzac ni kimwe mu biteganijwe kwiga ibikoresho mu mashuri y'ibihugu byisi ukurikije gahunda yuburezi.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Urashobora kwandika igitabo cyihariye kubuzima bwihariye bwubumuntu wa Borzak de Balzaki, guhamagarira utazagerwaho. Nkumwana, umwanditsi muto yatangije urukundo rwababyeyi kandi ubuzima bwubuzima bwashakaga kwitabwaho, kwitabwaho nubwuzu mubandi bagore. Yakunze gukundana n'abadamu bakuze cyane mu myaka.

Umwanditsi ukomeye wo mu kinyejana cya 19 ntabwo yari umuntu mwiza, nkuko bigaragara ku ifoto. Ariko yari afite imvugo nziza, igikundiro, ashoboye gutsinda abadamu b'ubwibone muri monologue yoroshye bonyine wenyine wenyine.

Umugore we wa mbere yabaye Madamu Laura de Bernie. Yari afite imyaka 40. Cari muto kuri nyina, kandi, wenda, yashoboye kuyisimbuza, kuba umukunzi wizerwa ninama. Nyuma yo guturika mu gitabo cyabo, abakunzi bahoze bamuteye ubucuti, bashyigikiwe no kwandikirana kugeza gupfa.

Igihe umwanditsi yageze ku ntsinzi y'abasomyi, atangira kwakira amabaruwa amagana y'abagore batandukanye, kandi amaze guhura n'indirimbo zinyuranye, kandi iyo Barzac imaze guhura nijwi ryumukobwa wamayobera ashimirwa nimpano yubwenge. Amabaruwa ye yakurikiyeho yaje kumenyekana neza mu rukundo. Mu gihe runaka, Onsor yandikirana n'umuntu utazi, maze bahuye mu Busuwisi. Umukecuru yahise arongora ko atatewe isoni n'umwanditsi.

Umunyamahanga yitwaga Evelina Ganskaya. Yari umunyabwenge, mwiza, muto (ufite imyaka 32) ahita akunda umwanditsi. Balzak amaze guha uyu mugore umutwe wurukundo nyamukuru mubuzima bwe.

Abakundana ntibakunze kubonana, ariko akenshi basubiramo, bubatse gahunda z'ejo hazaza, kuko Umugabo wa Evena yari afite imyaka 17 kandi igihe icyo ari cyo cyose yashoboraga kuva mubuzima. Kubera urukundo ruvuye ku mutima mu mutima wa Ganskaya, umwanditsi ntiyirinda kubandi bagore.

Iyo umurongo wa Verzslav Ganae (umugabo) wapfuye, Evelina yasunitse Balzac, kubera ko ubukwe hamwe n'umufaransa yamuteye ubwoba umukobwa we Anna (iteraniro rya Nicholas, ariko nyuma y'aho yari atumiye mu Burusiya (aho atuye).

Nyuma yimyaka 17 gusa no gukundana kwe, abashakanye barubatse (1850). Onor icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 51 kandi yari umuntu wishimye cyane kwisi, ariko bananiwe kubaho ubuzima bwubatse.

Urupfu

Umwanditsi w'impano yashoboraga gupfa mu gihe cya 43 igihe yatangiraga gutsinda indwara zitandukanye, ariko kubera icyifuzo cyo gukunda no gukundwa na Evelyn, yabitse.

Mubisanzwe ako kanya nyuma yubukwe, Ganskaya yahindutse umuforomo. Abaganga bateguye gusuzuma biteye ubwoba hypertrophy yumutima. Umwanditsi ntiyashoboraga kugenda, kwandika ndetse no gusoma ibitabo. Umugore ntabwo yasize uwo bashakanye, ashaka kuzuza iminsi ye yanyuma amahoro, kwita nurukundo.

Ku ya 18 Kanama 1950, Balzac yarapfuye. Igihe ubwe, yasize umugore we umurage udasanzwe - imyenda minini. Evelina yagurishije ibintu byacyo byose mu Burusiya kwishyura hamwe na bo ajyana n'umukobwa we yerekeza i Paris. Ngaho, umupfakazi wateguwe kurera nyina wa StaAik na imyaka 30 isigaye y'ubuzima bwe bwatangiye aho ihamye imirimo ya mukundwa.

Bibliografiya

• Shuana, cyangwa Brittany muri 1799 (1829).
• Shagtsin uruhu (1831).
• Louis Lambert (1832).
• Inzu y'Ububatsi Nsumpi (1838).
• Beatrice (1839).
• Umugore wa Cenet (1834).
• Gukiza Amabwiriza (1834).
• Umurozi (1834).
• Urukundo rwo kwihangana (1834).
• Ivuka ryamanuka (1834).
• Naivety (1834).
• Fachino Cana (1836).
• Amabanga ya Prijean de cadignan (1839).
• Pierre Ibyatsi (1840).
• Nyirabuja u nyirabuja (1841).