Ubuzima
George Washington ni Perezida wa mbere wa Amerika, watoranijwe n'abantu kandi ufata nk'umwe mu bashinze Amerika. Yabaye mu kinyejana cya XVIILI, yari nyirayo majoro major kandi ikiga. George Washington ni uwitabira impinduramatwara y'Abanyamerika, Umwanditsi w'ikigo cya Perezida wa Amerika n'Umuyobozi w'ingabo z'umugabane.
Ubuzima bw'ejo hazaza bwa Perezida w'Amerika bwatangiye ku ya 22 Gashyantare 1732 muri Virginie, kuri POPZ CREAK. George yabaye kimwe cya gatatu cy'abana batanu mu muryango nyir'umucakara ukize, agustine Augustin Washington, wapfuye igihe umuhungu yari afite imyaka cumi n'umwe. Nyuma yibi, umutware wumuryango yari umuvandimwe we mukuru be vecorence. George yize murugo kandi afatanije agaciro kwiyigisha.
Yavukiye mu muryango w'abagaragu ba nyir'abagaragu no kuragwa Leta, Washington yatekerejwe ku bucakara n'amahame avuguruzanya y'imyitwarire n'imyitwarire, ariko byemeraga ko kurekurwa kwabacakara byabayeho mu myaka mirongo.
Uruhare runini mu bihe bito bya George Washington yacuranzwe n'Uwiteka Fercefax - Umuyobozi ukize cyane muri Virginia y'ibyo bihe. Yabaye umujyanama w'umusore wari wambuwe se mu bwana, amuha inkunga ya gicuti igihe yubaka umwuga wa Amerler n'umusirikare.
Umuvandimwe mukuru wa George yapfuye afite imyaka makumyabiri, manor y'umusozi wa Vernon yagiye kwa musore, n'abacakara cumi n'umunani. Kuva ku ya 17, Washington yakoraga mu ntara ya Calpepper nk'igihugu, kandi nyuma y'urupfu rwa murumuna, hanyuma urupfu rwa murumuna, kandi nyuma y'urupfu rwa murumuna wabaye umuyobozi w'umwe mu turere twitwara gisirikare mu rwego rwa Majoro.
Mu 1753, Major Washington yakiriye itegeko ritoroshye: Menyesha igifaransa ku bijyanye no kudashobora kwerekeza mu kibaya cy'umugezi wa Ohio. Mu byumweru 11, George yatsinze akaga kose mu nzira, uburebure bwa kilometero 800, kandi kubwibyo, bikora komisiyo. Mu 1755, yafashe ku rugamba rwo kurwanya Fort Dukeen. Bidatinze, Washington yararekuwe, kandi mu gihe cyo kongera kwiyamamaza kurwanya ubutwari kandi ahabwa ipeti rya Coloneli.
Nyuma yibyo, umusore aba umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo gikomeye cy'intara. Ku buyobozi bwe, umutware yakomeje kurwana n'Abahinde n'Abafaransa no kwigarurira umwanya wo kwirwanaho. Ariko, mu 1758, afite imyaka 26, George Washington yahisemo kuva mu mwuga oroka kandi asezerana.
Ibyishimo by'urubyiruko Washington cyari kiyobowe n'ibitabo bikomeye by'Icyongereza cyo mu kinyejana cya xviiii. Igiti Cumier George cyari Umunyapolitiki wa kera w'Abaroma Caton Jr .. Kimwe n'icyiza, perezida w'ikize muri Amerika yagerageje gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvuga gusa, buhuye n'icyitegererezo cyiza mu buzima bwa rubanda no ku giti cye, kubuza isura no guhinga isura ku rwego rwiza.
Kumenyekanisha, Washington yabaye umuntu wabujijwe, uhanwa uharanira inyungu kandi ntiyemerera gutakaza kwifata. Iyobokamana ryubahwa, ariko nta fanatism.
Politiki
Kwanga umukozi ushinzwe imirimo, George Washington yashakanye maze aba nyir'umucakara batera imbere. Muri icyo gihe, politiki yakomeje kugira uruhare runini mu buzima bwe, kandi mu 1758-1774 yagerageje inshuro nyinshi kuba umudepite w'Inteko ishinga amategeko ya Virginie.
Kuba nyir'igihingwa kinini, George ku byamamare bye yashoje avuga ko politiki y'Ubwami itunze ubwenge itujuje ibisabwa mu gihe cyacu. Icyifuzo cy'abayobozi b'Abongereza cyo kubuza iterambere ry'inganda n'ubucuruzi ku butaka bwabakoloni byari kunegura. Igice rero, Washington cyashinzwe muri Virginia ubumwe bwari bufite intego ya boycott yo gukora icyongereza. Thomas Jefferson na Patrick Henry bamufashaga muribi.
Urugamba rwo guharanira uburenganzira bw'ubukoloni bwabaye kuri George ikibazo kigize. Mu 1769, yateje imbere umushinga w'icyemezo, yakubiye uburenganzira bwo gushyiraho imisoro ku iteraniro ry'abadepite ryabashinga amategeko. Icyakora, bidatinze inyungu rusange muri iki kibazo cyagabanutse kubera gukuraho imirimo ya gasutamo. Igitugu cy'Ubwongereza kijyanye n'ubukoloni nticyaretse amahirwe yo kwiyunga, kandi nyuma yo kugongana kwa mbere kw'abakoloni ari kumwe n'abasirikare b'iki gihugu, George Washington batangiye kwambara umwambaro wa gisirikare, azi ko bidashobora kwanga icyuho.
Intambara yo kwigenga
Guhitamo ko Amerika ikeneye nk'ingambaga, Perezida wa mbere w'Amerika wasabye serivisi z'ingabo z'umugabane. Mu 1775 yakiriye uko abanyamategeko b'iki ngabo. Ishingiro ry'ingabo za gisirikare, riyoboye George Washington, rigizwe n'abayobozi b'interahamwe banyuranye na leta.
Ubwa mbere, abasirikare b'Abanyamerika bagize ibibazo byinshi na disipulini, kwiga n'ibikoresho. Ariko, buhoro buhoro (mbikesheje imbaraga zamamategeko), hashyizweho inkingi nziza kandi nziza yakoresheje tekinike yinyubako hamwe nuwongereza, wakoresheje umurongo gakondo.
George Washington yubatswe mbere yo kugota Boston. Mu 1776, ingabo zabuze New York, kubera intambara nyinshi zitabangamiye munsi y'umuvuduko w'abatavuga rumwe n'abatavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi no kunyura mu mujyi w'Ubwongereza. Mu mpera z'imyaka 1776 Intangiriro yo 1777, Washington n'ingabo bihorera mu bwongereza bari mu ntambara kuri Trentonne na Spiceton, no mu mpeshyi ya 1777 bagose Boston barangije gutsinda. Iyi ntsinzi ni ngombwa kandi ingana: Intambara nziza hamwe numwanzi wongereye imbaraga numwuka wumwuka wabasirikare b'Abanyamerika.
Byongeye kandi: intsinzi ya Saratoga, kwibohora ibihugu byo muri Amerika, injiji y'ingabo z'Ubwongereza za Yortown no kurangiza imirwano muri Amerika. Nyuma yizo ntambara, abapolisi basanzwe batangiye gushidikanya ko Kongere irateganya kubashyura umushahara mugihe cyamaze kurugamba. Kwizera George Washington, wari uzwiho kuba inyangamugayo n'amahame mbwirizamuco, bifuzaga kumugira umutwe w'igihugu.
Igitabo cy'Abanyamerika cyarangiye ku mugaragaro mu 1783, igihe Paris Mirny Make yashyizweho umukono. Ako kanya iki gikorwa, umuyobozi w'ingabo yakomeje kuba umutegetsi maze yohereza amabaruwa na guverinoma, aho babagiriye inama yo gushimangira guverinoma nkuru kugira ngo igihugu gitereya mu gihugu.
Perezida wa mbere wa USA
Nyuma yo kurangiza imirwano, George Washington yasubiye mu isambu ye. Ariko rero, amateka y'igihugu kavukire yakomeje kumushishikaza, nuko ahunga ibya politiki muri Amerika. Mu 1786, abamushyigikiye nyuma yo guhamagarwa kwe kwamfashije kugabanya imisoro ya Massachusetts.
Bidatinze, Washington yatowe ku masezerano y'itegeko shingiro ya Philadelphian, mu 1787 yasohoye itegeko nshinga rishya ryo muri Amerika, noneho amatora arakorwa. Umuyobozi mukuru w'izabukuru yamenyekanye cyane muri societe ko abaTOREA batoye batoye (haba ku nshuro yabo ndetse no ku matora ya Perezida).
Mu mwanya w'umukuru wa Leta, George Washington yashakaga gushinga hamwe n'Abanyamerika yubahiriza Itegeko Nshinga, kugira ngo abungane demokarasi mu myaka yashize, akikijwe n'abahagarariye abanyabwenge, bashoboye gukorera Amerika. Muri icyo gihe, Washington yagerageje gufatanya na Kongere kandi ntabangamira amakimbirane ya politiki mu gihugu. Mu manda ya kabiri, Perezida wa mbere wa Amerika yashyizeho gahunda ishoboye iterambere ry'inganda n'imari y'igihugu, yakuye muri Amerika kugira ngo agire uruhare mu makimbirane yu Burayi, ahatira abahinde kureka uturere twinshi (cyane cyane akoresheje ingufu za gisirikare), Forbade Inzoga yatoboye.
Politiki y'imbere n'ububanyi n'amahanga ya George Washington yahuye no kurwanya ahantu habisanzwe, ariko kugerageza kwigomeka kwa Perezida n'ingabo ze bashoboye guhagarara vuba. Iyo amaze kurangiza amategeko abiri y'Inama y'Ubutegetsi, yahawe icyifuzo cyo guhunga no ku manda ya gatatu, ariko yanze kubera ibiteganywa n'Itegeko Nshinga. Mu buyobozi bw'igihugu, yatereranye ku mugaragaro, ariko acunga imirima ye kandi ashaka imbata zabivuyemo. Muri rusange, mu bagaragu 390 bafite.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1759, George Washington yafashe umugore afite umutekano n'Umupfakazi Marta Castis, wabaye umugore we wa mbere kandi wenyine. Mu gutunga Marita yari amande, imbata 300 na hegitari 17.000 z'ubutaka. Muri iyi ntur, George yiyategetse afite ibitekerezo, abihindura muri bumwe mu buryo bwunguka cyane muri Virginie. Ishyingiranwa rya George na Marita byari bimaze igihe kinini kandi cyishimye. Muri uyu muryango, abana ba Castis baturutse mubukwe bwa mbere bararezwega, abana basanzwe bashakanye ntibatangiye.Urupfu
Perezida wa mbere w'umunyamerika yapfuye azize ku ya 15 Ukuboza 1799. Iminsi ibiri mbere yibyo, yisanze munsi yimvura igorana na shelegi, asuzuma umutungo we ugenda ifarashi. Yagarutse mu rugo, ntabwo yakuyeho imyenda itose kandi ahitamo kuriramo. Bukeye bwaho, Washington yatangiye umuriro, kwandura mu muhogo n'izuru rikomeye ritemba, ryahindutse ibimenyetso by'umusonga na Layniyeri. Imyiteguro y'imiti yo mu kinyejana cya 18 ntiyashoboye kumufasha, byongeye kandi, bongereye imiterere ye (abaganga bakoresheje kumena amaraso no gutunganya chloride merkury).
Mu 1888, urwibutso rwa metero 150 rwashyizwe mu murwa mukuru wa Amerika mu cyubahiro cya Perezida wa mbere w'igihugu. Mu cyubahiro cye, ikiraro cyanatiwe kandi mu ruzi rwa Hudson (imwe mu nzira ndende muri Amerika), uwatwaye indege ya Atome, muri kaminuza i Washington. Amadolari yamadorari ashushanyijeho ifoto hamwe nishusho ye. Kandi ntiwumve, byari mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro Perezida wa mbere wa Amerika witwaga umurwa mukuru w'umunyamerika.
Mu 2000, filime ubuzima "George Washington" yararekuwe, hariho kandi urukurikirane rwa serure nandi mafilime, inzira imwe cyangwa undi yeguriwe politiki.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Kimwe mu bihingwa by'ingenzi byahingwaga ku gihingwa cya Washington cyari hemp. Mu kinyejana cya XVIII cyakoreshejwe mugukora impapuro, imigozi nimyenda.
- George Washington yabaye Perezida wonyine w'umunyamerika mu matora yombi yatsinze 100% by'amajwi.
- Perezida wa mbere wa Amerika ntiyigeze yambara ibihimbano, gutunga imisatsi itukura muri kamere. Ku gishushanyo cyamanutse muri iki gihe, umusatsi we usa n'umurikira, kuva mu myanya ya xviii mu kinyejana cya xviii bari bahagaritse cyane.
- George Washington yari inzobere muri konti kandi yanditse ibitabo byinshi kumatangazo yukuri yimari. Ndetse no mu gihe cya perezida, we ubwe yakurikiranwe amafaranga yinjiza n'amafaranga ye, kuko "biroroshye gukurikiza igiceri."
- Umunyapolitiki uzwi cyane n'umurwanyi yari kugenda neza, ariko yari afite "umusego we": ifarashi yagombaga kujya, igomba kugira isuku itunganye. Washington yometse kuri iri tegeko bifite akamaro kanini ko yarebaga n'amenyo yinyamaswa mbere yo kumutwika.
Amagambo
- Tugomba gusubiza amaso inyuma gusa kugirango dukureho amasomo mumakosa yashize hamwe nu nyungu ziva muburambe buhenze.
- Uburyo bwiza bwo kubungabunga isi bwiteguye intambara.
- Dukora kugirango mubugingo bwawe butapfuye ibyo bishakugi bito byumuriro wo mwijuru, ari umutimanama.
- Niba ushima izina ryawe, uhuza ubuzima bwawe nabantu bubashywe.
- Ntugaragaze umunezero kubona ububabare bwundi muntu, yaba umwanzi wawe.