Ubuzima
Francois Von ni Umusizi wumufaransa wimyaka yimyaka yatinze, imiterere irasobanutse, idasobanutse, idafite ibisigo byasize ikimenyetso cyimbitse mumiryango yabasobeyo nabakomokaho.
Nubwo byamamare n'akamaro k'imivugo y'isi y'imirimo ya Wiyon, izwiho ubuzima bwe, kandi ibisobanuro birambuye bya biografiya bitandukanye ninkomoko. Fate Francois Winyoni ahujwe cyane na Paris, hafi yumusizi wavutse. Dukurikije amakuru atandukanye, ibi byabaye muri Mata 1431 cyangwa 1432.
Amazina nyayo Francois - de kubeshya cyangwa de monkorbier. Nyina w'umuhungu yavukiye mu ntara y'i Berry, kandi nta kintu kizwi kuri Data, usibye ko yapfuye hakiri kare, kandi umugore akomeza kuba umupfakazi n'umwana muto mu maboko.
Umukiza uva mu muryango w'ubukene cyangwa inshuti y'umuryango wa Guillaume de ILOME, Capellan, Kaperini, Abbot y'itorero rya Mutagatifu Benedigito. Nk'uko byatangajwe na Francois, umutambyi yabaye kumurusha kuri Se, yita ku mwobo w'umwana. Umuhungu ntiyakiriye ubuhungiro hejuru yumutwe we gusa, ahubwo yanakundaga, kurera no kwiga, abakize gusa bashoboraga kubona ubushobozi.
Kapellan yahuze, Francois, amugaburira, yigishijwe, harimo ubumenyi, ikibonezamvugo, ikilatini, kandi anatanga izina rye ku munyeshuri. Mu kugaruka, umuhungu yakoreye mu itorero ararimbira muri korari y'itorero.
Ku myaka 12, Francois Von yatangiye kujya mu ishuri mu ishami ry'ubumenyi bw'amagambo ya Paris Sorbonne. Mu 1449, umunyeshuri ukiri muto yakiriye impamyabumenyi ihanitse, kandi nyuma yimyaka itatu - urwego rwa Ligitini na Master yubuhanzi.
Hamwe n'uburere nk'ubwo, Voy ntabwo yari afite imyanya ikomeye hamwe n'itsinda rihuye na sosiyete ya Paris, kandi ishobora gusa kuba umwanditsi cyangwa umwarimu. Dukurikije ibipimo bya kaminuza zo mu birindiro, urwego rukwiye rw'ubumenyi rwageze ku myaka mirongo itatu gusa, dusanga mu ishami ry'amategeko no kwakira urwego rwa Dr.
Ibisigo
Tugarutse mu myaka y'ubushakashatsi muri Sorbonne, Francois yari mu nzu y'umuyobozi wa Paris ya Robert d'estville. Abasizi bakunze gukusanya, kandi vinon yagize uruhare mu ntambara zo mu mivugo ku byishimo bya ba nyirayo. Mu cyubahiro cyabo, vinon yahimbyega indirimbo y'ubukwe yitwa "ballad ya prejezhen", aho izina ry'umudugudu wa Autrotville ryahuje Acrostetich.
Ibisigo bya Von bifitanye isano ridasanzwe hamwe nigihe kigoye cyuyu muntu. Ibisigo bye byose biragaragaza ibihe byubuzima, reaction kubibazo bibaho. Guhangana kwa Francoisfatwa neza kandi bya filozofiya icyarimwe. Kurwanya inyuma yumwana wabas-kuvugurura kuvugurura hamwe nibishusho byabo byurukundo, ubusitani bwe bumera, baririmba inyoni zurukundo, amarira, amarira, kandi ibyiyumvo nyabyo byabayeho byoroshye Byasogiwe.
Muri icyo gihe, umusizi wa mbere yakoresheje ikanatangiza ibihano ndetse na sarcasm, avuga ubuzima bwe no ku mirimo yayo - kandi mu mirimo imwe - byombi, gukabya kw'amashusho. Umuntu ubaho aragaragara binyuze mumirongo yibisigo, hamwe nibyaha byayo nibibi, imibabaro ninzozi, ntabwo ari byiza cyangwa abandi.
Italanto ya Francois Wiyon, n'ubwo nyenga binyejana w'imyaka cyane gusoma Ilya Erenburg na Osip Mandelstam, Nikolai Rubtsov, na monographs nyinshi ubushakashatsi cyahariwe ubuzima udushya mu umusizi ku.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Francois Von yabaye icyamamare muri Paris n'Ubufaransa ntabwo ari umusizi gusa, ahubwo nanone ameze nkurugendo rwinshi, umujura, inzira na Dractun. Ndetse na mbere yo kurekurwa na Sorbonne, yitabiriye indwara ya SchoLeAROV, yasobanuye mu gitabo cya sariya ku murongo kugeza na n'ubu. Umusizi amuvuga mu "Isezerano Rikuru", yanditse mu 1461.
Abanyeshuri babi bashoboye gukurura umuyoboro wamabuye, uhagaze hafi yinzu ya parisian. Umudamu yatanze urukiko, ashinja Scholsarov mu kwiba, kandi ashyiraho ibuye rishya. Urubyiruko rurakaye rwanditseho icya kabiri, bidatinze amabuye yombi yigarurirwa ku butaka bwa Sorbonne.
Abavoka bashinja icyaha barafashwe bashaka kugambanira urukiko, ariko abanyamategeko ba kaminuza baje kwinjiza, kandi kubwibyo, abanyeshuri baratsinze. Ububi bwari bufite ishingiro, ariko urwego rw'ubucamanza rwagombaga kumeneka.
Mu 1455, Voy yongeye kugwa munkuru ndende, iki gihe gifitanye isano n'ubwicanyi. Habayeho gutongana hagati yumusizi numupadiri ukiri muto, impamvu umugore yabaye. Umupadiri wo gucukura yinjiye mu rugamba, na Francois, aregwa, akubita ako gakondo. Igikomere cyaje kwica, kandi nyuma yigihe gito umutoteza, ufite umwanya wo kubabarira no gutsindishiriza Viyn.
Francois yatanze amatungo abiri yerekeye imbabazi, ariko, yifuzaga kwirinda gutabwa muri yombi, ava i Paris. Iki cyemezo cyarumiwe kumusizi. Kubera ko atagize imibereho, yavuganye n'abajura. Mu 1456, Von yasubiye i Paris, amaze kubona imbabazi.
Muri uwo mwaka, umubumbyi-umujura hamwe nibyitso byasaga navarre kaminuza. Shaka yibye ibiceri 500 bya zahabu kandi abigabanyijemo kimwe. Insion yari igiye kujya kurakara, Rene Anzhuy: Francois yari akunda inzozi kuba umusizi w'urukiko hamwe n'umusizi ukomeye. Muri Anezher, ntabwo yari afite amahirwe, kandi nyuma y'umwaka imimerere y'ubujura yagaragaye, kandi Winyoni ntiyashoboraga gusubira i Paris kubera ubwoba bwo kwicwa.
Mbere yo guhunga umurwa mukuru, umusizi utaravuka yanditse "ntoya", aho mu buryo bwo gusetsa, ibintu n'amashusho bidafite ikimenyetso ku nshuti: igikapu cye kirimo, icyapa kuri Zucchka imwe. Nk'uko amakuru amwe abivuga, impamvu yo guhunga yari urukundo rudahagije kuri Catherine de impumuro, wasubije umusizi hamwe no kwanga kwanze.
Imyaka yakurikiyeho, Francois yakoresheje mu kuzinga mu Bufaransa. Yinjiye muri Pike Robbing-CokaRarov. Iki gihe kirimo Ballad arindwi yanditswe numusizi ku bajura Jargon, muri iki gihe nta muntu ushobora gusobanura.
Ku rukiko rwa Karl Orleans, na we ubwe yari umusizi uzwi, Viyon yanditse amarushanwa azwi "muri brois". Duke yatangiye amarushanwa yubusizi, kandi ingingo yumuvugo yahisemo "Ndapfa kubyerekeye umugezi" ufite inyota. " Ibisigo bigomba guhinduka urwenya no mu mucyo, ariko kuva mu ibaba rya Francois byasohotse igihangano nyacyo, umurimo wimbitse, usebanya kandi wa filozofiya.
Nyuma yibyo, vión yamaze kabiri muri gereza zo muri gereza ategereje igihano, muri Orleans no mu mujyi wa Menyesha, ariko byashidikanyaga ku gihe cyahagezega. Mu 1461, umusizi yasubiye i Paris, aho yari atuye, yihishe hamwe n'inshuti ze. Hanyuma yanditse "Isezerano Rinini". Muri cycle, ballads harimo:
- "Ubushake";
- "Epitaph";
- "Ballad y'abadamu b'Iminsi yashize";
- "Ballad izemera" (Ndabizi ...);
- "Isengesho";
"Isengesho" ryabaye igisigo cyonyine gibabaje cyane, kuko umusizi cyangwa igitonyanga atari icyuma, shyira amagambo ya Molba mu kanwa ka nyina, yabonaga umugore mwiza ku isi. Nyuma yaho, Bulat Okudzhava yanditse indirimbo yiswe "Amasengesho Francois Vyon", ariko iyi nyandiko ntamahuriye numusizi wo hagati.
Urupfu
Mu 1462, Von yongeye muri yombi arafungwa. Turashimira icyifuzo cyerekeye imbabazi n'ibisabwa n'inshuti z'abasizi, amanikwa yasimbujwe no kwirukanwa mu myaka icumi ya Paris. Mu rwego rwo guca urubanza, Francois yanditse "ballad ibijyanye namanikwa."
Nyuma ya 1463, ibimenyetso bya Francois VOY barazimiye. Imiterere nitariki y'urupfu byumusizi ntibizwi. Ikintu kimwe kirasobanutse: Yapfiriye mu buhungiro, atarokotse igitabo cya mbere cya Ballad ye, mu 1491.
Bibliografiya
- Isezerano Rikuru
- Le, cyangwa Isezerano rito
- Ballad ishyari
- Ballad kubyerekeye itangiza ibihe byashize
- Ballade kumanikwa
- Ballad ku bajura Jargon
- Vuga Ubugingo n'umubiri