Amateka y'inyuguti
Snow-ibivugwa mihanda, a bambaye Igiti ca Noweli, Olivier ku meza ... Urutonde Bya Inyuguti umwaka mushya mu batuye Russian byaba atari yuzuye nta Santa Claus. Buri mwaka ukutari predish atashoboraga bituma abana n'abakuze bemera igitangaza.
Ishusho Santa Claus ryashinzwe buhoro, kuyizinga mu buryo burambuye East Slavic yizera n'umurimo n'ubuvanganzo. Sekuru kijyambere, uje munsi umwaka mushya na umufuka impano, ni umusore imico pretty, ari nta imyaka irenga 100.
Mu Mythology ya Eastern ruriho mu itumba zarashe ku arts ya imbeho ya ubukonje - Trescun, Karachun na rushana. Ubutatu barafu bose bakiriho, ariko buri wese afite inshingano zayo bwite: Trescun yoherejwe bihugu ibihugu na yononekaye kubiba, Karachun, baba munsi hasi, ndtse mu bigega no amariba, no mu rushana, mu sutured w'imyaka umuntu z'ifeza kirekire ubwanwa, arahindukira abantu n'amatungo mu ice. Mu minsi, abantu bakeneye impano imyuka akaga, si igihushane. Ku ubanziriza Noheli, bari atamba kuchel, kissel, pancakes na koloboks baked na gusaba ibihingwa bisimbura ku gasozi.
Nyuma y'igihe, imyuka ubumwe mu mico imwe, kandi ubukonje-voivode gutura mu art Abantu. Mu migani z'impimbano, Uhoraho imbeho kandi Purgi vyahavuye kuba gato ryiza sekuruza, ariko imbaraga, kuko ububasha warikubye - ubushobozi imyuka Ibanjirije bari bavanze.
Umwanditsi Vladimir Odoyevsky yaremye intererano yiwe mu kurema igishushanyo zemewe ya Santa Claus. Mu y'igitito biganira "Moroz Ivanovich", bikaba mu 1840, mu kwegeranya "imigani ya Sekuru Irinea", itubwira ku muturage wa Ice Country gihugu, aho abana kugwa. Mu mateka a budasanzwe, imico ni gushyira mu ruhare karengane Shekhe na mashuri abanza - ku bw'igikorwa ciza na kumvira, ikibunda atanga heroine nziza na ibiceri by'ifeza.
Mu bitabo Russian mu kinyejana cya 19, mu gihe kizaza ukunda atsinda abonekera inshuro nyinshi, ariko zose mu buryo bwa nabi databuja urushana. Ruburakigongwe kandi imbaraga umugabo w'imyaka yabaye imico y'ingenzi mu muvugo Nikolai Nekrasov "Frost - Red Nose", mu gukina ya Alexander Ostrovsky "Snow Mwigeme" na Opera Opera Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov.
Imbere revolution mu Burusiya, bagerageza kugira imigenzo Western ya Noweli, aho a imvi imvi sekuru bigaragara impano. Mu costume yari hafi ya imyumvire Russian - bambaye uwo musaza mu ikoti ubwoya no bote, na ashira nya nkoni mu kuboko kwiwe. Ariko, acika uwusa Nicholas cyangwa "Old Ruprecht" (satellite ya St. Nicholas mu migenzo German) ntibemeye abantu. Kandi izuba rirenze mu kinyejana cya 19 cyaranzwe na Imigaragarire Bya i y'igitito biganira "Morozko", aho imico ahinduka sekuru mwiza, tukaba kumubona munsi ku mpera za buri mwaka.
Biography ya Santa Claus yahagaze na guhindura ubutegetsi mu Burusiya, ku amahagarara y'umutwe anti-sabotics kwiyamamaza. Intwari rusange asubira defector gusa mu 1936 - hamwe umwuzukuru wa Snow Mwigeme, kigereranya amazi zabitswe, amara umupira w'umwaka mushasha mu House rw'amasendika. Kuva icyo gihe, nyiri nziza stubs na blizzards itanga impano hamwe bifasha abana guhangana n'ingabo ikibi mu maso ya Leshgo, Baba Yagi hamwe n'izindi ntwari atashoboraga.
Santa Claus icyicaro
Mu ntangiriro ya perestroika, nyiri nyamukuru umwaka mushya mikuru atangira kubikira na batuyemo yabo bwite. Muri iki gihe, Santa Claus afite nta n'umwe aderesi - ku bw'isi imico w'umwaka mushasha yari arambura mu Moscow Murmansk, no mu gisagara kimwekimwe cose ushobora kwandika ibaruwa asaba impano ko abana bishimira no gukora.
Mu 1980, Arkhangelsk yari yatangaje mu mpera 1980, Arkhangelsk yari yatangaje mu 1980, gatoyi nyuma, imico gutura ku Kola kinjira mu rwego umushinga "atashoboraga Laponie - gutunga Santa Claus". Kandi mu 1998, ukuboko mucyo Moscou w'Akarere, Yuri Luzhkov, Great Ustyug afata mukerarugendo mbere bifuzaga kubona urubura sekuru n'amaso yabo. Nuko Vologda Residence harimo inzu Santa Claus, n'igihe Snow Mwigeme, inzira atashoboraga and Mail Santa Claus.
Mu 2011, ku iya ya abayobozi Murmansk mu mujyi ruguru, inzu ya Laponie Santa Claus yubatswe. Kandi mu mujyi Karelian, Olonets aba umusore Frost packkin.
Santa Claus mu bindi bihugu
Ikimenyetso mwaka mushya ni kirekire cyane, muri buri gihugu hari imico uvana ku Eva Noheli cyangwa ku ubanziriza mwaka, yifuzaga impano.
Mu Amerika, Australia na UK barimo amatsiko Santa Claus. Mu Burayi, imigenzo yayo, nk'uko bikaba Saint Vasily kuza mazu, Babbo Natal (Italy), Mikulas na Hedgages (Repubulika ya Tchèque no muri Silovakiya).
Mu Finland, ku isano ya sekuru w'umwaka mushasha ni guhayagiza Julupuk. Abayapani gusenga Czegato-Sana, na Columbian Papa Pasquille.
Image mu cinema
Fairy imigani no filime ubuhanga bwo abayoboke umwaka mushya barimo sistering na images ya nyagasani ya shelegi winter jellows. Classical Santa Claus, uwo Abarusiya akiri rimbura "nyakuri", yagejeje Alexander Row mu 1965. Mu y'igitito biganira, "Morozko" uruhare Alexander Hervil - Sekuru vyahavuye kuba rukomeye, Grozny, ariko ku kiseera kye kimu, ibyiza kandi atarenganya.
Mu 1975, abana irangi "Umwaka mushasha Adventures wa Masha na Viti" yaje screens, aho uretse Baba-Yagi, mu Kota Matayo na Koschery ya ntibupfa bigaragara, sekuru Frost, mu muntu wa filime Igor Efimov . Mu magic na ineza ya akuze y'igitito biganira "Wizards", imico akubiye Valery Zolotukhin.
Abayobozi ikorera ishusho nk'uko bashoboye. Yari amafuti ndetse mu Banyarwandakazi y'Amahirwe. Nk'uko karorero wa film mu impano a Sacyanwa abaterankunga, Yevgeny Leonov yari yahinduye, gukungahaza mu c'intohozamajambo ya indorerezi z'Abasoviyeti na interuro winged:
"Santa Claus baje iwawe, azana impano nawe. Fedya, muze hano! Uri kubagurira. Muri gereza izaba ingirakamaro. "Bagerageje umwambaro mwaka mushasha na abakinnyi kijyambere ikirangirire. Ndibuka abafana ba Russian Cinema Santa Claus Alexander Zbrueva kuva "Poor Sasha" (1997), kandi Zhenya Lukashin XXI kinyejana, gushyira irangwa a byatwigishije w'imyaka umuntu filimi "Igitangaza muri Fate. Gukomeza ". Mu myaka ya 2007, nari kwegukana umutima Nadi Konstantin Khabensky.
Bibatera intwari Oleg Yankovsky kuva "Ngwino kumbona" (2000) mu Santa Claus costume bituma magic kwa kera Bikira Tatyana. Kandi adventures risaba bari umurimo mu sekuru kuko umwaka mushya, yagaragaje Andrey soft mu comedy "Ni nde aza nimugoroba winter" (2006).
Ibintu bishimishije
- Mu myaka itatu nyuma abanza ya "House of Santa Claus" ku Ikomeye Ustyug, mu ava mu bukerarugendo mu mujyi wiyongera kuva 2 abantu 32 ibihumbi. Hafi imyaka 20, sekuru atashoboraga guhabwa ubutumwa kurusha miliyoni abana.
- Andika ibaruwa ku atashoboraga Kudesnik biroroha kurusha yoroheje. Aderesi ya Santa Claus: 162390, mu Burusiya, Vologda karere., Great Ustyug. Messages kuva kids nanone bategereje Ibaruwa Internet ya Santa Claus.
- Abanyamakuru declassified kamere bakuru Year New imico kubaho mu karere Vologda. Munsi yera ubwanwa mpu Andrei Balin, akaba ndetse yavuze ko 40 y'amavuko. Kuko post ya mukuru Santa Claus gihugu, umuntu afata hejuru mu myaka 22. Zootechnic ku burezi yahindutse inzobere mu muco no mu bukerarugendo munsi ubuyobozi Akomeye Ustyug. A washatse atashoboraga kudesnik kanya yagejeje itatu cyumba nzu, no ku rubuga rwa serivisi "Sekuru" bimaze ubucuruzi - akingura y'urwibutso iduka, aho umucuruzi gushyira ku mukenyezi wiwe.
- Modern Santa Claus yizihije isabukuru ku Ugushyingo 18. Itariki ntabwo yakuwe gisenge - ku munsi iyi, Burusiya yamaze wuzuyeho shelegi frosts hit mu abenshi karere kayo.
- Santa Claus kuva 50s yo mu kinyejana cya nyuma yakundaga kuyoboka urumuri mu ruganda rwa sosiyete rwitwa umwaka mushya. Imiterere ikemuwe kumakarita yigihe, yambaraga ikoti ritukura n'ingofero n'umunsi wumwaka utaha. Kumenyera umuhungu byamaze imyaka 30, hanyuma nta.