Amateka y'inyuguti
Kubara Monte Cristo - Imiterere ya Roman Alexandra Duma, werekanye urugero rwimbaraga zitarakaye zumwuka. Urukundo no kwihorera, guhemukira ninyota yubuzima, kugorwa bityaye hamwe nintege nke - umwanditsi wumufaransa yaremye igihangano gidasanzwe cyubuvanganzo bwisi.Amateka yo kurema imico
Mu ntangiriro za 1940 za XIX, Alexander Duma yishimye yambaraga umutwe wanditse amateka yo gutangaza amateka, ahuriweho ninjyana nshya yikinyamakuru - Flamton. Muri iyo minsi, yumva yitwaga imirimo iva mucyumba cyo mucyumba hamwe na Mariko "Komeza".
Kuva kera, umwanditsi yari yicaye ku ntebe y'ubwami nyamukuru ndashimira "Abaterago batatu", ariko rimwe na rimwe mugenzi we, ariko rimwe na rimwe mugenzi we, akurikije Peru Eugene XU yashoboye kurenza umwanditsi w'amateka. Intsinzi yo mu gitabo cye "Amabanga ya Paris" yakwegereye abasomyi muri ikibanza cyashyizwe mubihe bigezweho. Abaturage bishimiye guharanira amahirwe yo "kuba barambuye Keykhile" kubuzima bwabahagarariye umuryango.
Alexander Duma yahise ahitamo impamvu yo gukumira ibihangano byumunywanyi kandi nanone byinjiye mu gushakisha igitekerezo cyimirimo, aho ibyabaye mubuzima bwa bo mu gihe cyo mu gihe cyazo bizasobanurwa. Ingingo yikinyamakuru Kuva muri Polisi Amateka Yifungiye mu kwibuka - amateka akwiriye igitabo cyose. Prototype y'Iki gihe cyo kubara Monte cristo yiswe Francois Pico. Inkombe y'inyangamugayo kandi yiyobeye yaje mu murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa kuva mu mujyi wa we mu ntara, azinga umukunzi we mu muryango ukize witwa Margarita Imbaraga. Ababyeyi bateguye abakobwa mugihe cyamafaranga ibihumbi 100.
Inshuti zanditse nk'ibyeneye inyandiko y'ibinyoma ku nzego z'Abafaransa zerekeye isuku y'umusore wemeze ko Ubwongereza, maze Picika atura imyaka irindwi mu kigero, ndetse akekwa no gutabwa gufata. Muri iyi nkuru itangaje kandi ni subcople ku cyumba gituranye, ndetse no kumenya imico nyamukuru hamwe n'umupadiri urwaye, kandi ibanga ry'ubutunzi bwihishe mu Butaliyani. Igihe imbaraga z'Ubwami zaraguye, Francois yavuye muri gereza. Mu izina ry'impimbano, umugabo yasubiye mu murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa, imyaka icumi kugira ngo yerekeje inzitizi ku nshuti zidacogora.
Dumas yafashe ibyabaye ntabwo ari iminsi miremire, yongeye gukora kandi akungahaza inyuguti zishushanya umugambi wo gutanga intangarugero witwa Edmon Dantez. Izina rya kabiri - Kubara Monte Cristo - Yagaragaye Nyuma y'urugendo rw'umwanditsi mu 1942 ku kirwa cya Elba hamwe na mwishywa ukiri muto wa Napoleon Bonaparte. Hano umwanditsi yishimiye ubwiza nimigani yizinga rya Montecristo, kandi izina ubwaryo ryateje umunezero. Kurenga ku majwi abiri, Dumas yakoraga mu 1844-1845, icyarimwe abasozwe bahawe ibicuruzwa mubitabo.
Ubuzima hamwe nishusho yo kubara Monte Cristo
Edmond Dantes ni umusare ukiri muto, amazi atagira agashyi adashira mubwato "Farawo". Ibisobanuro byerekana isura yintwari umwanditsi umwe ntabwo yitondera: Glimpse yavuzwe ko ari byiza, ntabwo ari iterambere ryinshi, "n'amaguru n'amaguru mato, kimwe n'abandi bose." Mu mpera za Gashyantare 1815, ahagarara ku mwanya wapfuye mu nzira ya kapiteni w'icyombo, asohoza ibyo ya nyuma by'Umucungu, koga ku kirwa cya Elba kugira ngo yimure paki y'ibanga Marshal Berran. Mu kugaruka, Dantes yakiriye ibaruwa izanwa ku murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa no guha Bwana Naurge, umwe mu bagambanyi mu gusubira ku ntebe y'umwami wa Evershoe.Hagati aho, nyir'ubwo bwa bwato bwemewe Edmond kugira ngo ahagarare ku mugaragaro ku ruziga "Farawo", ariko imigambi ntabwo igenewe gusohora. Inyuguti y'ingenzi yari yaramaze kubona n'abanzi - iyi ni umucungamari ishyari bwato sosiyete Danglar, umurobyi Fernand Mondogo, ufite ibitekerezo nkunda we, ubwiza Mercedes, kandi umudozi cadrush, akaba yononekaye se Edmon.
Ubutatu bwateraniye muri Tavern, aho Dougla yanditse atazwi n'ukuboko kwe kw'ibumoso, yandikiwe umushinjacyaha Wilfor - mu butumwa yagerageje urugendo rwa Dantes kuri Elbe. Urubanza ntirushobora kubona intambwe, kuko icyaha kitari cyo. Ariko kubazwa, Porokireri, gusoma ibaruwa yakiriwe kuri Elbe, birateye ubwoba: umubyimbagirana wa Noryatier ni se kavukire.
Kugira ngo tutitabira umukino uteje akaga ubangamiye umushinjacyaha mu gufungwa n'ubushobozi bwo gushaka, kubafata icyemezo cyo kutareka gukora ubutumwa gusa, ahubwo no kwikuramo Dantes. Umusare w'inzirakarengane rero afite ubuzima bwose mu gufungwa, muri gereza azira imfungwa za politiki - mu gihome cya politiki iyo, yubatswe hagati y'inyanja.
Nyuma yimyaka itanu, Edmon yihebye agiye gupfa, yanga ibiryo, ariko yigeze yumva amajwi yo gukubitwa kubera urukuta kandi akumva ko atari njye wenyine - umuntu aragerageza gukora urugero. Kuborora iminsi birashira mu mirimo, hanyuma, amaherezo abaturanyi bahuye. Imfungwa Abbot Faria yaguye mu gihome imyaka ine mbere yuko Dante.
Umuyoboro wize wizize, umusaza wizeye kuzagera kurukuta rwo hanze kugirango asimbukire muri marine yoroshye ku bwisanzure butegerejwe. Abagabo bahisemo kugira ngo uyu ntego yumusazi hamwe, ariko abbot yakubise uburwayi butagira ibyiringiro. Mbere y'urupfu rwe, yabwiye ihuriro ryerekeye ubutunzi butagereranywa bwabitswe ku kirwa cya Monte Cristo.
Edmonde yashoboye kubeshya umuzamu, yihishe mu mufuka yateguriye umugabo wapfuye. Ibendera rikomeje kutamenyekana, kandi intwari isohoka mu nyanja ifunguye. Muri imbyin mbi za magendu zisanga ubutunzi kuri icyo kirwa kandi, bahindukirira umukire w'igihugu, bahisemo kumenya impamvu y'igifungo.
Mu mwenda wa padiri, agera kuri Kadrussu afite ubutumwa bubabaje - Edmond Dante yategetse igihe kirekire kubaho. Uwahoze ari inshuti abwira byose nk'umwuka ku ibaruwa itazwi, ndetse n'ukuri se wa Dawtes yapfuye azize inzara, kandi Mercedes ntiyategereje ko umukwe, yemera icyifuzo cy'intoki n'imitima ya Fernan Mondego.
Dantete yahisemo kwihorera ku byaha byamutegetse. Bibaho mu myaka icyenda, intwari ikoresha ingendo, uburezi no kubaka ingoro zabo kuri icyo kirwa, aho ubutunzi bwigeze buboneka.
Dantes rimwe, munsi yizina rya Monte cristo, ihinduka inshuro ebyiri zumuryango wibutse, uhatira urumuri guhinda umushyitsi nubutunzi bwiza. Umugabo atangira gahunda yo kwihorera yitonze. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Kadruss yapfuye kubera umururumba we, Fernan yiyahuye, Umusazi yasaze, Dougur arategeka ajya kwiruka mu gihugu cye kavukire. Ariko, munzira, byagabanijwe nabantu bakoraga kubara.
Kurambirwa no kwihorera, Edmond Danters yumvise ko inkota y'ubutabera ye nayo itagaragaza inzirakarengane zihuye n'ibitagenda ku bw'impanuka. Intwari yahisemo guhagarara. Amaze gutanga ubuzima bwa Dansgrana no kuva mu gihome Monte cristo ku murambo umuhungu wa nyir'ubwitere "Farawo" n'umugeni we, Dantes areremba mu bitazwi yatanze hamwe no kugenzura.
Ibiranga Intwari musubiramo aho abo mu gihe ntabwo buri gihe bidashidikanywaho. Dantes ni uwihorera byihariye, ariko munsi yubukonje hamwe ndetse n'imbabazi ahisha umutima mwiza. Impamvu nyamukuru yiki gitabo ntabwo ari ugukura no kwezwa kumiterere ye, ahubwo ni uguhindura byuzuye imico, guhinduka kwimiterere no imbere. Dumas yaremye igikundiro, ishusho y'amayobera ikurura abasomyi b'imyaka iyo ari yo yose.
Muri Dumas y'Abaroma ku buryo buto, yatekereje ku butegetsi bw'umuntu wababaje, bityo amagambo yo kwihorera asuzugura kandi agasuzuguro k'imihindagurikire y'abantu yifata umwanya wihariye mu gitabo "Kubara Monte Cristo".
Kubara Monte Cristo muri firime
Guhuza na firime yumurimo uzwi wa Alexander Duma ntabwo, birakwiye rero ko tuziritse kumurika. Mbere ya byose, iyi ni filime "kubara Monte Clisto", kurasa mu 1954. Mu bayobozi bashushanya Robert Verne yakusanyije inyenyeri zo muri cinema y'i Burayi, uruhare runini rwo gutanga Jean Mare.
Indorerezi ziva muri USSR mu 1988, uhumeka, urebe ko ingabo ya mbere, zahinduye izina ku "mfungwa y'umwe". Umuyobozi wa firime y'Abasoviyeti Georgy Jungwald-Khilkevich yerekanye uruhare rw'igishushanyo icyarimwe abakinnyi ba Edmon Dan, na Evgeny Dvatsky - mu busore bwe.
Umuyobozi Jose Daian yashyikirije isi akazi keza aho Gerard Destardieu na Ornell Mutu nta nzitizi. Premiere y'urukurikirane "Kubara Monte Cristo" yabaye mu 1998.
Amaherezo, abafana ba Sinema bashyize ahagaragara filime itanga umusaruro wa Amerika, Ubwongereza na Irilande. Gukodesha gukodesha "kubara Monte Clisto" (2002) hamwe na James Cavizel yarenze kabiri amafaranga yakoreshejwe ku kurasa.
Umugambi w'Igitabo cyabaye ishingiro ry'imiziki 4 na ikinamico ya muzika "i - Edmon Dantes".
Ibintu bishimishije
- Alexander Duma, kimwe numuntu upfa, arota ubutunzi budahagarara nubuzima bwiza. Igitangaje, cyari igitabo kijyanye n'umugabo ugizwe na gereza no kuba umukire ku buntu, kizana umwanditsi ku mwanditsi. Umwanditsi yahawe amafaranga menshi avuye ku bitabo, ntabwo byoroshye kumara, ariko Dumas yishimiye cyane ubutunzi. Umwanditsi yaguze ikinamico n'Ikinyamakuru, ariko rwiyemezamirimo ntiyigeze amuvamo - yagiye guhomba. Inzu nziza cyane yari yagombaga kugurisha muri cyamunara.
- Izina ryimiterere nyamukuru mugihe ryabaye imyanwa: kubara Monte-Cristo yitwa abantu, mu buryo butunguranye kandi bwanze ku buryo butunguranye, mu gihe amateka yabo atwikiriwe n'amayobera.
- Hariho ibitabo byakomeje kwitirirwa duma wenyine ubwe cyangwa umuhungu we, ariko mubyukuri, ucibwa ibiranga imiterere nururimi, ni ibya Peru abandi banditsi.
- Ku mpamvu z'uruhererekane, anime yuruheremo 24 yarashwe. Ibikorwa bye bigaragaye mu gihe cya kure, ariko abanditsi bashoboye kubika ibintu bigize aestthetike byaba kera.
Amagambo
Birasa natwe ko Imana yatwigiriye mugihe ubutabera bwe ari umudari; Ariko bitinde bitebuke aratwibutsa, kandi iki ni gihamya. Nzi neza ko urupfu rushobora kwicwa, ariko sibyo, ubwibone na Egoism na Egoism! Dukurikije ubwibone bwa hagati, abantu biteguye gutsinda ishoka, kandi iyo ubwibone bwabo bwumurize urushinge, bavuza induru. Nibyo, bantu! Amafaranga y'ingona, kuko Karl Moore yavuze! Ndakuzi, igihe cyose ukwiye wenyine.Bibliografiya
- 1844 - "Kubara Monte Cristo"
Filmography
- 1908 - "Kubara Monte Cristo" (USA)
- 1908 - "Kubara Monte Cristo (Ubutaliyani)
- 1910 - LE Gerezanier du Château D'Niba (Ubufaransa)
- 1910 - "Monte Clisto" (USA)
- 1917 - "Monte Cristo ya kijyambere" (USA)
- 1922 - "Monte Clisto" (USA)
- 1929 - Monte Cristo (Ubufaransa)
- 1934 - "Hagati ya Monte Cristo" (USA)
- 1942 - "Kubara Monte Cristo" (Mexico)
- 1942 - "Kubara Monte Cristo" (Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani)
- 1946 - "Umugore Monte Cristo" (USA)
- 1954 - "Kubara Monte Cristo" (Mexico, Arijantine)
- 1961 - "Kubara Monte Cristo" (Ubutaliyani, Ubufaransa)
- 1968 - "Garuka Monte Cristo" (Ubufaransa)
- 1975 - "Kubara Monte Clisto" (Ubwongereza, Ubutaliyani)
- 1979 - "Kubara Monte Cristo" (Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani, Ubudage)
- 1988 - "Imfungwa y'ikigo gihe: (USSR, Ubufaransa)
- 1998 - "Kubara Monte Clisto" (Ubudage, Ubufaransa, Ubutaliyani)
- 2002 - "Kubara Monte Clisto" (USA, Ubwongereza, Irilande)
- 2008 - "Montecristo" (Uburusiya)