Ubuzima
Oscar shindler ni rwiyemezamirimo w'Ubudage, umworozi wakijije mu ntambara ya kabiri y'isi yose, abahitanywe na jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi, mu kwimura "kwimura" kwiyahura "na Repubulika ya Tchkic. Intwari nyamukuru yigitabo "Schindler Isanduku" na Filime "Urutonde rwa Schindler".
Oscar yavutse ku ya 28 Mata 1908 mu mujyi wa Zwittau, icyo gihe wari ku butaka bwa Otirishiya-Hongiriya. Ababyeyi b'umuhungu, Hans Schindler na Francis baratsinzwe, bimukiye mu majyaruguru y'igihugu kuva Vienne. Mu 1915, umukobwa wa Elforte yavukiye mu muryango. Mu 1918, umujyi kavukire wa Oscar ujyanye no gusenyuka kwa Otirishiya-Hongiriya wanyuze mu bubasha bwa Cekosolovakiya.
Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri, Oscar yinjiye mu ishuri rya tekiniki muri Brno. Ntibyashobokaga gutanga ikizamini cyerekana, maze atura se imyaka itatu kuri sosiyete, yakoraga mu kugurisha imashini z'ubuhinzi no kubara. Mu myaka akiri muto, Oscar yayoboye ubuzima butagira impungenge kandi yakundaga gusiganwa moto. Guhera kuva 1927, nyuma yubukwe, Oscar yinjiye muri serivisi yerekeza ku isosiyete y'amashanyarazi ya Moraviya ipima, ibiro bikuru byari muri Brno.
Amaze gukora igihe runaka mwishuri ryo gutwara umujyi, yakoraga amezi 18 mu ntera ya Kaporali mu ngabo za Ceki. Serivisi, asubiye mu nshingano ze. Mu 1931, Oscar yatakaje aho yahantu kubera gufunga umushinga w'ingabo maze ahatirwa kujya mu murwa mukuru w'Ubudage kugira ngo abone amafaranga. Umwaka umwe, uwo musore yagarutse atangira kwishora mu buhinzi no muri banki muri banki ya Jaroquev. Schindler nawe yakoraga mumitungo itimukanwa. Oscar yashoboye kubaka inzu yabo muri Brno no gutanga inzu ifite uburyohe.
Inganda
Mu ntangiriro za 1938, Oscar Shindler yari igizwe na serivisi mu bwenge bw'Abanazi "Abman", nyuma y'amezi 6 afunzwe aregwa abapolisi b'ibanga muri Ceki. Inganda zabonye gusonerwa nyuma yuko akarere kavuzwe mu Budage, karakozwe nyuma yo gusinyana amasezerano ya Munich na Hitler.
Oscar Shindler yahise yinjiraga mu nzego z'ishyaka ry'abasosiyalisiti kandi, mu ntangiriro z'intambara ya kabiri z'Ubudage kandi, mu ntangiriro z'intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose, yasohotse na nyir'igihingwa cyo gukora amasahani yashyizwe muri Krakow, yahinduwe igihingwa cyo gukora intwaro.
Ku ikubitiro, Abayahudi barindwi bose bakoze mu gukora Oscar, ariko kubera ko ari bo bakorewe abakozi bahendutse, Schindler yagerageje gukurura abahagarariye ubwenegihugu bw'abayahudi bushoboka. Igihe Abayahudi batangiye gufata cyane inkambi ze, Oscar yashoboye kurengera abakozi be.
Intambara na feat
Mu 1942, Schindler ya Oscar, amenya amahano yose y'ibyabaye mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, aho Abayahudi bahisemo kurengera abantu bakandamijwe. Hamwe n'umucungamari w'umuryango we, Izhak, Orrans Oscar yubatse gahunda Abayahudi bavugaga, bakatirwa urwo rupfu rwegereje mu kigo cya Plash yakoranyirizwagamo.
Mu myaka itatu, inganda zashoboye gukiza abagabo 800, abagore 300 n'abana 100, zitwara Oscar kuri miliyoni 2.6 Reichsmarock. Mu 1943, Schindler yashoboye gukiza abakozi be kurasa, batera ubwoba nyuma yo gusura uruganda rwa Reichsführara SS Himmur. Gukiza abantu kuva gutwika mu itanura Auschwitz, Oscar Schindler yahisemo mu Kuboza 1944 kugira ngo hakurikizwe hagamijwe kuvanaga Abayahudi kuva mu karere keza k'umuryango we Brenolen.
Nyuma y'intambara
Ingabo z'Abasoviyeti zinjiye mu mujyi wa Brenolen muri Gicurasi 1945, naho Schindler Oscar ntiyari akiriho. Igihe Nazi, yagombaga kwihisha hamwe n'umugore we mu batsindiye mu Budage. Mu rwego rwo gutegekwa kuba Abayahudi bavuga neza, bashoboye kutagira aho ngira akarere kabanyamerika utabogamye.
Bidatinze, Schindler, hamwe n'umugore we, yari mu Busuwisi, aho umushyirahamwe ry'Abayahudi wafashijwe kubaho. Nyuma yimyaka itatu gusa nintambara, Oscar yashoboye kwimukira muri Arijantine. Muri Buenos Aires, Chet Schindler yahuye n'umuryango w'Abayahudi, yagabanije umugambi w'ubutaka mu mujyi wa San Vista.
Schindler yatangiye korora inyoni, ariko ananirwa kubaka rwiyemezamirimo wubucuruzi. Mu 1958, Oscar yonyine yasubiye mu Budage, afata amanota ibihumbi 100 mu ngengo y'imari y'umuryango. Kuri aya mafranga murugo Schindler yagerageje gutangira umusaruro, ariko buri mushinga wa Rwiyemezamirimo yaguye.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1927, Oscar Shindler yashakanye na Emilia Pelzl, kavukire mu mujyi wa Malyantin. Umukobwa yari umukwe mukuru umwaka. Ababyeyi bahaye Emily Silded nziza - amakamba ibihumbi 100 za Ceki, aho urubyiruko rwashoboye kugura imodoka gusa. Amafaranga asigaye yaburiwe yaburiwe ipfundagura oscar. Kubwamahirwe abashakanye, Oscar yahindutse gukunda cyane kuburyo aho hose babasha gutangira ibitabo. Kuva mu kigero cya Orel Schgate ya Orel Schgar kuri Oscar yavutse abana babiri - mwene Oscar n'umukobwa wa Edita.
Mu gihe cy'intambara, Emilia yagize uruhare rugaragara mu gakiza k'Abayahudi, afasha Schindler gutondekanya mu nzego zo hejuru za SS. Nyuma y'intambara, Emilia yarasamye, ariko yabuze umwana kandi akomeza gutanga imbuto. Nyuma yo gutandukana, ku mpera za 50, oncar amanika umugore we maze ajya mu Budage. Emilia yagombaga kugurisha umutungo no gutura mu nzu mu nkengero z'umujyi. Kugeza ku minsi ishize, umugore yakoraga nk'umucuruzi.
Urupfu
Imyaka yashize, Oscar yabayeho nabi, yongenganya muri societe yabayahudi na pansiyo nto muri leta. Umusaza yahuriye umuganga umwe mu muryango we. Ku ya 9 Ukwakira 1974, mfite imyaka 66, Shindler yapfiriye mu mujyi wa Hildesheim. Impamvu y'urupfu niyo ndwara ya oncologiya.
Ku bushake bwa Prihi, Umudage yashyinguwe i Yeruzalemu munsi ya Siyoni yinjira mu irimbi rya kera gatolika. Noneho ku mva ya Schindler buri munsi, abakomoka ku Bayahudi barokoye bashimira indabyo n'amabuye. Schindler yabaye Nazi wenyine wubashye icyubahiro cyo kuryama ku gihugu cyera.
Firime n'ibitabo
Mu ntangiriro za 80, umwanditsi ukomoka muri Ositaraliya Thomas Kinmall yanditse igitabo "Ark Shinler", yakuye inkuru yumvise ibya Oscar Schindlerg. Mu 1982, izina ryahawe amafaranga ya Bucker, kandi ubuzima bwa rwiyemezamirimo w'Ubudage bwashishikarijwe gutanga imibare.
Umuyobozi wa Holilywood azwi cyane Stephen Spielberg yafashe akazi kuri firime yubuhanzi "urutonde rwa Schindler". Ikinamico ya gisirikare yarekuwe mu 1993 kuri ecran yakiriye amafaranga 7 ya Oscar. Ubuyobozi bw'umuhanzi Liam nison bwamenyekanye na firime ya Amerika ya firime umukinnyi mwiza. Kugeza ubu, filime ifatwa nkimwe mubihangano bya filmmom.
Mu 2001, umuhanga mu by'amateka ya Ceki n'umwanditsi Yitka Grunov yanditse igitabo "Ukuri kuri Oscare Schindler", yari ashingiye ku nyandiko z'ukuri n'amafoto y'intara. Umwanditsi yasanze ari ibimenyetso, kokamanwa n'uruhare rw'Abanazi kugira ngo arokore abakozi 1200. Inyandiko imwe rukumbi yemeza agakiza k'abayahudi benshi ko yakorewe kuri Marcel Goldberg. Byagaragaye ko ababonye umubare runaka w'amafaranga yaje kurutonde.
Byongeye kandi, Schindlerlerler yeguye kuri filime inganda yeguriwe Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose yavuze ko yafashe uruganda mu buryo bwa guverinoma y'Ubudage kure y'umurongo w'imbere, kandi atari ku bushishozi bwayo, kugira ngo akize Abayahudi, kugira ngo akize abayahudi mu umutekano ahantu. Mu cyemezo cy'Ishuri ry'amateka y'Ishuri rya Siyansi rya Ceki, Umudage w'inganda ryabadage ryakuwe ku rutonde rw'abantu badakomeye bo mu karere k'ibihugu.