Ubuzima
Uhagarariye urumuri rw'intore mu bihangano mu binyejana bya 19, Mikhail Vrubel, yari yizeye ko guhanga ari byo bifitanye isano n'ubuhinzi bwa Crystal, bishingiye ku byifuzo bya kristu. Biterwa ninshuti ikuzimu. Utiriwe ucikamo kanoni yemewe muri rusange ibihimbano, Umuremyi yari azi ko yinjira mu shyamba ry'isi, ashushanya ibintu bisanzwe byo gukundana kw'ishusho kandi akabahagararira mu rukiko rw'abakunda gushushanya.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Mikhail Alexandrovich Vrubel yavutse ku ya 5 Werurwe 1856, iherereye ku mbuzi y'inzuzi za Irttysh hamwe n'umujyi wa Omsk Omsk. Se w'umuhanzi Alexander Mikhaiaich - mu bihe byashize, umukozi w'igihugu, umwe mu bagize intambara ya Crimée akanarwana muri Caucase, umunyamategeko wa gisirikare. Nyina wa Anna Grigorievna - Umuvandimwe w'Umushumba Basarin - yibarutse abana 4 arapfa igihe Mikayeli yari afite imyaka itatu. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, se yashakanye na Piyano ya kabiri piyanolieliareti ya Piyani. Ndashimira ubu bugingo bugwaneza, umugore urukundo no gusobanukirwa umuziki yagumye mumuhanzi mubuzima.
Kubijyanye n'imiterere y'imirimo y'umutwe w'umuryango, bahoze bava mu mujyi bajya mu mujyi. Mu 1865, umuryango wimukiye mu karere ka Volga, aho Liyetona Coloneli Vrubel yemeye itegeko ry'imiryango y'intara. Muri Saratov, Michael abonye kopi y'ibikoresho by'Ubutaliyani n'umuhanzi Michelangelo "urukiko ruteye ubwoba", yashoboye kubyara se na nyirayo, bashoboye kubyara amakuru yose aranga nyuma yo kureba.
Impengamiro y'umuhungu we mu buhanzi yishimiye na Alexander Mikhaich, ariko ntacyo yahinduyeho imigambi umutware wumuryango yari afite kuri samuragwa. Ibikorwa byumwuga bya Mikhail byateganijwe mbere yivuka rye. Umuhungu ufite impano ntiyumva yishimiye cyane aba avoka, ariko se ntiyitinyutse kugenda.
Mu 1874, Vrubel yinjiye mu ishami ry'amategeko ya kaminuza ya St. Petersburg. Umurwa mukuru w'amajyaruguru wakoze hypnotic: Inzu Ndangamurage y'Ubwubatsi, aho buri nzu, buri kintu cyari gifite amateka yabo, yigarurira umusore ukora. Yabanaga n'abavandimwe ku muhanda w'igishamba mu nzu ya 47, no mu baturanyi (mu nzu 53) mu gice cy'ikinyejana, umuhanuzi w'ubuvanganzo yahagaritswe na Sergeevich funkin.
Ubuzima bwigenga hanze yurwego nabujije kwa Data byahumetswe Mikhail. Umusore yashoboraga, adatinya uburakari bukiranuka bwumutware wumuryango, bagenda bitinze hamwe nabanyeshuri bagenzi bawe ninshuti, kuganira ku nsanganyamatsiko y'umuziki nyawe. Mu myaka yabanyeshuri, Vrubel yamenyereye uwahimbye Petrovich PONTROVIHS MUSOGSKY. Uyu muhanzi w'indashyikirwa wuzuye ibitekerezo bye, imyizerere n'ibihimbano ku isi yo mu mwuka ya Mikhail kugeza imperuka. Mu buryo bwo gutekereza uburyo byiyoroshya byamennye piyano, humura "VILA" na Visimo ya Loaus na Mephistofel, mu gihe cy'Umuhanzi yahuye na canvas.
Muri icyo gihe kimwe, Vrubel yari azi ko iyo myaka ari ingenzi cyane mu buhanzi, amukoresha umunyamahanga. Minisiteri nk'umunyamategeko wa gisirikare hamwe n'ibyiringiro byose by'umwuga byasabwe kubera imyumvire y'umukobwa ukiri muto ufitiye akanagira ishusho. Umusore wa Pavlo Petrovich Chistyakova yatangiye gusura ibiganiro byamabati pevel perrajakov mu bunganira. Muri Mutarama 1880, Mikhail yarangije muri kaminuza, kandi mu rugendo yiyandikishije ku mugaragaro mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi.
Icyemezo cy'Umwana, cyateje isoni imigenzo yo mu muryango no gutoza inzira y'ubuzima bwe, yica Alexander Mikhaiah atera ubwoba. Umubano hagati ya bene wangiritse bidasubirwaho.
Mu 1882, Mikhail yaje gutenguha mu buryo bwo kwigisha busanzwe, kandi kubera ibitekerezo bitera abanyeshuri gukunda kashe humye na kashe y'inyamanswa, nta kimenyetso cyagumye. Amaze kuba umujyanama Vrubel, Paver Petrovich yafunguye abashya mu munyeshuri, ntibigaragaje. Akazi kanditswe na vrubel mugihe cyamahugurwa, wabonye imiterere yuburinganire kandi kugeza nubu bibitswe muri Fondasiyo.
Gushushanya
Inteko ya mbere yumunyeshuri ukora cyane yabonaga umudari muto wa feza yinza yo gushushanya "Mariya yasezeranye na Yozefu". Kumurika kugoreka byatumye bishoboka kugera ku makarita meza mu guhererekanya urumuri n'igicucu, bityo bigakora umwuka ushimishije, umurikirwa mu mwuka mu mwuka, abantu bagaragaza ko Cavase. Ikimenyetso cy'itandukaniro nacyo cyahaye akazi "kugaburira Abaroma", aho hands zikiri nto zashushanyijeho, ziseka cyane wa Patrician.
Mu kugwa kwa 1883, Porofeseri Prakhov ku byemezo bya Chistyakov yatumiye Vrubel to Kiev gukora ku gusana itorero rya Kirillov bo mu kinyejana cya Xii. Mu mujyi, yambitswe ikamba ry'insengero za kera, kandi ubuzima bwigenga bwa Mikhail bwatangiye. Ugushyingo 1884, Adrian Viktorovich yohereje umuhanzi wagaragaye neza kuri Venise. Ubwiza bw'Umujyi w'Urukundo cyane bw'Ubutaliyani ntabwo bwatanze ibitekerezo kuri Mikhail. Vrubel yamaze umwanya munini muri katedrali n'ingoro ndangamurage, akuramo ibyabaye ku bayobozi bakomeye bo mu kuvugurura.
Nyuma yo gukoresha Venike mu gice cy'umwaka umwe, muri Mata 1885, Vrubel yasubiye i Kiev kandi asubiye mu rugendo rwakoze amashusho ane: "Mutagatifu Kirill, "Nyina w'Imana hamwe n'umwana", "Mutagatifu Athanasius "na" Kristo Umukiza. " Mikhail yahujije hamwe amashoka kandi akubabaza akuramo Byzantine hamwe nuzuye byuzuye amashusho ya Renaissane kandi yuzuza ubwoko bwangombwa bwintumwa 12 zibangamiye kuri arch, inyama n'amaraso. Birashimishije kubona abantu mubatagatifu banditse banditse kuva aziranye. Mubikorwa bitandukanye byo gusana, usibye "ibirambike byumwuka wera ku ntumwa", abamurwa "mu bwinjiriro bwa Nyagasani i Yerusalemu" na "icyunamo".
Ikintu cyose gikomeye kandi cyuzuye cyuzuyemo imirimo mu rusengero rwa Kirillovsky, Mikhail yari mu rwego rw'imirimo ya kanonised. Imiterere ye hamwe nishyaka ryabaringishije basabye gusohoka mu mbaraga zibara ryegeranye. Mu 1886, urumuri rwabonye igishushanyo mbonera cya kamere "umukobwa inyuma ya tapi ya peteroliya" nishusho "umugani" wirasirazuba ". Imirimo yubuzima bwuzuye, igaragaza rwose ibiyobyabwenge bya Vrubel kumasoko yoroshye yamabara no gushushanya ibice.
Mu 1887, Prakhov yakuruye Vrubel ku gishushanyo cya katedrali ya Vladimir. Mikhail Alexandrovich yakoze byibuze amahitamo atandatu kuri "imva" (bane). Uyu mugambi udahari mu butumwa bwiza kandi ntabwo aranga igishushanyo cya orotodogisi, ariko kiboneka mubuhanzi bwumutaliyani. Birashimishije kubona imirimo yigenga ya Vrubel, aho yahishuye bwa mbere iyo dayimoni, yaranze. Byongeye kandi, urwenya rushushanyijeho igishushanyo rwateje amakimbirane ya Adrik Viktorovich, kandi mu 1889 yakuyeho umuhanzi kukazi.
Ntabwo byemewe nabakozi b'itorero, Mikhail afite amahirwe kuri Moscou. Ishusho "Umudayimoni wicaye", yerekana umumarayika waguye hamwe nubugingo bwabantu bakomeretse, babaye ikimenyetso cyibihe biri imbere. Uyu murimo, Mikhail Alexandrovich yangije uburyo bwiza bwo guhagarika ubushobozi butagira aho bibanwa, kuba ikintu cyo kugaba ibitero no kubarirwa.
Mu gihe cya Moscou, Vrubel yanditse amashusho s.i Mammont na K.D. Artsybushev, ikora imbaho zishushanya "Venise" n '"Umugacekanzi wa Gleza", kandi agaragaza kandi umusigo Mikhail Yurevich "Umudayimoni", "Umudayimoni ku irembo ry'abihaye Imana". , "Itariki ya Tarara na Demoni").
Uruhare rwa Vrubel mu bikorwa by'imurikabikorwa bya "Isi y'ubuhanzi" kandi umubare w'amahanga mu by'amahanga wazanye icyamamare bw'Uburayi. Mu bihe byatinze byatinze, igishushanyo "cyaka", cyerekana "lilac", "partoc", "paarl", "Serapli", "Seraphim itandatu" na "Gadalka" na "Gadalka ". Igikorwa cya nyuma cya Shebuja cyari igishushanyo cyumusizi-Virtiste Versov, iyo, kubera indwara igenda itera, Umuremyi ntabwo yigeze arangira.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ishyaka rya mbere rikomeye rya Vrubel ryari umugore wa Prahova Emilia Lvovna. Nk'uko ba biomurimu babivuga, ni isura ye ko yashushanijwe ku nyandiko nyuma yo kuva muri Venise Agashusho "Umudamu wacu hamwe n'umwana". Kwifuza cyane kubo bashakanye muri Patron Mikhail bashoboye gutsinda.
Ibikurikira gutsimbataza inyungu zakuze mubukwe. Kuva mu byiringiro byumugore wambere nuwizere numukuru wa Ivanovna wumuhanzi, namenyesheje inshuti ya Moscou Savva Mamontov. Mugihe cyo gukundana numuhanzi yari azi gusa uruziga rufunganye rwabakundana, kandi ibyiringiro byari bisanzwe muri Opera yigenga yigenga. Uyu muhanzikazi n'ijwi rye n'ubwiza byahumetswe na Vrubel kugira ngo yandike igishushanyo "gerel na gretel", aho yagereranyaga n'incuti ye Tatyana Lyubakatovich.
Birashimishije kubona amasezerano yamenyerejwe hagati yumuhanzi na Databuja, yavuze ko niba akazi katsinze, Nadia nta gasozi ashaka Mikhail. Akazi karashobokaga. Ibirori byubukwe byabereye i Geneve. Umugore Vrubel yasengaga. Ubukwe bwasaga naho ari umwanzuro mwiza w'imyaka myinshi azerera mu gushakisha. Usibye roho zashingiweho, Rurema yakiriye ikizere mugihe kizaza. Muri Nzeri 1901, Mikhail n'ibyiringiro byavutse ari savva nkeya, ariko iki cyishimo cyari cyarigishe akamenyetso k'umuhungu - umunwa wera.
Vrubel yabonye "maraso yangiritse" n "" umurage wica "kandi kuva icyo gihe yaje gutekereza kandi aratatana. Iyi miterere yubugingo yahinduye imigambi yose yo guhanga hanyuma isubira mwishusho ya dayimoni. Nyuma y'amezi abiri avutse, umuhungu yatangiye ifoto "umudayimoni batsinzwe". Kora kuri yo yamaze kumwaka, yahagaritswe gusa mugihe gito yigisha stylisation kubanyeshuri bo mwishuri rya Stroswanovsky. Ariko igihe kinini cyo kuva mu "dayimoni" watsinzwe.
Ishusho yanditse nkuko yabyibushye, rimwe na rimwe saa 20 kumunsi, yishyigikira. Yahinduye umudayimoni w'umudayimoni, nubwo ifoto yari isanzwe muri imurikagurisha "isi yubuhanzi". Urwego rudasanzwe rw'inshingano yajyanye ku bitugu bye hagati ya psychologiya itajegajeye mu muhanzi. Irangi ryangije muburyo bukabije. Yibwiraga ko ahagarariye igihano cyo kwemerera kwandika Kristo na dayimoni.
Urupfu
Muri Mata 1902, Vrubel yashyize mu ivuriro rya Moscou. Abaganga basuzumwe na ba shebuja uburwayi budakira. Muri Werurwe 1903, quabuja yabaye, kandi umuhanzi yarasezerewe, ariko, kuko byagaragaye muri make. Muri Gicurasi, uwo mwaka, mwene Vrubeli yarapfuye, muri Nzeri, Mikhail yongeye kugwa mu ivuriro. Ibyumweru biteye ubwoba byo kwibagirwa kandi bidasigaranye isaha ituje ituje - hanyuma irangi, ariko, bisabwe nabaganga kuva muri kamere gusa, ntakintu kimwe.
Kudakira, mu myaka yashize, indwara igenda itera imbere mu 1906 yateye gutakaza igiti cyo kureba. Mu myaka ine ishize, Mikhail Alexandrovich yamaze mu mwijima w'ikibuga mu bitaro bya St. Petersburg ku ndwara mu mutwe.
Umuhanzi yababajwe nuko atagifite amahirwe yo gutekereza ku buzima, kugenda muri byo yari afite amahirwe yo gufata amahirwe ye. Vrubel ntabwo yagerageje kwiyahura, ariko, ahagaze mu minsi ikonje munsi yidirishya rifunguye, yazanye nkana imperuka yanze bikunze. Mikhail Alexandrovich yapfuye azize umuriro w'ibihaha ku ya 1 Mata 1910. Ijambo ritera inkunga mu gihe cyo gushyingura, ryabereye ku irimbi rya Novogeyevichy, rivuga ko umuhanzi ati: "Hamagara umuhanzi" umusasu w'indimi. "
Mu 1913, hafi ya Vrub, nashyinguwe ibyiringiro by byiringiro byiringiro Ivanovna imyaka itatu.
Akazi
- "Hamle na Opheli";
- "Imva";
- "Indege ya Faust na Mephistofel";
- "Pristaver";
- "Igicucu cya Lagun";
- Serafimu y'amabara atandatu;
- "Venise";
- "Lilac";
- "Pan";
- "Abadayimoni bicaye";
- "Isaro";
- "BogaTyr";
- "Urubura rwa shelegi".