Ubuzima
Pavel Petrovich's Bazhova ivuga ko uyu mwanditsi yari afite ibyago byishimo. Imyaka Nkuru yabayeho ubuzima burebure kandi bwamahoro bwuzuyemo ibyabaye. Indwara ya politiki yose ya politiki itagaragara neza ituje kandi muri ibyo bihe bitoroshye byashoboye kugera kumenyekana no kuba icyamamare. Mu myaka myinshi, Bazhov yakoraga mu mucyo we - yagerageje gukora umugani.
Ibikorwa byayo biracyakundwa nurubyiruko no mu gisekuru gikuru. Ahari, hari abantu bake batabonye igikariri cya Soviet "feza" cyangwa ntibasomeraga icyegeranyo cyinkuru "isanduku iriho", ikubiyemo neza "ururabo rwamabuye", kandi "izina rihenze".
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Pavel Petrovich Bazhov yavutse 15 (27 muburyo bushya) Mutarama 1879. Umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yakuze kandi arera mu muryango usanzwe. Se Peter Bazhov (mu ntangiriro kandi ko izina ryanditswe hakurya y'inyuguti "E"), gusiga amabuye y'agaciro y'umurima, ko mu karere ka Sverdlovsk. Nyuma, Bazhov yimukiye mu mudugudu wa Polevskaya. Umubyeyi w'umwanditsi yabonye akazi gakomeye k'umugati, kandi ntabwo yakoze ubuhinzi: nta gihugu gitangaje. Petero yari umuntu ukora cyane n'umuhanga udasanzwe mu bucuruzi bwe, ariko imitwe y'umugabo ntiyitotombeye, bityo iterambere ryakuze ryahindutse aho ukorera.
Ikigaragara ni uko umutware wumuryango yakundaga gufata ibinyobwa bishyushye kandi ahita agenda. Ariko ntabwo iyi ngeso mbi yabaye igisitaza hagati yabayobozi n'abayoborwa: Ihuriro ry'abasanduku ntabwo ryari ritazi kurinda ururimi rw'amenyo ye, bityo rero yanenze hejuru y'akazi no mu mukungugu. Nyuma, "kuvuga" Petero, ni nde kubwiyi mpamvu yitwaga imyitozo, yasubiye inyuma, kuko abanyamwuga nk'abo bahabwa agaciro n'uburemere bwa zahabu. Nibyo, ubutware bwuruganda ntabwo bwahise bufatanye no kubabarirwa, Bazhov yagombaga gukora akazi kuva kera. Mu bihe by'inkuba, umuryango wa Bazhov wagumye nta mibereho, bakijije inyungu zidasanzwe z'umukuru w'imiryango ndetse n'ubukorikori bw'umugore we Augustis Stefanovna (Osicteeva).
Nyina yabaye mu bahinzi bo muri Polonye, yayoboye urugo akazamura Pawulo. Nimugoroba yakundaga inshinge: Lace ntiyari yuzuye, imigabane yo gufungura iboheraga kandi irema izindi ntera nto. Ariko kubera iyi mirimo itoroshye, yakozwe mu mwijima, umugore yari afite icyerekezo gikomeye cyangiritse. By the way, nubwo imico ya mbere ya Petero, yari yarafitanye umubano numuhungu we. Nyirakuru Pawulo yakundaga kuvuga ko Se yari yinjije igihe cyose kandi ababarira ibibembe. Kandi muri Kanama, Stefanovna yari afite imico yoroshye kandi yoroshye, niko umwana yazamuwe mu rukundo n'ubwumvikane.
Pavel Petrovich bazhov yakuze n'umuhungu n'umuhungu w'abana. Mbere yo kwimuka, yasuye ishuri rya Zemusto muri Syrt, bwiganye neza. Pawulo yafashe ibintu ku isazi, yaba Ikirusiya cyangwa imibare, kandi buri munsi ashimisha bene wabo bafite imyaka itanu muri diary. Baztov yibukije ko urakoze gukubita bashoboye kubona uburezi bwiza. Umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yafashe Tomik w'Umwanditsi Ukomeye w'Uburusiya mu isomero ryaho mu bihe bibi: Umuganda w'ibitabo yategetse ko umusore yiga Umusore imirimo yose n'umutima wose. Ariko Pawulo yafataga uburemere uyu murimo.
Nyuma, umwarimu wishuri yabwiye umunyeshuri inshuti-yumuhanga nkumuyaga ufite impano kumuryango wakazi, uzi ibyamutwe bya Alexander Sergeevich. Gutangazwa n'abasore bafite impano, ishami ryahaye umuhungu itike y'ubuzima kandi ritanga uburere bwiza mu muryango ukennye. Pavel Bazhov yarangije ishuri rya Ekaterinburg, hanyuma yinjira mu iseminary yo mu mwuka yo mu mwuka. Umusore yatumiriwe gukomeza kwiga no kubona urusyo itorero, ariko, umusore ntiyashakaga gukorera mu itorero, ariko arota komipiki hejuru yigitabo ku ntebe ya kaminuza. Byongeye kandi, Pavel Petrovich ntabwo yari umunyamadini, ahubwo yari umuntu wimpinduramatwara.
Ariko nta mafaranga ahagije yo kwiga amashuri. Peter Bazshov yapfuye azize indwara y'umwijima, yagombaga kunyurwa na pansiyo ya Kanama Stefanovna. Kubwibyo, tutabonye impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza, Pater Petrovich yakoraga nk'umwarimu mu mashuri makuru yo mu mwuka ya Yekaterinburg na Kamyshlov, yigishije abanyeshuri Uburusiya n'ubuvanganzo. Bazhova yakundaga buri nyigisho yagaragaye nimpano, yasomye imirimo ya kera cyane kandi nubugingo. Pavel Petrovich yari umwe muri abo barimu badakennye bashoboraga kurushaho ndetse avi na my.
Abakobwa bo mu ishuri bari bafite umuco: barundanya imiheto ya satin yibasiye abarimu bakunda. Pavel Petrovich Bazhova ntabwo yari afite umwanya wubusa kuri jacket, kuko "ibimenyetso byerekana" yari afite byinshi. Birakwiye kuvuga ko Pavel Petrovich yagize uruhare mu birori bya politiki kandi ibona impinduramatwara ya Ukwakira nk'ikintu gikwiye kandi cyibanze. Ku bwe, kudakuraho Nicholas II ku ntebe y'ubwami no guhakana ubutegetsi bwa Bolshevik bigomba kuba byarakoze ubusumbane no guha abatuye igihugu ejo hazaza heza.
Kugeza mu 1917, Paver Petrovich yari umwe mu bagize ishyaka ry'ingoma ry'abasosiyalisiti, intambara y'abenegihugu yarwanye ku ruhande rw'ubutaka, itegurwa mu nzego kandi itezimbere ingamba mu gihe habaye imbaraga z'Abasoviyeti. Nanone, Bazhov yari ku mwanya w'umuyobozi wa Biro y'ubumwe bw'abakozi n'ibiro by'uburezi bw'igihugu. Nyuma Pater Petrovich berekeje ibikorwa bya editori, byasohoye ikinyamakuru. Mubindi bintu, umwanditsi yateguye amashuri kandi ahamagarira guhangana no kutamenya gusoma no kwandika. Mu 1918, Umuyobozi w'Ijambo yinjiye mu ishyaka rya gikomunisiti rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti.
Ubuvanganzo
Nkuko mubizi, kuba umunyeshuri, Pavel Petrovich yabaga i Yekaterinburg na Perm, aho aho kuba inyamanswa zishingiye kuri gari ya moshi, kandi aho kuba amazu mato - amazu manini mumagorofa menshi. Mu mijyi ndangamuco, ubuzima bwatsindiye urufunguzo: Abantu bagiye ku mazi bakaganira ku birori by'isi biri inyuma ya resitora, ariko Pawulo asenga gusubira mu gihugu kavukire.
Agezeyo, yahuye na kimwe cya kabiri cyashyizwe ahagaragara: Amazina ya Loty yamaze kumvikana ("Igikombe") - Umuzamu wagendaga Khmelinin - Yambaye imigani yababamishije, abantu b'indarere, inkono y'umusozi w'umuringa , Fireof, inzoka yubururu na nyirakuru synyoshka.
Sogokuru Vasily Alekseevich yasobanuye ko inkuru ze zose zishingiye ku buzima kandi zisobanura "ubuzima bwa kera". Itandukaniro riri hagati yumugani wanya uva mumigani, Khmelin yashimangiye cyane cyane. Bastard yaho n'abantu bakuru ntibumva ijambo rya sokuru. Pavel Petrovich na we yari mu bateze amatwi, bakuye inkuru zitangaje-amarozi ya Khmelin nkaho Sponge.
Igihe kivuye ku mutima n'urukundo akunda rubanda rwatangiye: ibitabo byayoboye neza ikaye, aho inyarwanda, imigani, imigani n'ibisambanyi n'ibisambo byakusanyijwe. Mu 1931, inama ku baturage b'Abarusiya bafungiye i Moscou na Leningrad. Kubera iyo nama, inshingano yagombaga kwiga umukozi ugezweho no gukusanya imirima igezweho & dash; noneho hashyizweho abantu benshi, noneho hafashwe umwanzuro wo gushyigikira "imigenzo yabanjirije iyishyikirana muri Urals". Gushakisha ibikoresho kwari ugukora amateka yaho Vladimir Biryukov, ariko umuhanga ntabwo yasanze isoko zikenewe.
Kubwibyo, igitabo cyayobowe na Bazhov. Pavel Petrovich yakusanyije ibitekerezo byabantu nkumwanditsi, ntabwo ari nkumuhanga wabantu. Bazhov yari azi kuri pasiporo, ariko ntiyakoresha. Nanone, umutware w'ikaramu yubahirije ihame: intwari z'imirimo ye - abimukira baturutse mu Burusiya cyangwa Abimukira baturutse mu Burusiya cyangwa URALS (nubwo ibyo bitekerezo bitandukanye n'ukuri, umwanditsi yanze ibintu byose bitari byiza mu gihugu cye).
Mu 1936, Paver Petrovich yashyize ahagaragara akazi ka mbere yiswe "Umukobwa Azanovka". Nyuma, mu 1939, icyegeranyo cya gasuke ya Malachite cyaje kuzenguruka, aho mu buzima bw'umwanditsi bwuzuyemo umugani mushya kuva kera Khmelinin. Ariko, ukurikije ibihuha bitinze, Bazhov yemeye ko atasubiyemo inkuru ze n'umunwa wabo, ariko arabahambiriye.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Birazwi ko igihe kirekire pavel perrovich ntabwo yagize uruhare mu mibanire nabagore. Uyu mwanditsi ntiyambuwe kwitabwaho n'abadamu beza, ariko icyarimwe ntiwari kandi na Donzhuan: Bazhov ntabwo yiyitayeho n'umutwe we mu byifuzo n'ibitabo by'igihe gito, maze ayobora ubuzima bw'indwara. Kubera iki Bazhov agera kumyaka 30 bakomeje kwigunga, biragoye kubisobanura. Umwanditsi yakundaga akazi kandi ntiyashakaga gutera abadamu arengana kera, kandi yizeraga urukundo ruvuye ku mutima. Icyakora, byabaye: Misabuke w'imyaka 32 y'amavuko yatanze igitekerezo n'umutima wa Valentinandrovna Ivanitskaya, wahoze ari umunyeshuri. Umukobwa ukomeye kandi wize asubije.
Byagaragaye ko ari ishyingiranwa ry'ubuzima, bakundwa bareze abana bane (barindwi bavutse mu muryango, ariko batatu bapfuye mu gihe cy'abana n'indwara z'indwara): Olga, Elena, Alexey na Ariady na Aleey na Ariady na Ariady na Aleey na Ariady na Aleey na Ariady na Aleey na Ariady na Aleey na Ariady na Aleey na Ariady na Aleey na Ariya. Abosorori Wibuke ko inzu yashyizeho ihumure kandi itabaho, kugirango abashakanye baremereye urugo cyangwa izindi itandukaniro. Kuva Bazhov ntibyashobokaga kumva izina rya Valya cyangwa Valentine, kuko Pavel Petrovich yise amazina ya meza: Valyanushka cyangwa Valest. Umwanditsi ntiyakundaga gutinda, ariko ndetse ajya mu nama yihuta, asubira ku muryango, niba yibagiwe gusezera mu mugore ukunda.
Pavel Petrovich na Valentina Aleksandrovna yabayeho yishimye kandi ashyigikirana. Ariko, kimwe no mubindi bintu, mubuzima bwumwanditsi, habaye ibicu kandi bikaze. Bazhov yagombaga kurokoka intimba iteye ubwoba - urupfu rw'umwana. Umusore Alexei yapfuye kubera impanuka kuruganda. Bizwi kandi ko Pavel Petrovich, nubwo yari umuntu uhuze, ariko burigihe burigihe bwo kuganira nabana. Birashimishije kubona hamwe na barumuna be, Data yagambaniye nkabantu bakuru, yatanze uburenganzira bwo gutora kandi bumva ibitekerezo byabo.
Ati: "Ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu byose bijyanye nabawe byari ikintu gitangaje cya se. Ariadne Bazhov mu gitabo cy 'mu gitabo cy' "yamye afite umutima uhagije kugira ngo amenye impungenge, agira umunezero n'intimba n'akababaro ka buri wese."Urupfu
Mbere gato y'urupfu rwa Pavel Petrovich yahagaritse kwandika atangira gusoma ibiganiro, byashimangiraga umwuka w'abantu mu ntambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu.
Umwanditsi ukomeye yapfuye mu gihe cy'itumba ryo mu 1950. Imva y'Umuremyi iherereye ku musozi (Alley yo hagati) i Yekaterinburg mu irimbi rya Ivanovo.
Bibliografiya
- 1924 - "Urals yari"
- 1926 - "Kubwukuri kwabasoviyeti";
- 1937 - "Gushiraho Kugenda"
- 1939 - "Icyatsi kibi"
- 1939 - "Isanduku ya Malachite"
- 1942 - "Ibuye-Ryinshi"
- 1943 - "Fata nk'Abadage"
- 1949 - "Kugeza ubu - Gufunga"