Ubuzima
Mikhail Vasilyevich Frumpze - Igishushanyo cy'impinduramatwara, Ubuyobozi bw'ingabo, umuyobozi w'ingabo zitukura, abigiramo uruhare mu ntambara y'abenegihugu, telerisitiya.
Mikhail yavutse ku ya 21 Mutarama (Mubuhanzi.) 1885 Mu mujyi wa Pishpec (Bishkek) mu muryango wa Feldschelie Vasily Mikhaialid Mikhaialick Frunze, ubwenegihugu. Se w'umuhungu nyuma yuko ishuri rya Moscow ryarangiye Ishuri ry'ubuvuzi ryarangiye gukorera mu mujyi muri Turukestan, aho yagumye. Nyina wa Mikhail, Efimovna Bokkarev, umuhinzi mu nkomoko, yavukiye mu ntara ya Voronez. Umuryango we mu kinyejana cya 19 wimukiye muri Turukimenisitani.
Mikhail yari afite mukuru ukuze Kanstantin na barumuna batatu - Lydila, Claudia na Lidiya. Abana bose ftonanze bize muri siporo yizerwa (ubu umujyi wa almaty). Abana bakuru kontantin, Mikhail na Claudia nyuma yo kurangiza hagati yimidari ya zahabu yakiriwe. Mikhail yakomeje amasomo ye ku kigo cya St. Pelyburg Polytechnic, aho yinjiye mu 1904. Mu gihembwe cya mbere, yashishikajwe n'ibitekerezo by'impinduramatwara maze yinjira mu Ishyaka riharanira demokarasi ry'imibereho, aho yinjiye muri Bosiviks.
Ugushyingo 1904, Frunga yatawe muri yombi azira uruhare mu gikorwa cy'ubushotoranyi. Mugihe cyo kwigaragaza ku ya 9 Mutarama 1905 i St. Petersburg, yakomeretse mu ntoki. Imyuma ya Mikhail atitaye ku gutoteza abayobozi i Moscou, hanyuma, yerekeza mu myigaragambyo y'imyenda muri Gicurasi. Hamwe na Vladimir Lenin Frenanze yahuye mu 1906, igihe yihiga i Stockholm. Mikhail yagombaga guhisha izina rya none mugihe cyumuryango wubutaka muri Ivanovo-Vozneses. Amashyaka akiri muto yari azwi munsi y'izina rya Comrade Arsen, Trifonch, Mikhailov, Vasilenko.
Ku buyobozi bwa Frunze, Inama ya mbere y'abadepite y'abakozi, yashinzwe no gukwirakwiza udupapuro two kurwanya leta. Frunze umutwe wo mumijyi aratera imbaraga kandi akora intwaro. Mikhail ntiyitinyaga gukoresha uburyo bw'iterabwoba bwo kurwana.
Impinduramatwara ikiri nto yahagaze ku mutwe w'imyigaragambyo yitwaje intwaro i Moscou muri Flay, yafashe inzu yo gucapa ya Shuisian akoresheje intwaro, yibasiye intwaro, yibasiye intwaro, yibasiye intwaro, yibasira Enlov ku bwicanyi. Mu 1910, yakatiwe igihano cy'urupfu, cyari gisabwa n'abahagarariye abaturage, ndetse n'umwanditsi V.g. Korolenko yasimbuwe na Katoroga.
Nyuma yimyaka ine, Frenze yoherejwe ahantu hahoraho ho gutura mu mudugudu wa Mazurka Irkutsk Intara, aho mu 1915 bahungiye mu kiganya. Munsi yizina ryanyuma vasilenko yakoraga mugihe runaka mubitabo byaho "gusubiramo kwababyeyi". Mu guhindura pasiporo mu izina rya Mikhailov, bimukiye muri Belorussia, aho yatuye mu mibare muri Komite y'umwe mu bumwe bwa Zemstvo.
Intego yo kuguma mu ngabo z'Uburusiya yakwirakwijwe ku bitekerezo by'impinduramatwara mu gisirikare. Muri Minsk, Mikhail Vasilyevich yerekeje muri kasho yo munsi y'ubutaka. Nyuma y'igihe, izina ry'inzobere mu migabane ya gisirikare ryashinze imigabane muri Bolsheviks ya Frunze.
Impinduramatwara
Mu ntangiriro za Werurwe 1917, Mikhail Frumze yateguye gufata ifatira ry'ishami rya polisi bitwaje intwaro mu masaruka y'abakozi basanzwe. Ububiko bw'ishami risanzwe, intwaro n'amasasu, inzego nyinshi za leta zaguye mu maboko y'utungura impinduramatwara. Nyuma yo gutsinda, Mikhail Frumze yashyizeho umuyobozi w'igihe gito w'interahamwe. Ku buyobozi bwa Frunze, irekurwa ry'ibinyamakuru by'ishyaka ryatangiye. Muri Kanama, ingabo zari zimuriwe kugira ngo ndebe aho Flonze yafashwe na Perezida w'Inama y'Abadepite b'abadepite, ubutegetsi bwa Zyemskaya n'Inama Njyanama y'Umujyi.
Mikhail Frumze Revolution yahuye i Moscou kuri bariyeri hafi ya Hotel Metropol. Nyuma y'amezi abiri, impinduramatwara yari umwanya w'umutwe w'ishyaka ry'Ishyaka ry'Ibirori bya Ivanovo-Vozneseneskaya. Yishora mu kwihuta no mu bibazo Komiseri wa Gisirikare. Intambara y'abenegihugu yemereye Mikhail Vasilyevich yerekana neza ubushobozi bwa gisirikare yakuye mugihe cy'ibikorwa by'impinduramatwara.
Kuva muri Gashyantare 1919, ubwoba bwo gutegeka ingabo za 4 ngabo zitukura, zashoboye guhagarika ibitero Kolchak kugera Moscou no gutangira guhakana ibirangirira mu kiraro. Nyuma yintsinzi ikomeye yingabo zitukura, Frunze yakiriye itegeko rya banneri itukura.
Akenshi, Jenerali yashoboraga kuboneka ku ifarashi ku mutwe w'ingabo, bituma yemerera gushyiraho icyerekezo cyiza mu bidukikije by'ingabo zitukura. Muri Kamena 1919, Frunze yakiriye ihungabana rya UFA. Muri Nyakanga, Mikhail Vasilyevich yerekeje mu burasirazuba, ariko mu kwezi yabonaga umurimo mu majyepfo, kandi akarere ka Akhtuba. Kugeza muri Nzeri 1920, Frumbing yakoze ibikorwa byatsinze kumurongo wimbere.
Gusubirwamo cyane byatanze ingwate zo kubungabunga ubuzima bwayo bahanganye bari biteguye kwimuka kuruhande rwumutuku. Mikhail Vladimirovich yagize uruhare mu myifatire ya humene ku mfungwa, yateje kutanyurwa n'iperereza ryinshi.
Mu gatasi ko mu 1920, igitero giteganijwe umutuku ku ngabo za HECngural, wari muri Crimée na Tavria y'Amajyaruguru. Nyuma yo gutsindwa kwa Byendagusebya Peryira yibasiye abo bahoze bakorana - brigade ya Batki Makhno, Yuri Tyutyunnik na Simoni Pethanura. Mu gihe cy'imitwe ya Crimean, Frenze yakomeretse. Mu 1921 yinjiye muri Komite Nkuru ya RCP (B). Mu mpera z'umwaka wa 1921, Frunze yagiye mu ruzinduko rwa politiki muri Turukiya. Itumanaho ry'Abasoviyeti na Umuyobozi wa Turukiya Mustafa Kamalim Ataturk yemerewe gushimangira guhuza muri Turukiya-soviet.
Nyuma ya revolution
Mu 1923, kuri Plenum ya Okthabrsky wa komite Nkuru, aho gukwirakwiza ingabo hagati ya Trotsky na Troika, byatewe na kamenev na Kamenev, Fronze bashyigikiye ibikorwa bishinja ibikorwa bya Trotsky. Mikhail Vasilyevich yashinje komiser w'ibikorwa bya gisirikare asenyuka kw'ingabo zitukura kandi adahari uburyo busobanutse bwo guhugura abakozi ba gisirikare. Kuri gahunda ya Fornunze kuva mu ntera ya gisirikare yo hejuru, Tronkskyes ya Antonov-Ovsenko na Sklyansky bakuweho. Umurongo wa FrUNZze washyigikiwe n'umuyobozi w'abakozi bakuru ba Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya Repubulika ya FeoK
Mu 1924, Mikhail Crungira yanyuze mu mutwe wungirije, umuyobozi wa Redouensuit ya UssR na kose ya mu gaciro, yabaye umukandida ku bagize Politiki yo muri Komite Nkuru ya RCP (B). Michael Storunze yanayoboye icyicaro gikuru cy'ingabo zitukura no mu ishuri rya gisirikare rya RKA.
Igihe kinini gikwiye muri iki gihe gishobora gufatwa nk'ivugurura rya gisirikare, intego yacyo yagombaga kugabanya umubare w'ingabo zitukura, kuyobora kuvugurura abakozi bayobora. Frenaze yashyize mu buryo budasanzwe, ubutaka bwo kugabana ingabo, yagize uruhare mu gushyiraho inzego ebyiri zigenga mu ngabo z'Abasoviyeti - Ingabo zihoraho hamwe n'amacakubiri agendanwa y'interahamwe.
Muri iki gihe, Frewe yashizeho igitekerezo cya gisirikare, cyagaragaye mu bitabo byinshi - "inyigisho za gisirikare zihuriweho n'ingabo zitukura", "Isumbabyose inyigisho z'ingabo zitukura", "imbere y'ingabo zitukura", "imbere n'inyuma mu ntambara y'ejo hazaza". , "Lenin n'ingabo zitukura", "kubaka igisirikare n'imirimo yacu y'umuryango wa gisirikare."
Mu myaka icumi yakurikiyeho, ingabo zigwa n'intwaro nshya n'intwaro nshya zatewe n'imbaraga za Forbyo, zateguwe, uburyo bwo gukora inkunga y'inyuma, yateye inkunga ingabo. Mikhail Vasilyevich yashoboye gutuza ikibazo mu ngabo zitukura mugihe gito. Iterambere ry'iterambere ry'ingero n'ingamba zo kurwana mu bihe by'intambara y'Ubwami, byashyizwe mu bikorwa by'umutima, byashyizwe mu bikorwa byuzuye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ntakintu kizwi kubuzima bwihariye bwintambara itukura mbere ya revolution. Mikhail Fremze amaze imyaka 30 ku bakobwa ba Sofier Alekseevna. Mu 1920, umukobwa wa Tatyana yavukiye mu muryango, nyuma yimyaka itatu - umuhungu wa Timur. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'ababyeyi, nyirakuru yakuye uburere. Igihe ba nyirakuru batabaye, umuvandimwe na mushiki we yaguye mu muryango wa Mikhail Vasilyevich - klim voroshilov.
Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri, Timer yiyandikishije mu ishuri ry'indege, mu gihe cy'intambara yabaye umurwanyi w'icyitegererezo. Yapfuye mu myaka 19 yo mu kirere hejuru y'akarere ka Nouvorod. Nyuma yo guhabwa umutwe wintwari yubumwe bwa Soviet. Umukobwa wa Tatyana yarangije ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga cya chimique, mu gihe cy'intambara yakoraga inyuma. Yashakanye na Lieutenant-Jenerali Anatoly Pavlova, aho abana babiri babyara umuhungu wa Timur na Mukobwa Elena. Abakomoka kuri Mikhail FrUnze baba i Moscou. Umwuzukuru yishora muri chimie.
Urupfu n'ibihuha byerekeranye n'ubwicanyi
Mu kugwa kwa 1925, Mikhail Brump yahindukiriye abaganga kubyerekeye kuvura ibisebe byo mu gifu. Jenerali yagizwe ibikorwa byoroshye, nyuma, ku ya 31 Ukwakira, Frunze yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye. Impamvu yerekeye urupfu rwa Jenerali yagombaga kwanduza amaraso, akurikije verisiyo idasanzwe - urupfu rwa Frunga rwagize uruhare muri Stalin.
Umwaka umwe, Umugore wa Mikhail Vasilyevich wasabye kwiyahura. Umubiri wa FrUNZE washyinguwe kuri kare kare, Sophia Alekseevna yibasiye ku irimbi rya Novodevichy rya Moscou.
Kwibuka
Inyandiko idasanzwe y'urupfu rwa Frunze yafashwe nk'ishingiro ry'imirimo ya Pilnyak "umugani w'ukwezi" na memoirov "kwibuka uwahoze ari umunyamabanga wa Stalin". Ubuzima bwa Jenerali bwabazwe nabanditsi gusa, ahubwo no ku banditsi b'Abasoviyeti n'Abarusiya. Ishusho y'abayobozi b'intwari z'ingabo zitukura yakoreshejwe muri firime 24, muri 11 muri yo yakinnye umukinnyi w'Abaroma z'Abaroma Zhanovich KhoMyatov.
Izina ry'umuyobozi ryitwa imihanda, gutura, ibintu bya geografiya, ubwato bwarimbutse n'abagenzi basenyutse. Urwibutso Mikhail Crumpze yashyizwe mu mijyi irenga 20 yahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, harimo na Moscou, Bishkek, Inter. Petersburg, Ivanovo, Tashkent, Kiev. Ifoto ya Jenerali RKKA iri mu bitabo byose ku nkuru nshya.
Ibihembo
- 1919 - Urutonde rwa banner itukura
- 1920 - Intwaro Yicyubahiro Cyicyubahiro