Ubuzima
Umwanditsi w'amashyirahamwe Yubusa, umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze ya Pysilophis na filozofiya yamenyesheje benshi ku bitabo "Umuntu n'ibimenyetso bye", "archetypes" n "" kwibuka, kwibutsa, inzozi ". Ku mutima w'inyigisho za Jung, ijambo "kwinjiza" n '"kwanga" byateye imbere na we. Karl yavuze ko buri muntu, bitewe n'imikorere yiganje ku muntu, ashobora kwandikirwa imbere i (injiji), cyangwa ku isi yo hanze (yanze).
Dufatiye kuri uyu mwanzuro, umushakashatsi yateje imbere ubwoko bwa psychologiya kandi buzana formula yubugingo bwa muntu, irabingiza muburyo bwo mu mutwe wa psychoatric na psychologique. Akazi ka Jung yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku gitsina gaco, idini rigereranya, antropologiya, pedagogy n'ibitabo.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Karl Gustav Jung yavutse ku ya 26 Nyakanga 1875, mu majyaruguru y'uburasirazuba bw'Ubusuwisi, Kesville. Se w'ejo hazaza Johann Yahann Jung yari umushumba mu rusengero rw'ivugurura, kandi umugore we Emily akorana no kuzura umuhungu we. Nkumwana, Karl yafunzwe kandi akaba umwana udasanzwe. Ibinani n'ibiteye isoni byagaragaye bitewe n'imibanire myinshi n'umuyobozi w'umuryango ndetse n'umutwe wa Mama wakunze kugaragara kuri nyina, Gustav yubahirije inshuro nyinshi mu bwana.
Mfite imyaka 10, umugabo muto wa santimetero yaciwe ku giti cya brush yimbaho, abishyire mu gihano maze afata ubukorikori kuri atike. Iyo kurakara kwa se cyangwa kubabaza nyina byazanye umuhungu ku buryo bukabije bwo kwiheba, yurira muri atike maze avugana mu rurimi rwihishwa aganira n'incuti y'ibanze. Ibi bidasanzwe nibyo byagaragaye bwa mbere byimyitwarire idahwitse, mugihe kizaza Karl yasobanuwe muburyo burambuye mubyifuzo kuri psychologie.
Ababyeyi bahaye umuhungu gymnasium igihe yari afite imyaka 11. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko Gustav atagaragaje inyungu mubumenyi ubwo aribwo bwose cyangwa guhanga. Mugihe abakozi bashinzwe kwigisha bitotombeye kubura umunyeshuri mwiza wimpano, Karl asubiye murugo yari ashushanyijeho ashishikaye ashushanyijeho ibitego bishaje kandi asoma prose. Karl ntashobora gushaka inshuti kandi yigaragaza byimazeyo kwishuri kubera kumva ko yakoresheje uwo muntu. Yinjiye mu "gitabo gitukura" yavuze ko yari afite "kabiri" kuva mu bwana.
Afite imyaka 16, igihu cyirungu cyatangiye gukwirakwiza buhoro. Ibitero byo kwiheba byagiye mu bihe byashize, Jung yashishikajwe no kwiga filozofiya. Yasobanuye kuri we uruziga rw'abashaka kwiga, soma Platon, gusoza Platon, Pythagora ndetse babonye kwerekana ibitekerezo bye mu mirimo ya Schopenhauer. Mu 1893, Karl yinjiye mu ishami rya siyansi karemano muri kaminuza ya Basel. Muri kaminuza, usibye gusoma ibitabo biteganijwe, Imyenda yashimishijwe n'imirimo ya filozofiya ya MISIKOV: Emmanuel Swedeng na Adolf Eschenmayer.
Muburyo bwize ibikorwa bya Gustav, ndetse inshuro ebyiri zakoresheje amasomo yumwuka. Ibi ntibisanzwe bishimisha byamufashije kwandika impamyabumenyi mu buvuzi, bwiswe "kuri psychologiya na patologiya na patologiya n'ibihugu byitwa ubupfumu." Mu bihe biri imbere, kugira ngo dushyireho ibisobanuro ku masomo ya kera ("I-Jing", "ibanga ry'indabyo ya zahabu", "igitabo cya Tibet cy'abapfuye"), azagaruka nkana "), azagaruka nkana"), azagaruka nkana "), azasubira mu ngingo yo kwiga mu mwuka isi.
Kuri Jung, iki gihe cyari kigoye cyane mumikorere yibintu. Se amaze gupfa, umuryango we wagumye nta mibereho. Gustav kumunsi yitabiriye ibiganiro, kandi mugihe cye cyubusa yakoraga umushyitsi. Umusore rero ashyigikiye kubaho mu buryo bworoheje kandi yishyura amasomo ye. Mu gusoza ikigo cyisumbuye cyo kwigisha, inzobere yarangije yafatiwe mu maboko ya "Trischialy yo mu mutwe" ya Richard background. Ubu buvumbuzi bwashizeho ikindi kizaza cya jing.
Psychologiya
Mu 1900, Karl yimukiye i Zurich atangira gukora nk'umufasha mu mutwe w'indwara zo mu mutwe wa Yujina mu bitaro kubera ubutunzi bukabije bwa Burgholzlet yo mu mutwe (Zurich's Zurich's Zurich). Gustav yatuye mu karere k'ibitaro. Bidatinze, yatangiye gutangaza imirimo ye ya mbere, kimwe n'ingingo zijyanye no gukoresha ikizamini cy'ibigeragezo byateye imbere na we.
Mu 1907, umurimo we wa mbere munini "psychologiya yo guhagarikwa hakiri kare", Jung yohereje Sigmund Freud kumenyera. Guhura na Fred byerekana intambwe ikomeye mugutezimbere karl. Mu gihe cyo kumenyana ku giti cye muri Gashyantare 1907 i Vienne, aho Jung yaje ku nsanganyamatsiko ngufi, yari azwi cyane nk'ubushakashatsi bwayo mu mashyirahamwe y'amagambo no kuvumbura ibintu by'insoni.
Mu 1909, hamwe na Freud, Jung yabanje kugera muri Reta zunzubumwe za Amerika, aho yasomaga inzira y'ibiganiro. Icyubahiro mpuzamahanga, hamwe nimyitozo ye kandi yihariye, yazanye amafaranga yinjiza, yemereye gustavu mu 1910 kugirango ave mu ivuriro rya Burgholtk (icyo gihe yari amaze gufata umwanya w'umuyobozi w'ivuriro), Garuka mu gihugu kavukire kandi yibeshye ubwacyo Mubujyakuzimu bwimigani, imigani, imigani ikubiyemo imikoranire yabo nisi ya psychopathology.
Muri icyo gihe kimwe, ibitabo bigaragara, byerekana neza umupaka wubwigenge bwa Karl uva intububi mubitekerezo byombi kumiterere yubu ubwenge bwo kutamenya. Mu 1913, ubwenge bwa psychoanalysise yahisemo guhagarika itumanaho ryose. Ikinamico yo gutandukana yahindutse amahirwe yo gutangaza akazi "ibimenyetso byo guhindura" na "igitabo gitukura".
Mu myaka ya za 1920, Jung yakoze ingendo nyinshi zishimishije mu turere twa Afurika na Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. Amagambo yihariye yumuco na psychologiya niyo shingiro ryimwe mu bice biri mu gitabo cya autobiografiya "kwibuka, inzozi, ibitekerezo". Mu 1930, Karl yahawe izina ry'aba perezida w'icyubahiro b'icyubahiro mu muryango wa Psychotherapeutic w'Ubudage, kandi ahishura ibyaremwe bye bishya ku isi - igitabo "Ibibazo by'ubugingo bw'igihe cyacu". Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, Inama Njyanama y'Umujyi Zurich yamuhaye igihembo mu bitabo, ishyiraho cheque ku bihumbi ibihumbi 8 kuri yo.
Kuva 1933 kugeza 1942, Jung yigishije muri Zurich, kandi kuva 1944 - muri Basel. No muri 193-1939. Umuhanga yatangaje "Ikinyamakuru cya Psychotherapy N'iturere humura", ryashyigikiye politiki y'imbere y'Abanazi kugira ngo ahagarare isiganwa, kandi ibice bivuye muri Mein Kampf byabaye prologue iteganijwe. Mu byo biremwa byo guswera muri iki gihe, ingingo "Isano iri hagati yanjye n'idini", "psychologiya n'idini", "psychologiya n'idini", "psychologiya n'idini", "amashusho y'imbonerahamwe", "ku nkomoko y'imitekerereze" yari cyane.
Muri Gashyantare 1944, mu gihe cyo kuzenguruka, Jung yamenaguye ukuguru, kuba mu bitaro, yahuye n'umutima, nyuma y'icyumweru bike biringaniye mu buzima no ku rupfu. Nyuma, yasobanuye iyerekwa rye muri autobiografiya birambuye.
Mu Gushyingo 1955, nyuma yimyaka mirongo itanu n'ibiri y'ubufatanye bwabo, muka ya Jung, Emma yarapfuye, kandi iki gihombo cyarangije rwose psychotherapiste. Gukuraho ibitekerezo byo gutondeka, Karl hamwe numutwe we wibijwe kukazi. Autobiography, jang yanditseho abifashijwemo n'umunyamabanga, yafashe umwanya munini, kandi umubare wa yandikirwa wakuze cyane ku buryo rimwe na rimwe yagombaga guhisha amabaruwa yo gutabara ibitabo.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Numugore wambere kandi umwe rukumbi, Emma Raushenkach Jung yahuye, kuba umunyeshuri wubuvuzi. Mu gihe cy'inama yabo ya mbere, yari afite imyaka 21, kandi yari afite imyaka 15. Umukobwa mwiza, wiyoroshya ufite ubumwe bwuzuyemo umusatsi wijimye ahita akunda gustavu. Emma na Karl bemeje isanoga ku ya 14 Gashyantare 1903.
Yatoranijwe na filozofiya yavuye mu muryango wa Kera-Umudage w'abadage b'abana bakize. Imibereho myiza y'umugore we yemeye ko Jung atitaye ku gukenera gushaka amafaranga ya buri munsi yo gushaka gukora ubushakashatsi muri psychologiya. Emma yerekanye ko ashimishijwe cyane n'umurimo w'umugabo we kandi amushyigikira muri byose. Raushenbach yerekanye uwo ashakanye n'abakobwa be n'umuhungu bane: Agatu, Gret, Franz, Marianna na Helen.
Kubaho abashakanye bemewe nabana ntibyabangamiye yung kugirango bazamure umubano kuruhande. Ku ya 17 Kanama 1904, umukobwa wumunani w'imyaka cumi n'umunani Sabina, yakozwe mu ivuriro ry'Ubusuwisi, ryakoraga na Karl. Iyi nkuru y'urukundo yamenyekanye kubera ko ishingiro ry'umubano wa Spielrein na Jung bashyize ibintu byo kwimura erotic (ishyaka ry'umurwayi kuri muganga wiga. Jung yabonye kandi ashimira imitekerereze ityaye nububiko bwa siyansi kubitekerezo byumukobwa, kandi spielrereun ntabwo yashoboraga gukundana nisi yunvikana cyane ya muganga. Icyangoma cyabo cyarangiye ako kanya nyuma yuko Sabina akize uburwayi bwe maze ava mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi.
Mu 1909, Tony w'imyaka 21 y'amavugo yaje kuri Carlo nk'umurwayi. Uyu mukobwa ukiri muto nyuma yo gukira yabaye umufasha wa Official na nyirabuja wumuganga wumuganga wumuganga. Muri Nzeri 1911, umukobwa yaherekeje umuryango wa UNGOS kuri kongere ya weimar y'abaturage mpuzamahanga psychoanalyctic. Emima yari azi ko akunda umugabo we, ariko urukundo rukagira akagero ya se ntirwinyeretse ngo abune.
Tony impyisi ni umufasha wa Jung, umaze imyaka 40 asangiye igitanda gusa hamwe na psychoanalyst, ahubwo no kukazi. Kubera ubufatanye bwabo, igitabo "Metamorphose n'ibimenyetso bya Libido" byagaragaye.
Urupfu
Muri Gicurasi 1961, Jung yazamutse kugenda. Ngaho, imitekerereze ya psychotherapist yari ifite ikindi gitero cyumutima, atera akamenyetso ku bikoresho byo mu bwonko hamwe n'ubumuga bw'igice cy'ingingo. Mu byumweru bibiri, Carl yari hafi yubuzima nurupfu. Dukurikije kwibuka umuforomo, warebye umukunzi, umunsi umwe mbere yuko umuhanga mu bya filozoce apfa inzozi, nyuma yavugiye mu maso ko nta kintu na kimwe cyatinyaga.
Jung yapfuye ku ya 6 Kamena 1961 mu nzu ye iherereye mu mudugudu wa Cusakht. Yashyinguye abaterankunga bakomeye mu irimbi ryaho ry'itorero ry'abaporotesitanti. Ku mva y'urukiramende, hiyongereyeho intangiriro ya psychoanast psnsicchoanalyst, amazina y'ababyeyi be, bashiki be ba Gertruda n'umugore wa Emma barakomanze.
Bibliografiya
- "Archetype n'ikimenyetso"
- "Kwibuka, Ibitekerezo, Inzozi"
- "Ubugingo n'umugani. Archetypes esheshatu "
- "Umubano hagati ya ego n'amarangamutima"
- "Umuntu n'ibimenyetso bye"
- "Ibintu by'imitekerereze ya Mama Archetype"
- "Psychologiya yo kwimura"
- "Uburyo bwose bwo kureba kuri psychologiya n'inzozi"
- "Ibimenyetso na metamorphose. Libido "
- "Gushyingirwa nk'imyitwarire ya psychologiya"
- "Ibibazo by'ubugingo bw'igihe cacu"
- "Ubwoko bwo mu mutwe"
- "AKAZI KA TEYCHATRY"
Amagambo
- "Ntugafate umwe ugusiga. Bitabaye ibyo, uwakujyamo ntazaza
- "Ibyo birababaje cyane mu bandi birashobora kuganisha ku gusobanukirwa"
- "Ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kwishingikiriza, bwaba bushingiye ku nzoga, ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibitekerezo"
- "Ntabwo ndi ibyambayeho, njye - ibyo nahisemo kuba"