Ubuzima
Michelangelo Merisi Da Caravaggio numuhanzi uzwi cyane wumutaliyani, Umwanditsi w'amadini. Ahanini yakundaga abasore. Imirimo y'umwanditsi yagaragajwe mu gasozi nziza z'isi - UFFIZI, Hermimige, Inzu Ndangamurage ya Metropolitan, Louvre, Prado.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Muri imwe mu mfuruka z'Ubutaliyani, umuhanzi uzaza Michelangelo Merisi Da Caravaggio yavutse ari munsi ya Lombardy mu 1571. Abashakashatsi ntibashoboraga kumenya ahantu nyayo n'itariki yavutse, kandi ibyatangajwe ntabwo byabitswe. Ahari Umuremyi yavukiye muri Milan cyangwa hafi ye - kuri Caravaggio.
Michelangelo yabaye umuhungu w'imfura mu muryango w'abamwubatsi. Umuhanzi yari afite abavandimwe batatu na murumuna we. Caravaggio yabaga nabi, nkuko Data yari afite umushahara mwiza nubwubatsi.
Nyuma yimyaka itanu avutse kwa Caravaggio, icyorezo cyorezo cyatangiye i Milan. Byashobokaga kwirinda kwandura gusa nimfashanyo yo kwimukira muwundi mujyi. Ariko ntibyafashije. Umwaka umwe, nyuma yindwara ndende, umukuru wumuryango arapfa. Iki gihe cya Caravaggio nticyoroshye.
Muri biografiya yumuhanzi ahantu henshi yera. Amakuru kumyaka 8 yubuzima Michelangelo nyuma y'urupfu rwa se yari Kanalu mu isazi. Birazwi ko umusore mu 1584 yagiye kwiga Milanmins Simone Petersono. Nyuma yo gutsinda amasomo, Caravaggio yagombaga gutanga umutwe wumuhanzi, ariko kwemeza iki kintu nticyabitswe.
Mu 1592, Caravaggio yahuye n'ikizamini gishya - kubura nyina. Umurage wagabanijwemo ibice bingana hagati y'abana. Turashimira aya mafaranga, Miche Ndelangelo yashoboye kujya i Roma. Umuhanzi yumvise umugabo ufite imico itoroshye, yahoraga yishora mu mirwano, yagiye muri gereza.
Gushushanya
Imyaka yambere yubuzima i Roma ntabwo yari yoroshye kuri Caravaggio. Umuhanzi ukiri muto afite ingorane zo kubona ibiryo n'amazu, ariko amahirwe yamuhindukiriye. Ikirere icyo gihe, pasiri cesari yemeye Michelangelo ku mwanya wungirije mu mahugurwa ku giti cye. Kugeza ubu, Umuremyi utazwi yaremye aracyariho mu gishushanyo cya D'Arpino. Mu gihe nkora mu mahugurwa, umwanditsi akora imirimo "umuhungu ufite igitebo cy'imbuto" na "Wakm muto".
Bidatinze Cardinal francesco Maria Del Monte yabaye umurinzi wa Caravaggio. Umuhanzi yabonye uburyo bwo guhanga bwa Roma. Mu gushimira, Michelangelo yahaye Cardinali ifoto ye yanditse yerekana "igitebo cyimbuto", hanyuma imirimo myinshi - "lakh".
Muri iki gihe, ibikorwa bike byinjira kurutonde rwumurage wisi kuva Brush Karavago. Uyu ni "Umupfumu", "Amur-Witwaje", "" Narcissa ". Amaso yumuhanzi agaragara icyerekezo gishya - "isuku" ikiri ubuzima n "" adventurism "mugushushanya. Abayoboke ba Michelandilo bakunze kubakoresha mubikorwa.
Caravaggio yakunze kwifashisha ku ngingo z'amadini. Mu mirimo ya mbere ushobora gutanga "Marce Yera Kuganira na Maria Magdalina", "Mu Misiri," Aburahamu Igitambo ".
Mu mpera za Xvi, Caravaggio yanditse inzinguzingo ebyiri zivuga ku buzima bw'intumwa. Imirimo imwe n'imwe yimuriwe mu itorero rya San Luigi dei Francise, iherereye i Roma. Izi mashusho niyegurira intumwa Matayo. Uyu munsi, imirimo ibiri yageze kuri uyu munsi - "MBAHANZI B'Intumwa Matayo" no "umuhamagaro w'intumwa Matayo".
Kapella mu rusengero rwa Santa Maria del Popolo i Roma nayo irimbishijwe imirimo ya Caravaggio. Hano baherereye "kubambwa intumwa Petero" na "kujurira Savla." Ubufatanye n'amazu y'idini yamaze igihe kirekire bihagije. Umwanya wo mu kinyejana cya XVII, ibishushanyo "mu isanduku", kandi "igitekerezo cya Mariya" cyagaragaye. Imirimo yari iherereye mu matorero ya Sant Agostino na Santa Maria-muri-Valetella.
Imyaka mike ishize, Michelangelo Caravaggio yazengurutse, agerageza kwirinda igihano. Muburyo bwo guhanga, iki gihe cyari umukire mubishishwa. Muri iki gihe, Caravaggio yagaragaye amashusho y'ibicaniro "Madonna Rozary", "ibintu birindwi", "urwana na Kristo". Umuhanzi wabo wandikiye Naples.
Kuba i Malta, Caravaggio yaremye "Jerome Nyera" na "Imiterere y'Umukuru wa Yohana Umubatiza." Muri Sicile, kuva munsi ya Brush ya Maestro, "gushyingura abubaha Imana byera", "izuka rya Lazaro", "gusenga abaherepishe". Izuba rirenze, Michelangelo yandika ishusho "Dawidi avuye ku mutwe wa Goliyati". Birashoboka ko imirimo ni ishusho yonyine.
Muri London igihugu cy'igihugu, kimwe mu bikorwa byo hambere by'umuhanzi kuri ubu bigaragarira - "umuhungu, bikubiye n'umusegota." Umwanditsi yanditse ifoto mo verisiyo ebyiri. Abahanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi baracyavuga ko bagereranywa na canvas. Hano hari verisiyo ebyiri: caravaggio cyangwa maastro ubwe.
Muri gallery ya Doria Pamfili hariyindi mirimo yo hambere yumuhanzi - "ikora Marina Magalene." Iyi ni ishusho idasanzwe umukobwa ukiri muto uzwi. Caravaggio kwitabwaho bidasanzwe byishyurwa amakuru arambuye: hasi yashushanyijeho imitako, ni igitundi ufite ikinyobwa, imiterere ku myambarire irashushanywa.
Muri ucfiza, urashobora kureba kumurimo ushimishije wa Michelangelo. Ishusho "Medusa" yakozwe ku buryo butunguranye kuri canvas yerekana ibiti. Iki kiremwa cyakozwe byumwihariko kuri Cardinal Francesco Del Monte, washakaga gutanga impano Ferdinand I, Duke Tuscun.
Ishusho "Yohana Umubatiza" iri mububiko muri katedrali ya tedalsky. Umusore ukiri muto avugwa kuri canvas. Hano hari ibihuha byinshi hafi yiki gikorwa. Abahanga mu by'amateka b'ubuhanzi bemeza ko ubwanditsi bushobora kuba abayoboke ba Caravaggio. Abandi bavuga ko ishusho yanditswe na Michelangelo byumwihariko kubera Abbot y'ibitaro bihumurizwa.
Mu kigo cy'igihugu cya Irilande, ishusho "gusoma u Buyuda". Igikorwa gishingiye ku gutanga Caravaggio kubyerekeye iminsi yanyuma yubuzima bwa Yesu Kristo. Inkuru yo gusebanya ihujwe nuru rubuga. Byaragaragaye ko kopi yishusho yari ihagarariwe muri Odessa, yaje kwibwe. Hagati aho, umwimerere uri muri Irilande kugeza na nubu.
Muri Borghese, iherereye i Roma, urashobora kumenyana n'akazi kamwe Michelangelo Caravaggio - "Madonna hamwe n'umwana na Mutagatifu Anna". Abagore n'abana babiri bashyikirizwa kuri canvas. Amafoto yibishushanyo byinshi bya caravaggio ashyirwa muri alubumu idasanzwe yeguriwe ubuhanzi bwisi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Michelangelo Caravaggio ntabwo yarubatse. Muri icyo gihe, umugabo yahisemo gukura abahungu bambaye ubusa, ntabwo ari abagore. Ibi byatumye benshi batangira kwitigisha umuhanzi kubahagarariye icyerekezo gidacogora. No mu kinyejana cya XX, CARAvaggio yarushijeho kwitwa ibitsina gay. Ibimenyetso byemewe byerekana iki kintu ntibyavumbuwe.
Mu 1986, nabonye umucyo wa filime "Caravaggio", aho babwiye icyerekezo kidasanzwe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina kidasanzwe Michelangelo. Umuhanzi ukundwa yakinnye Umukinnyi w'Ubwongereza Sean Bean. Uru nuruhare rwe rwa mbere rwiyi kamere.
Urupfu
Mu Butaliyani, Michelangelo Caravaggi azwiho guhanga, yateje amakimbirane n'imiseko byinshi muri sosiyete. Kubwamahirwe, ntabwo yateje ivugurura gusa, ahubwo no kumyitwarire. Kurenganya buri gihe kuharanira Amategeko kandi yari hafi gufungwa. Caravaggio nta ruhushya yari afite yo gutwara intwaro zikonje, ariko umuhanzi ntiyahagaritse.
Michelangelo yajugunye tray mu mutegereza, yamennye ikirahure munzu yundi. Byarambiwe abarinzi, bityo umuhanzi yafungiwe muri gereza. Kandi mu 1606, umugabo yishe umuntu. Ibyago byabaye mugihe ukina umupira. Kugirango tutaba inyuma yuburoko, Caravaggio yarahunze. Imyaka 4 yanyuma, Umwanditsi wa sisthestpfatisi yisi yamaze mubuhungiro.
Miche Ndelangelo yizeye imbabazi, nuko yihisha hafi ya Roma, ariko nyuma yagiye i Naple. Yari muri Malta Urutonde rwa Malta. Ku kirwa cyumuhanzi cyeguriwe Knight kugirango mbonekere imbere yicyemezo cya Maltese. Ariko nanone yerekanye imico idahwitse yinjira mu rugamba. Byongeye kandi, uwo duhanganye na Caravaggio yabaye umujyanama wo mu rwego rwo hejuru kuri gahunda. Bidatinze, umuhanzi yashoboye gutoroka muri gereza ati.
Akaga katewe n'abayobozi b'Abataliyani byarangiye, ariko harasimbuye - abahagarariye itegeko. Mu 1609, Michengeralo yashoboye kubatoroka, ariko icyarimwe arababara. Abakurikirana birukanwe mumaso yumuhanzi. Nyuma, Caravaggio yongeye muri gereza, ariko yibeshye. Urupfu rw'Umuremyi rwaguye ku ya 18 Nyakanga 1610. Michelangelo yapfuye azize malariya. Umuhanzi Ukomeye yari afite imyaka 39.
Michelangelo Caravaggio yashyinguwe mu matsinda. Nyuma, ibisigazwa by'abagabo basanze. Ibirimo byo kuyobora mumagufwa byagaragaye kugirango birebye inshuro nyinshi. Menya ko muri iyo minsi iki kintu cyongewe ku kirangi. Ahari ntabwo ari malariya yishe umuhanzi, ahubwo ni umwuga.
Akazi
- 1593 - "Urubyiruko rufite igitebo cyimbuto"
- 1595 - "Abacuranzi"
- 1596 - "Umuhungu Yateguwe na Umuserebanya"
- 1597 - "Kugendera Magdalene"
- 1597 - "Medusa"
- 1598 - "Yudita na Olofern"
- 1599 - "Narcissus"
- 1600 - "MOCYRYRON YITANDUKANYE Matayo"
- 1601 - "Kubambwa kwa Mutagatifu Peter"
- 1602 - Amur-Yatsinze
- 1603 - "Gushyingura Kristo"
- 1604 - "Yohana Umubatiza"
- 1605 - "Portrait ya Papa Paul V"
- 1606 - "Maria Magdalene muri Ecstasy"
- 1607 - "Ibikorwa birindwi by'imbabazi"
- 1608 - "Gutahura Yohana Umubatiza"
- 1609 - "Izuka rya Lazaro"
- 1610 - "Dawidi wo mu mutwe wa Goliyati"