Ubuzima
Ikinamico ya Sinemes na Sinema ingrid Bergman yahindutse umugani wa Nealian Nerefonism. Usibye isura nziza, muse Alfred Hichkok na we yari afite impano idasanzwe, idashobora kunyura umuyobozi uwo ari we wese. Umuhanzi, mu rwego rwo kubaha ibyo roza zitandukanye zitiriwe amazina, yabaye umukizaro w'igihembo cya Oscar, inshuro enye "globe ya zahabu" kandi inshuro ebyiri - Amimium ya Amimi yubahwa.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ingrid Bergman yavutse ku ya 29 Kanama 1915 mu murwa mukuru wa Suwede - Stockholm. Se wuwahoze ari umukinnyi wa Adresse Yuussus Bergman yari afite kamera ya kamera. We umwe muri uwambere mu mujyi yaguzwe kamera ya videwo, abikesha isi yose yasanze ingdid yari umwana w'ifoto idasanzwe.
Nyina wumuhanzi Friede henrietta ntabwo yakoraga ahantu hose. Birababaje, udafite amashusho yatekereje umugore utandukanye cyane na kamere yironga, ubuhanzi. Yapfuye azize indwara ya gallbladder, iyo umukobwa atafite imyaka itatu.
Nyuma gato y'urupfu rwa Mama, nyirasenge, sullen and Rigen Helen yimukiye mu nzu, yimukira mu nzu. Umugore ntabwo yishora mu burere bw'abakobwa, kubera ibyo Ingrid yasaga naho arenze isi ye y'impimbano. Hamwe n'inshuti zibitekerezo, akenshi yakundaga cyane imbere yumuryango.
Afite imyaka 11, yafashe umukobwa gukora ikinamico yigihugu cya cyami. Mu kigo cy'abihaye Imana Melpomen, yavumbuye isi nshya, aho abantu bakina kuri stage, hamwe no kwemerwa na bene wabo bakiriye urukundo no kwita ku bahari bagaragaza rubanda. Imikorere irangiye, ingrid nto yari izi ibyo yakoresha ubuzima bwe.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko, nkumwana, firime yinyenyeri yangaga ishuri kandi yitwaje inshuro nyinshi umurwayi kutajya kumasomo. Kudashaka kwitabira ishuri byagaragaye bitewe no kwanga isura ye. Agakiza kubitekerezo bikomeye bya Bergman dusanga mubitabo. Imiterere yubuvanganzo ukunda yumuhanzi yari Zhanna d'arch. Intwari yamujyanye n'icyubahiro cye, ubutwari no kuba isugi ya Orleans yari yonyine nka we.
Ukwezi kumwe mbere yimyaka yimyaka 14, Bergman yatakaje se ukunda cyane cyane, wapfuye azize kanseri y'igifu. Kureka imfubyi, Ingrid yimukiye i nyito Helen, ariko yapfuye mu gice cy'umwaka. Hanyuma ingrid yimukiye i nyirarume otto.
Indyarya yari iy'ingenzi. Igikombe gikora cyamwemereye kurohama mu nyuguti, kuko masike yahishije ubuhanga roho ye yakomeretse. Ku myaka 15, Bergman yakinnye mu gice cya "Mpuzamahanga", bityo ashyira intangiriro yumwuga we wo gukora.
Mu 1933, Ingrid yajyanye ku ishuri ry'ikinamico ya cyami, na nyuma yumwaka umunyeshuri ufite impano yakiriye icyifuzo cyo kurasa muri firime. Nubwo abarimu babonaga ko umwuga wa firime, ntibikwiye umukinnyi nyawe, Bergman agenda atangiza ikigo cy'uburezi kandi ntiyatakaje. Yakinnye na 1936, uruhare runini muri 6 Rubari 6 Igisuwede, yabaye abareba ku isi.
Film
Turashimira "Intermezto" y'urukundo "mu 1936, umuyobozi wa Hollywood David Selznik yagaragaye mu 1936. Yaguze uburenganzira kuri filime asinyana amasezerano n'umukinnyi wa filime ku kurasa imigabane yo gushushanya muri Amerika.
Mu 1941, amafoto ya firime yazuwe n'uruhare muri filime "Dr. Justope na Bwana BROUID". Muri Ribe, Ingrid yakinnye coster ya Suwede hamwe n'abumva, ariko indaya ivi. Uru ruhare rwahaye umuhanzi amahirwe yo kwiyerekana kuruhande rushya, icyarimwe rwerekanaga ubusambanyi bwambere.
Umwaka utaha, Bergman, abashakanye hamwe na Humphrey Bogart yakinnye muri film Michael Cartitsa Casablanca. Birashimishije kubona mwishusho ya Illo, twakozwe inshuro ebyiri, kuko Bergman atabonye mumiterere yimico ye yimbitse.
Mu ntangiriro za 1944, Filime ya George Kickor "urumuri rwa gaze" rwasohotse. Mu gushushanya, umukinnyi wa filime yakinnye umugabo we amayeri yagerageje kumvisha ko yari asaze. Uru ruhare rwazanye ANGrid Oscar ya mbere. 1945-1946 yaranzwe no kwinjira mu mucyo wa Alfred Hichkok "we Welbid" n '"icyubahiro kibi".
Filime "Inzogera za Mutagatifu Mariya" zabaye umuvumo nyawo wa Bergman. Nubwo ishusho ihagaze ku ishusho, kuba umushyitsi yatangiye kumenya umukinnyi wa firine, yagize ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwabo bw'umuhanzi, biteganijwe ko hateganijwe imyitwarire myiza nyuma yo gufata amashusho.
Mu 1948, inkombe ya banki y'ingurube Bergman yuzuza uruhare runini muri filime "Zhanna d'ar". Ingrid yari yiteze ko iyi kaseti izamure kurwego rushya, ariko kubwibyo, ishusho ntabwo yaguye kugirango iryohe cyangwa abumva cyangwa abanegura.
Filime "Stromboli", yarekuwe muri ecran nini mu 1950, yahawe isubiramo ryiganjemo nabi kandi ribuzwa mu mijyi myinshi. Abanyamerika bagera kuri miliyoni eshanu batoye kureba ko filime hamwe n'ibirindiro bya Bergman bibujijwe kwerekana ku karere k'igihugu cyabo.
Mu 1956, umuhanzi yakinnye mu ishusho "Anastasia". KINOMAS kwisi yose yaje gufata umwanzuro ko uruhare rwumugore, cyane guhunika cyane aho bakorera, byari bikomeye cyane. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, Bergman, hamwe hamwe numukinnyi uzwi cyane wa Cary Dist yibasiye muri firime Stanley Stanley Donosth "udafite ubwenge."
Mu 1974, umuhanzi yagaragaye muri filime "Ubwicanyi mu burasirazuba bwa Express", aho yikiniye umumisiyonari w'inzirakarengane kugeza ku cyaha cya Greto Olson. Mu 1978, umuyobozi wa film ingmar bergman "umuhindo Sonata" yarekuwe mu gitara kinini, kandi mu kinamico ya 1982 yitwaza zahabu "
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Abantu bose bahari mubuzima bwa Bergman basobanukiwe ko umurimo wo gutera imbere imiryango nabana. Kuba umukobwa ukiri muto, yagoretse igitabo hamwe na dentiste yatsinze Peter Lindstrom. Umugabo wari ukuze mu muhanzi imyaka 10, aha icyizere cya Bergman mu gihe kizaza aragikurura neza n'ibyiringiro bye. Yari inshuti, n'umukunzi, n'umujyanama.
Bergman yagiriwe inama inshuro nyinshi na yakundwaga ku bibazo by'umwuga. Petero yizeraga ko ibikurikira bivuye ku babwiriza batabarika IGrid bizafasha ishusho yo gukuraho ubuzima n'ubushyanga ubwiza bwiza. Birazwi ko mbere yo kujya i Stockholm, uherereye mu nkengero za Stockholm, abakunzi bashidikanyije ku igare ry'imodoka. Utiriwe ugera ku ntego nyamukuru y'abashakanye babiri, Bergman yinjije mu gutwara ibiziga bibiri, aje kurubuga.
Petero na Ingrid babyutse mu 1936, kandi mu mwaka w'ubukwe bwabo bwabaye. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1937, inzu yo mu muryango ukiri muto yari ifite bene wabo mu Budage. Mugihe cyo kurya, byagaragaye ko nyirasenge wa Lindstrome yakundaga ingengabitekerezo ya Hitler. Kugira ngo wishimire umuvandimwe w'uwo mwashakanye, wasinyanye amasezerano yo kurasa filime ebyiri hamwe na Studio y'Abanazi "UFA".
Amaze gusubira mu mpande kavukire, umukinnyi wa filime mu 1937 yahaye umunyamadini umukobwa ukundwa. Iyo umukinnyi ufite impano yakiriye ubutumire bwa Hollywood, umugabo we ntiyabitaye. Mu muryango wa 1939 wimukiye muri California. Igihe kigufi cya Petero cyinjije muri Amerika hamwe n'umwuga we w'ingenzi, ariko bidatinze aba umuyobozi wa filime. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, abantu bose badahagarariye inshuti badafite inshuti yabakundana bafitanye isano gusa nubucuruzi bwubucuruzi. Ingrid yashakaga gutandukana, ariko umugabo uzi ibishya byumugore we kuruhande, ntabwo yamuhaye.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1946, umukinnyi wa filime yabonye film ya Neanlist Roberto Roberto Rosselini "Roma - Umujyi ufunguye". Ubworoherane bwakazi na realism bukabije bwimirimo kugeza kuri ubujyakuzimu bwabugingo bwakoranye na Bergman. Nyuma mu kiganiro na Angrid yemeye ko bakundana n'umuyobozi w'Ubutaliyani binyuze muri firime ze. Mu kwemerwa n'uwo bashakanye, umukinnyi wa filime yanditse ibaruwa ya Roberto, yamwerekanye ko ashishikajwe n'ubufatanye na we.
Muri Werurwe 1949, Ingrid yagurutse mu murwa mukuru w'Ubutaliyani kugira ngo akingire Rossellini. Mu ci y'uwo mwaka, igitabo cyabo cyabaye rubanda. Itangazamakuru ryarebye mu rukundo n'umurango, nijoro. Petero, udashaka gufata neza ko ishyingiranwa rye ryarangije, riguruka i Roma ku mugore we. Nyuma y'ibiganiro birebire, yizirika umutima yemeye gutanga uwo mwashakanye akusaniraga ubutane. Nibyo, amaherezo, umugabo wababajwe yambuwe uwahoze ari umugore wo mushinzwe kubara.
Iyo amakuru ajyanye no gutwita umukinnyi washyizwe mu bitangazamakuru, abanyamakuru rwose bagose inyenyeri y'inyenyeri, nyuma yo kuvuka mu myaka ya 1950 Robertino, umuhungu abafotora bifuzaga kubona amashusho y'uruhinja rukivuka ku giciro icyo ari cyo cyose. Muri uwo mwaka, abakunzi bawitwaza umubano wabo. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri ubukwe, Bergman yahaye umugabo we impanga na Isabella roselini.
Inyenyeri yahisemo kudasubiramo amakosa yashize hanyuma ashyireho umwanya wambere utarasa muri firime, ariko umuryango. Nibyo, nyuma yimyaka mike, Ingride yamenyaga ko umugabo we adashoboye kumugaburira abana bonyine. Nubwo imyigaragambyo y'abayobozi, yakinnye mu maboko ya Teatical ya Robert Anderson "icyayi n'impuhwe". Rosselini mbere yuko premiere yumukino yavuze ko ikinamico ari ubusa.
Nyuma y'igikorwa cya mbere, yabajije Bergman ati: "Muri NUGO, undi muntu yagumye?" Nyuma ya kabiri - yabajije niba inyanya ye itajugunywe, kandi iyo irangiye, abumva bakoma amatwi iminota 14, bava mu kipe. Muri ako kanya, umuhanzi yamenye ko ishyingiranwa rye ryaje kurangira. Batanye mu myaka ya za 1957, n'umwaka umwe wongeye gushyingirwa. Abakora The Chmidet Producr lars Schmidt yabaye umutware. Ubumwe bwabayeho imyaka 17, yaguye mu 1975.
Urupfu
Mu 1973, umukinnyi wa filime yasuzumye kanseri y'ibere kandi akuramo byihutirwa igituza. Mugihe cyo gufata amashusho ya "Autumn Sonata", Ingrid yamenye ko ikibyimba cyatanze metastase. Nyuma yo gusohoka kw'imibavu akajya mu cyera kinini, yakuweho amabere ya kabiri, ariko indwara yateje imbere. Nyuma y'ibyumweru bibiri nyuma yibikorwa, inyenyeri ya Hollywood yatangiye kubyimba ukuboko. Abaganga batangaje ko bakeneye kugabanyirizwa ibihimbano. Gukora muburyo bwo kumugaye no kuba umutwaro ukikije, umuhanzi yahisemo urupfu rutinze.
Nubwo ububabare butibagirwa, Bergman yakomeje kuri firime. Muri Nzeri 1981, yagurutse muri Isiraheli ku kurasa kwa televiziyo ya televiziyo ya kiliviya "witwa Zahabu." Mu mizo ya mbere, umukinnyi wa filime yanze uruhare, avuga ko ari igisura kinini, na GodA ni umuyahudi mugufi, ariko amaherezo, Ingrid aracyafite inzara muri filime. Nk'uko inshuti zivuga ko uruhare runini mu gufata icyemezo cyagize ukuri nk'ukuri mu nzira z'abo bagore bombi bakomeye. Isiraheli Minisitiri w'intebe, kimwe na nyiri OSCA, yazanye umuryango mu gitambo cy'umwuga, kandi nanone ntabwo yari azi ibibi.
Bergman ubutwari yarwanye n'indwara zikomeye imyaka 9. Umukinnyi wa filime yapfuye mu isabukuru yimyaka 67 - 29 Kanama 1982, i Londres. Umukungugu we, kubushake, ukuraho inyanja ya Scagerrak, guhuza inyanja y'Amajyaruguru na Baltike, ndetse no gutura fihelbakk, aho umukinnyi wakoraga, aho umukinnyi washizeho incuro kuva mu 1958, yashyizeho urwibutso.
Filmography
- 1982 - "Umugore witwa Zahabu"
- 1974 - "Ubwicanyi muri" Express Express ""
- 1969 - "Indabyo za Cactus"
- 1964 - "Sura"
- 1956 - "Anastasia"
- 1954 - "ubwoba"
- 1949 - "n'Ikimenyetso cya Capricorn"
- 1948 - "Jeanne D'"
- 1948 - "Intsinzi ya Arch"
- 1946 - "Icyubahiro kibi"
- 1945 - "ASHAKA"
- 1943 - "Itegeko ryahamagaye inzogera"
- 1942 - "Casablanca"
- 1941 - "Dr. Jyeba na Bwana HEID"
- 1936 - Intermezto