Ubuzima
Mu 1874, ibyabaye byafunguye ibihe bishya mu gushushanya byabereye i Paris. Itsinda ry'abahanzi bakomeye, barambiwe ko impande zose zizenguruka isi y'Ubufaransa, yerekanye akazi ke ku imurikagurisha ryigenga. Noneho, hamwe nabarangi bya Claude Monet na Edgar dedas, amashusho ashyira amashusho yishusho yisi ya Augugere Boxe.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Pierre Auguste Renoir yavutse ku ya 25 Gashyantare 1841. Umujyi wavukiyemo wari uherereye mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bw'Ubufaransa bwa komini ya Limoge. Umuhanzi yari umwana wa gatandatu wo mu bana barindwi b'ubudodo bwa Leonard n'umugore we, Seampstress Margarita. Nubwo umuryango wagabanutse urangira urangiye, ababyeyi bafashe umwanya kandi bakunda gutinda kwitabwaho n'ubwuzu bwa buri rubyaro rwabo.
Akiri umwana, Pierre yari umuhungu ufite ubwoba kandi umvikaho, ariko Leonard na Margarita bafite impuhwe bari ababana. Papa yabajije umuhungu we igihe Augus akururwa n'amakaramu no kudoda, na nyina - igihe yashushanyaga ku nkike z'inzu. Mu 1844, Renuara yimukiye i Paris. Hano Auguste yinjiye muri korari yitorero hamwe na katedrali nini ya Saint-Estash.
Regent choral Charles Guno, ibyumweru bibiri byagerageje kumvisha ababyeyi gutanga umwanditsi wumukobwa ushushanya umwanditsi "mu ishuri ryumuziki. Ariko, nkigisubizo, Pierre Isi Yemetse yumvikana yahisemo gushushanya. Leonard yahaye umuragwa ku bavandimwe bo mu ruganda rwa Levi yishora mu gukora ibicuruzwa biva mu maparuji, ubwo yari afite imyaka 13. Ngaho, umuhungu yiga gushushanya, gushushanya amasahani, inkono na vase kumashusho yaturutse munsi yukarabi.
Iyo mu 1858, Isosiyete yagiye guhomba, ikiruhuko cyo guhomba, gushakishwa n'andi masoko yinjiza, bishushanyijeho inkuta za Rococo - Abahanzi ba Antoine, Jean Onor Fragonar na Francois Bush. Nk'uko ba biografiya babitangaza, ubunararibonye bwagize ingaruka ku guhanga nyuma ya gahunda.
Nibikorwa bya XVIILIYA YIKINGIRA XVIII Ikangutse mu nyandiko yishusho "Rosa" gukunda amabara meza nimirongo itagira ishingiro. Bidatinze, Auguste yamenye ko kwifuza kwe byari bimwe mubikorwa byo kwigana. Mu 1862, yinjiye mu ishuri ry'ubuhanzi bwiza. Umujyanama we ni Umuhanzi w'Ubusuwisi Mark Gaburiyeli Charles Gleir, yubahirije amarozi n'imigenzo yo kwiga.
Dukurikije iyi gakondo, imirimo yanditswe gusa ku mpamvu zamateka cyangwa imigani, kandi amabara yijimye gusa atsinda muri palette yerekana. Inkwavu nk'iyi y'abacamanza ba salon yafashe imurikagurisha ry'umwaka, riha amahirwe yo gutangaza ko ari abaparizi batangira. Mu mahugurwa ya Renuara ku ishuri, ubutegetsi bwo guhirwa ku isi bw'Ubufaransa bwahamagariwe.
Abahanzi bo mu ishuri rya Barbizon bagaragaje cyane ko bafite ubuzima bwabo bwa buri munsi bakoresheje umukino w'umucyo n'igicucu. Kandi, ukuri kwazwi kuri Gustave Koruru muri bose yavuze ko umurimo ushushanya ari ukugaragaza ukuri, kandi ntabwo ari amashusho meza mubijyanye namasomo. Ongera usubiremo, kimwe na mugenzi we - Abanyeshuri bagenzi be Claude Mone na Alfred Sisley, bari bazi imyumvire y'impinduramatwara yo gutegeka mu kirere.
Iyo bimaze kwerekana umwanya wabo, mugihe cyamasomo, nta mbaraga za Gleira, barasohoka batangira gushushanya ikintu cyuzuyemo bari bakikijwe. Mbere ya byose, abahanzi ba Novice baje mu ishyamba rya Ftontaineau. Aha hantu hashize imyaka 20 abanditsi bavuga ibyangombwa. Ngaho, Renoir yahuye na Zhake Gustaven Kurba, urwayiwe rugaragara ku ishusho ya 1866 "Kharchevny Mama Antoni". Canvas yerekana ibintu bitari byiza, bya buri munsi byubuzima byabaye ikimenyetso cyo kunanirwa kwagukana kuva mumigenzo yamasomo yo gushushanya.
Gushushanya
Gukura guhanga bije kubitangaza icyarimwe - hamwe no gutangira 70, byashyizeho intangiriro yimyaka icumi nziza mubuhanzi bwabo.Iyi myaka yera cyane muri iyi myaka yari mu bihe by'ubuhanzi bya Renua: "Amateka yo mu muryango", ati: "Amateka yo mu muryango", "umutware w'izuba", "Umutwe w'abagore", "Boulevari nini "" Kugenda "," mu mupira muri Le Moulin De Laulin Saatte "," Igenda ikarishye hamwe n'abana bawe "," Groucolat mu mujyi "," igikombe cya shokora "" Unbrellas ",", "umutaka", "ifunguro rya mu gitondo rinini", "ifunguro rya mu gitondo rya mu gitondo", "Ifunguro rya mu gitondo rya mu gitondo", ntabwo ari urutonde rwuzuye rwa pospieces yakozwe na Auguste muri iki gihe.
Ntabwo ari ingano gusa, ahubwo ni uburyo butangaje butandukanye bwakazi. Hano hari ahantu nyaburanga, biracyaza, kandi kamere yambaye ubusa, kandi ashushanya, hamwe n amashusho yo murugo. Biragoye kuri bose muri bo gutanga ibyo bakunda. Kuri Renuara, bose bahuza urunigi rumwe, ishusho yubuzima, aispit fete.
Brush ye, na gato atangije ukuri, afite ubworoherane, yahinduye umuja utari utangaje mu kuna inkunga y'ingabo. Iyi mico yigaragaza mugikorwa cyo kuvugurura hafi yintambwe zambere mubuhanzi, nkuko bigaragara ku ishusho "hasi" (izina rya kabiri - "koga kuri Seine").
Umugambi we watanze ikiruhuko ku nkombe z'umugezi wa Leta, igikundiro cy'umunsi w'izuba, ifeza y'amazi n'umwuka w'ubururu. Gloss yo hanze ntabwo yinjiye muri Renoara. Yashakaga kuba mwiza, ariko karemano. Kugira ngo ubigereho, Rurema yataye ibisobanuro gakondo y'ibihimbano, bitanga akazi kubona ishusho ihita ifatwa.
Muri 80, kuvugurura byakoraga bifite icyifuzo kidasanzwe. Pierre yanditse amashusho kubatwara hamwe nabafite iduka rikize. Canvas yagaragajwe i Londres, Buruseli, ndetse no mu imurikagurisha mu mahanga mu mahanga i Paris.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Renoir yakundaga abagore, kandi baramusubiza yisubiraho. Niba dushyizeho urutonde rwabashimishije, gutanga icyemezo kigufi cya buriwese, urutonde rwaba runini. Abimukira bakoranye n'umuhanzi bavuze ko Auguste atigera arongora. Igishushanyo kizwi cyane muse, umukinnyi wa filime Zahan Mamari, yavuze ko Pierre abikesheje gukoraho igikona muri canvas ahura nabagore yanditse.
Kumenyekanisha icyubahiro nkumuntu ufite impano, kuvugurura hagati ya 1890 byinjiye mu cyiciro gishya cyubuzima bwe. Nyiricyubahiro muremure wa Augusya - Lisa Treto araburana akava mu muhanzi. Pierre yatangiye gutakaza buhoro buhoro gushishikazwa no kuvuga, agaruka mubikorwa kuri kera. Muri kiriya gihe niho umwanditsi w'ibishushanyo "imbyino" yahuye n'umusore muto Alina Ririya, nyuma yabaye umugore we.
Pierre yahuye numugore uzaza muri Dairy Madame Kamil. Nubwo itandukaniro rifite (Srishago yari umugabo ukiri muto mumyaka 20), kwifuzana kwa Renuara na Alina ntibabibona. Umukobwa wiziritse neza, ukurikije umuhanzi, yari "mwiza".
Yashakaga guhora akuramo umugongo nk'inyoni. Mu gushushanya, mukobwa ntabwo yumvise, ariko kureba uko ba balele ya Pierre bapfunyika, bahuye numva bitangaje mubuzima. Alina, wari uzi ubufindo kandi mu gikoni cyiza, kandi afite amakosa meza, aba umugore mwiza kubahanzi (nubwo binjiye mubukwe bwemewe, nyuma yo kuvuka kwa mwene umwe ya Jean).
Ntiyigeze agerageza kwishyiriraho umugabo we, ahitamo kwerekana imyifatire ye umukundwa n'inshuti ze binyuze mu masahani atetse. Birazwi ko iyo abakunzi babaga kuri Montmartre, inzu ya Renokara, ifite amafaranga make, yumvise abashyikirije benshi. Abashyitsi bakunze kuvurwa hamwe ninka zatetse hamwe nimboga.
Mumaze kuba umuhanzi, Alina yashoboye koroshya ubuzima bwe, akazungura Umuremyi mubintu byose bishobora kubuza umurimo we. Shargo yahise yubaha isi yose. Ndetse na monasiteri ya dedas, amubona inshuro imwe mu imurikagurisha, yavuze ko Alina ameze nk'umwamikazi wasuye acrobats. Birazwi ko, kurongorwa na SERIGO, Umwanditsi wa "bashiki bacu babiri" yakunze kwinjije hafi na kaburimbo.
UKURI, Izi mvugo zose za kamere n'urukundo rw'urukundo ntibyatewe n'umwanya wa Madame Renoir, kuko yari nyina w'abana be (abahungu ba Pierre, Claude na Jean bavukiye mu nzu ye ndetse n'uwawe ntabwo yimutse avuye muri Pierre igihe yari arwaye. Mu 1897, kubera ingorane nyuma yo kuvunika ukuboko, ubuzima bwirangi bwangirika cyane. Umuhanzi yarwaye abantu, ariko, ndetse akaba ari iminyururu mu kagare k'abamugaye, yakomeje gukora ibihangano bishya.
Umuyobozi wurugendo rwa Fovist Henri Matisse, wasuye buri gihe kuvugurura muri studio ye, rimwe, atitaye, yabajijwe kubijyanye no gukora akazi gahoraho nabyo biherekejwe nububabare buhoraho. Hanyuma, Auguste, sinatinda ku isegonda, yashubije inshuti ko ububabare agira, kandi ubwiza bwaremwe buzagumaho.
Urupfu
Mu myaka yashize, ingingo zimwe zari zitandukanye mubikorwa bya Renuara: abagaga, oodaliste, imibare nibishushanyo byabana. Kubahanzi, aya mashusho yari igitabo cyikigereranyo cyurubyiruko, ubwiza nubuzima. Izuba ryo mu majyepfo ya provence, igikurura umubiri wumugore, isura nziza yumwana - muri bo nashushanyijeho "indabyo" cy'umwanditsi y'ibyishimo byo kubaho, ibyo yeguriye ibihangano bye.Intambara ya mbere y'isi yose yavunitse inzira isanzwe ya gahunda. Rero, uhereye ku byamubayeho byagiye imbere, uwo mwashakanye aliza apfuye ahita apfa. Amaze kuba umupfakazi, ubabazwa n'indwara n'inzara, agunge, akoresheje imico ye, ntabwo yanze ubuhanzi, ntabwo yatwikiriye uburemere bw'ukuri kubyerekeranye. Iyo ukuri kutagiha ibiryo byo guhanga, yahumetswe mu kwigana no mu busitani, yatwitse ku buntu bwakonje.
Umwanya uzwi cyane wapfuye urwaye umusonga ku ya 3 Ukuboza 1919, ufite umwanya wo kurangiza umurimo we wa nyuma "uracyafite ubuzima kuri Anemoniya". Umusaza wimyaka mirongo irindwi mbere yuko ngwiri ya nyuma yagumye adashobora gukosorwa kwizuba ryizuba nibyishimo byabantu. Noneho imirimo ya Renoara irimbishijwe hamwe nububiko bwuburayi.
Akazi
- 1869 - "Igorofa"
- 1877 - "Portrait ya Zhanna Samari"
- 1877 - "Guhaguruka kwa mbere"
- 1876 - "Umupira muri Moulin De La La Gaette"
- 1880 - "Imibare mu busitani"
- 1881 - "Kuzunguruka ifunguro rya mu gitondo"
- 1883 - "Imbyino muri Buval"
- 1886 - "Umbrellas"
- 1887 - "Aboga Binini"
- 1889 - "Bratka"
- 1890 - "Abakobwa bo mu rwuri"
- 1905 - "Ahantu hantu hafi ya kanoe"
- 1911 - "Gabriel Na Rose"
- 1913 - "Urukiko rwa Paris"
- 1918 - "Odalisk"