Ubuzima
Lawrence Olivier - Ikinamico y'Ubwongereza na Sinema. Umwe mu bakinnyi benshi bo mu kinyejana cya 20, indi rettoire yashyizemo ikinamico ya kera ya William Shakespeare na Amerika ya none. Igihembo cya Oscar, cyatsindiye amashusho afite imyaka 85 z'uburebure, kubera umwuga we yabaye umuyobozi wibikorwa 38 byabajijwe hamwe numuyobozi wa firime atandatu.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Lawrence Kerr Olivier yavutse ku ya 22 Gicurasi 1907, mu mujyi wa Dork, uherereye mu ntara ya Surrey (Ubwongereza). Data, weguriwe ubuzima bwe ku murimo w'Imana, yazanye abana be (Umuhanzi yari afite mushiki we Sibyy, kubera ko umutware w'amadini akomeye, kubera ko umutware wo kuvugurura wa nyina agnes Louis. Birazwi ko urupfu rw'ababyeyi mu 1920 rwabaye rugamije gukurikiza ibyago nyabyo.
Ku nshuro ya mbere, ejo hazaza hazajya ahabera afite imyaka 9, gusohoza uruhare rwa Brutu mu gihe cy'ishuri "Julius Sezari". Noneho umuhanzi uzwi cyane Elulen Terry yari ahari kubikorwa, ibyo, birangiye ikiganiro, gishima umukino wubuyobozi bukiri muto. Kuva mu mibereho y'inyenyeri ya Hollywood, hazwi ko hashize imyaka ine Premiere ya Lawford yinjiye mu ishuri rya Oxford yitiriwe impande zose.
Ngaho, mu munsi mukuru w'ikinamico, we, mu migenzo myiza ya Shakespeare Igihe cya Shakespeare, yakinnye inshuro nyinshi Katharina mu rwego rwo guhanura "guhambira ibyuma", ndetse no mu isaha "mu ijoro ryimpeshyi". Intsinzi y'Umwana yemeje Olivier-umusaza mu kuba umuragwa we ufite ibyo azigama.
Mu 1924, Lawrence yinjiye mu ishuri rikuru rya Londres rya Oratory n'ubuhanzi butangaje, amaherezo yafatiwe mu gihe cy'ikinamika ya Birmingham. Umwaka umwe nyuma, umuhanga wo kuvuka wabaye umukinnyi mukuru, wuzuza uruhare rwa Hamle na Macbeth kuri stage y'urusengero.
Film
Mu 1930, Lawrence yagaragaye bwa mbere kuri ecran ya firime. Yakinnye uruhare rwa Peter Bill mu mafilime "Umupfakazi w'agateganyo", nyuma y'umwaka wanditseho ingurube y'ingurube ifite itike y'umuhondo hamwe n'igituba. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko umukinnyi utihanganiye aba firime, urebye ikintu cyingenzi ubuzima bwe, aho yamurikiye mu nshingano za Shakespeare.
Mu 1939, yakinnye ku bukode bwa William Wile "inkuba ya pasiporo", nyuma y'umwaka, aba bombi bakoresheje uruhare runini mu kurwanya imirimo ya Jane Austin "Ishema n'urwikekwe". Mu 1948, film "Hamlet" yarekuwe kuri ecran, aho amategeko atagize uruhare runini, ahubwo yanagize uruhare nk'umuyobozi. Uyu murimo wakiriye ibihembo byinshi, harimo igihembo cya Oscar.
Mu gihe cyo kuva 1951 kugeza 1955, gufotora inzara byazumijwe no gusuzuma imirimo ya The Carrie ", kimwe na" Opera "na kaseti ya III. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, Olivier yafashwe amashusho mu mishinga mire mire ya filmie, imitima, abumva, yakundaga cyane cyane igikomangoma n'umubyinnyi na Marilyn Monroe, "Sperit" na "bashiki bacu batatu".
Mu 1976, Premiere ya firime yayobowe na John Schleinger "marathonets". Ku mutima wumugambi wibishushanyo, bivuga ubuzima bwa buri munsi ukireba, nta munyeshuri wamenyekanye Thodi (Dustin Hoffman), abeshya igitabo cy'umwanditsi William Goldman. Muri Ribe, Lawrence yongeye kuvungirwa muri Dr. Igikonoshwa cya Gikristo.
Nyuma yimyaka itatu, umukinnyi yashohoje uruhare rwo kwiyongera kwa siyansi yubupfumu, Bwana Aburahamu Van Van Aditaling, mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y'izina ry'urutonde rw'izina "Dracula". Mu 1981, Premiere ya firime yubuntu nimigani ya kera yUmuyobozi Desmond Davis "Intambara ya Titans" yabaye. Muri firime, umuhanzi yabonye uruhare rwa Nyagasani rwinkuba nirabyo - Imana ya Zewusi.
Mu 1984, abafana babonye abakunda mu gushushanya "ibihe byabo", aho, aho, abakinnyi Mel Gibson, Anthony Hopson, Anthony Hopkins na Liam nison bakinnye. Mu myaka ya nyuma y'ubuzima, Olivier yakoze byinshi kuri tereviziyo. Uruhare rwe muri Televiziyo "Umunara w'igiti cy'umukara", "Wagner" na "Urukundo mu matongo", aho yakinnye muri Duet ya Guhanga hamwe na Catherine Hepburn. Ishusho yanyuma Olivier yakinnye muri firime ndende ni uruhare rwumusirikare ugeze mu za bukuru muri firime "Requiem" (1989).
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Muri Kanama 1940, ubukwe bw'abakinnyi Lawrence Olivier na Vivien Lee babaye mu mujyi wa Santaricaniya wa Santa Barbara. Uyu muhango w'ibanga (mu birori byitabiriwe ku Bahamya ba filime gusa Catherine Hepburn n'umwanditsi Garson Kanin) babanjirije igitabo cyihuse ndetse no gutandukana kw'abakundana.
Babanaga imyaka 20, kubera ko Vivien yavuye mu mukinnyi wa mukinnyi watangiye mu nyenyeri ya firime, arwaye indwara zikomeye no kwiheba, kandi Lawrence yabaye umugabo w'ishyari utamubabariye gutsinda. Inkuru yabo y'urukundo yatangiye mu 1935. Hanyuma muri Londres Ikinamico hamwe nintsinzi yari ikinamico "romeo na Juliet", aho Olivier yagize uruhare runini.
Ishusho ya protramental na Sparkling Romeo yatsinze umukinnyi wumukimbyi, icyo gihe icyo gihe yari ahari kubikorwa. Kuva muri ako kanya, Vivien yashakaga kugera kuri buri wese kubona abigiranye uruhare rw'Umuziki wakundaga. Umunsi umwe, abadamu bashoboye kwinjira aho kandi kugiti cyabo bamenya umuhanzi.
Inama yabo yahindutse ubucuti, hanyuma mushyanga umuyaga, yatangiye gufata amashusho ya Filime "Flame hejuru y'Ubwongereza". Noneho abakinnyi bakinnye abakunzi. Amezi atatu yo kurasa, urukundo rwa ecran rwabayeho mubyukuri. Ibintu byose byari byiza cyane, usibye bimwe bifatika "ariko" - abakinnyi bombi muri kiriya gihe ntibari bafite umudendezo. Vivienn yari afite umugabo n'umukobwa muto wa Susanna, kandi Olivier yashakanye na Topiraress Jill Elmond kandi na we yari afite umwana.
Nubwo abashakanye bahanganye banze gutanga ubutane mu rukundo, baracyazwe mu gushyingirwa, batangira kubana. Abahanzi bamaze gutandukana, bahurijwe rwihishwa nubukwe bwemewe. Nyuma gato y'ubukwe, Alexander Korda yahaye abashyingiranywe kugira uruhare runini muri filime "Lad Hamilton", ashingiye ku rukundo rw'urukundo admiral Nelson n'umugore we Ambasali Emma.
Niba ishusho yo kubara Umudamu Hamilton yari umucyo kandi uri umwere amategeko ahinnye ko impyisi yintwari yatakaye iruhande rwe. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe na buri gikorwa gishya, itandukaniro riri mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa no kwegera abagize uruhare ruhurije mu maso mu maso byose bikomeye. Olivier yasuzumye ubuhanga bwo gukora hamwe nubucuruzi, Vivien yahaye ubu buhanzi hamwe nubugingo bwose, kubaho buri mwanya mubuzima bwintwari nkuwe.
Gusa imbaraga zabakinnyi beza bakijije ishyingiranwa ryabo kuva gusenyuka: Umukecuru atabanje gushimirwa na Olivier kandi yanze ibyifuzo byinshi kandi yanze ibyifuzo byiza mu mibereho myiza. Mu 1944, umuryango wabo wagize indi mibereho - yishimye kandi ikora vivien yarwaye igituntu. Abaganga bakurikije ubutegetsi bwe n'ubutaka mu bitaro, ariko umudamu ntiyashakaga kuba irembo ry'ubushake kandi, atirengagizwa n'abakozi bose b'abaganga, bakomeje gukora.
Indwara yakongejwe no guhagarika umutima kenshi. Lawrence yararakaye kandi afite ubwoba bw'umugore we, aho yahise amujyana. Kurambirwa uwo mwashakanye hafi, Umukinnyi Olivier yatangiye kugaragara cyane kandi akunze kuba abatari bato. Buri munsi warushijeho kuba mubi, Lawrence yashishikajwe numuhanzi ukiri muto wikinamico na firime Joan Plouait.
Ku munsi, igihe Vivien yari afite imyaka 45, Olivier yagize neza ko yatangaye Roll royce, nyuma y'iminsi mike, nyuma y'ibyo, ibaruwa yabajije ibijyanye no gutandukana yashyikirijwe. Mu 1961, Lawrence yashakanye n'inshuro ya gatatu, ku mukinnyi wa filime Joan kwikema. Abyara inyenyeri ya screens televiziyo abana batatu: mwene Richard (yabaye umuyobozi a) n'abakobwa Tamsin na Yuliya-Kat (bahinduka film). Abashakanye babanaga kugeza igihe Olivier yapfiriye.
Urupfu
Muri ibyo 80, Olivier yavumbuye kanseri. Mu myaka mike, umuyobozi ahanganye n'indwara, ariko kubwibyo, indwara yaratsinze. Lawrence yapfuye ku ya 11 Nyakanga 1989. Birazwi ko mu masaha ya nyuma yubuzima iruhande rw'umukinnyi uzwi cyane hari umuryango we n'inshuti magara. Imva yumukozi w'ikinamico iherereye iruhande rw'imva z'abanditsi ba Charles Dickens na Thomas ikomeye mu mfuruka y'abanyazigo za Westminster Abbey.
Mu 2004, Kerry Conmani "Kapiteni wo mu ijuru n'isi yo mu ijuru" film yarekuwe muri ecran nini. Muri firime, usibye Jude Lowe, Gwyneth Paltrow na Angelina Jolie, na we yagaragaye ko iyubakwa rya Olivier. Nyuma yimyaka itatu Premiere, i Londres, urwibutso rwa Landrence Olivier yakinguwe ku kibanza hafi yikigereranyo cyegereye ikinamico yumwami. Urwibutso rwerekana umuhanzi mu nshingano zayo nziza - Hamlet.
Filmography
- 1939 - "Inkuba Ya Pass"
- 1940 - "Rebecca"
- 1940 - "Ishema n'Urwikekwe"
- 1948 - "Hamlet"
- 1952 - "Mushikiwabo Carrie"
- 1957 - "Umuganwa n'umubyinnyi"
- 1959 - "Umunyeshuri wa Sekibi"
- 1960 - "Spartak"
- 1965 - "Othello"
- 1969 - "Intambara y'Ubwongereza"
- 1970 - "bashiki bacu batatu"
- 1976 - "Marathonets"
- 1977 - "ikiraro cyane"
- 1979 - "Dracula"
- 1981 - "Intambara ya Titans"
- 1988 - "Requiem Requiem"