Ubuzima
Ibyaha bya kera bifatwa nkibintu byiza byo kuva mumashuri ya filozofiya - ikiremwamuntu kimaze gucika intege mu muco kandi cyagutse ubwo wange bwubumenyi, nacyo, cyabyaye ibibazo byinshi. Hanyuma inyigisho ya Socrate, yuzuza kandi ikorwa na plato yabanyeshuri ihebuje, yateguwe. Iyi nyigisho yabaye umuco, nuko ikomeza kuba ingirakamaro kuri uyumunsi.
Ariko hari izindi shuri rya filozofiya, nk'ishuri ryo gutwika, ryashinzwe n'undi munyeshuri wa Socrate - antisten. Uhagarariye urumuri rwibintu - Diogen Silnovsky, uzwi cyane mu makimbirane ahoraho na Platon, kimwe na booke (rimwe na rimwe ndetse na dilgar) antics.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Kubyerekeye ubuzima bwa diogen buzwi bike, kandi amakuru yazigamye ntavuguruzanya. Kuba bizwi ku mibereho y'umufilozofiya, yashyizwe mu gice kimwe cy'izina rye, umuhanga wa paya nyababyeyi na Bible Diogen Lanertsky "ku buzima, inyigisho z'abafilozofe bazwi".
Dukurikije igitabo, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya ya kera y'Abagereki yavukiye mu 412 kugeza mu gihe cyacu, mu mujyi wa Sinep (ku bw'indi, arindi izina), iherereye ku nkombe y'inyanja y'umukara. Ibyerekeye Mama Diogen Ntakintu kizwi. Se w'umuhungu Abikeli yakoraga na Trapezit - mu Bugereki bwa kera yarahindutse ndetse n'abanyeshuri.
Ubwana bwa Diooge bwanyuze mu buruhukiro - mu mujyi wabo, amakimbirane yahoraga atangwa hagati y'umucamanza n'amatsinda neza. Kubera ikibazo cya leta, Gikeyi yatangiye kupimisha ibiceri, ariko umuringa wafashwe vuba na politiki. Diogène, na bo bagiye gufata no guhana, bashoboye gutoroka mu mujyi. Kuzerera rero umusore, cyamujyanye muri delphi.
Muri Delphi, Diogen unaniwe kandi unaniwe yahindukiriye Oracle yaho hamwe nikibazo cyicyo gukora ubutaha. Igisubizo, nk'uko byari byari byitezwe, byari igihu: "gusohoka mu gusubiramo indangagaciro n'ibyingenzi." Muri ako kanya, Diogen ntiyumva aya magambo, ntabwo rero yabahaye ibisobanuro aragenda azerera.
Filozofiya
Umuhanda wayoboye Diogen muri Atenayi, aho yagonganye na filsopher irwanya inzoka. Ntabwo bizwi uburyo abamushakanye bakoze, ariko antisteni yakubise Diyogen ikuzimu yubugingo, na Diogen yateje kumva ko adakunda muri antistefoni. Noneho Diogen ahitamo kuguma muri Atenayi kugirango abe umunyeshuri wa filozofiya.
Dioogen nta mafaranga yari afite (akurikije amakuru amwe, yibye Manenes ye, hamwe na Diogen yageze muri Atenayi), bityo agura inzu cyangwa byibuze akodesha icyumba ntashobora kugura. Ariko ntibyabaye ikibazo cya filozofiya kizaza: Diogène yari yuzuye iruhande rw'urusengero rwa Tzibel (hafi ya Atenian Agora - Square Hagati) Pypos - Abagereki benshi b'ibumba, aho Abagereki bagumije ( verisiyo ya firigo ya kera). Muri barride (pyfos) maze itangira kubaho, byatangaga nk'ishingiro ry'imvugo "Diogen Barrel".
Ntukemere ako kanya, ariko Diogene yashoboye kuba umunyeshuri wa antisteni - umuhanga mu bya filozofiya ugeze mu za bukuru ntiyashoboraga gukuraho umunyeshuri uhuza nubwo afashijwe no gukubita inkoni. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uyu munyeshuri yari icyubahiro Kinism nkumukino wa filozofiya ya kera.
Ku mutima wa filozofiya ya Diogen irasahura, kwanga inyungu zose za kamere, ndetse no kwigana ibidukikije. Diogen ntabwo yamenye leta, abanyapolitiki, amadini n'abayobozi b'amadini (ECO bavugana n'ijambo rya delphian), kandi yifata nk'imwe ry'ikigo - umuturage w'isi.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa mwarimu, Diogène yabaye mubi cyane, abaturage bo mu mujyi bizeraga ko yakozwe ku mutima n'ubwenge, nkuko batabimenyekana n'ibintu bisanzwe. Birazwi ko Diogen yishora kumugaragaro kwikinisha, byaba byiza, niba inzara ishobora kuzimya, guhagarara hafi yinda.
Mu kiganiro na Alexandre wa filozofiya ya Makedoniya yiyitaga imbwa, ariko, Diogen rero yiyise mbere. Umunsi umwe, abaturage benshi bamujugunye nk'imbwa, amagufwa kandi bashaka kunezeza nibble. Ariko, ntibashoboraga guhanura ibisubizo - nk'imbwa, Diogen yirukanye adahari n'abakoze ibyaha, abasaba.
Hano haribintu bitagenda neza. Diogen abonye umurashi, Diogen yicaye hafi y'intego, avuga ko ibyo ari ahantu hizewe. Yambaye ubusa yahagaze munsi y'imvura. Igihe abatuye umujyi bagerageje kuyobora Diogen munsi ya kanseri, Platon yavuze ko bidafite agaciro: ubufasha bwiza bw'ubusa bwa Diogène bwagaragara mu kutagaragara mu kutamukoraho.
Inkuru yo kutumvikana hagati ya Platon na Diogène imaze gushimisha, ariko Diogène imaze gusabwa rwose gutanga neza uwo bahanganye - ibi ni ko bimeze ku muntu wa Photoni n'inkoko. Mubindi bihe byose, intsinzi yagumye inyuma ya platon. Abahanga muri iki gihe bakurikiza ibitekerezo ko umusaza wo muri Sinep yagiriye ishyari abo muhanganye neza.
Birazwi kandi ku makimbirane n'abandi bafilozofe, harimo na anaximek lamnsak na Aristipp. Mu guhagarika amato hamwe nabanywanyi, Diogen yakomeje kubona kandi agasubiza ibibazo byabantu. Umwe muri filozofiya ya CUMIN yahaye izina indi mvugo y'amababa - "itara rya diogen". Umuhanga mu bya filozofiya yagiye nyuma ya saa sita afite itara ku kibanza, gutangaza ati: "Ndashaka umuntu."
Rero, yagaragaje imyifatire ku bantu. Ibyerekeye abatuye Diogen ya Atene bakunze gusubiza. Umunsi umwe, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya yatangiye gutanga ikiganiro ku isoko, ariko nta muntu wigeze amutega amatwi. Hanyuma arangirira inyoni, abantu bahita bateranira iruhande rwe.
Diogen yagize ati: "Uru ni urwego rwawe rw'iterambere." Igihe navugaga ibintu by'ubwenge, naranyirengagije, ariko igihe nihanganiye isake, abantu bose babonye inyungu. "Igihe amakimbirane ya gisirikare y'Abagereki yatangiraga n'Umwami wa Makedoniya ku wa kabiri, Diogen yasize Atenayi, amaze kuva mu bwato yerekeza ku nkombe za Evina. Ariko, ntibyashobokaga kugerayo - icyombo cyafashwe na Pirate, kandi abari kuri yo bose bishwe cyangwa bafashwe.
Kuva mu bunyage, Diogen yoherejwe ku isoko ry'abacakara, aho Korinti ya Korinti yamubonye kugira ngo filozofiya yigisha abana be. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko umwarimu wa Diyogen yari meza - usibye kugenda, guta imyambaro, filozofiya yigishije abana ba Kayini yo kurya no kwambara mu buryo bworoheje n'ubuzima.
Abanyeshuri n'utuzira batanze umuhanga mu muhanga mu kumucungura mu bucakara, ariko aranga, avuga ko bivugwa ko no mu bucakara ashobora kuba "Bwana Bwana". Mubyukuri, Diogen yishimiye igisenge hejuru yumutwe no kumirire isanzwe.
Filozofiya yapfuye ku ya 10 Kamena 323, igihe yari mu bucakara i Fseanidi. Nashyinguye diogen isura hasi - nkuko nabibajije. Ku mva ye, i Korinti yashyizeho imva ya Tros Marble n'amagambo yo gushimira abanyeshuri n'ibyifuzo by'icyubahiro cy'iteka. Muri Marble yakoze imbwa, ishushanya ubuzima bwa Diogen.
Diogen Alexander Makedoni yatangijwe n'imbwa igihe umwami wa Makedoniya yahisemo kumenyana na filozofe izwi cyane ya Marginal. Ku kibazo cya Alexandre: "Kuki imbwa?" Diogène yashubije gusa: "Ninde uzajugunya igice - Ndibaza utazareka - ako gace, kandi warababaje - iyo biti." Ku kibazo gisekeje ku bwoko bw'imbwa, umuhanga kandi yashubije kubyumva ubwenge ati: "Iyo abashonje ari Maltese (ni ukuvuga ubwitonzi), iyo bagaburiwe - imbabazi)."
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Diogen yahakanye umuryango na Leta, avuga ko abana n'abagore bahurizwa, kandi nta mbaraga ziri hagati y'ibihugu. Dushingiye kuri ibi, biragoye gushiraho abana ba banyabuzima ba filozofiya.Imirimo
Nk'uko bya Diogen Lanertsky, nyuma ye, umuhanga mu bya filozofiya ukomoka muri Sinilopa yasize imirimo 14 ya filozofiya n'amakuba 2 (muri bamwe aho umubare w'amakuba yiyongera kuri 7). Abenshi muribo bakomeje gushimira abandi banditsi na filozofiya bakoresheje ayo magambo no gupima Diogen.
Abantu bazigamye "kandi" ku byerekeye ubutunzi "," mu rupfu ", kandi ku rupfu", no ku mubare w'amakuba - "Hercules" na "Elena".
Amagambo
- "Ubukene ubwabwo butanga inzira muri filozofiya. Ibyo filozofiya igerageza kumvisha amagambo, ubukene buhatirwa gushyira mu bikorwa mu bikorwa. "
- "Filozofiya n'umutima byatumye umuntu abona umuntu ufite ubwenge bwinshi, akivuga kandi astrologiya - umusazi cyane, imiziririzo n'iyanduko ni byo bibabaje cyane."
- "Menyesha abanyacyubahiro nk'umuriro: ntugahagarare cyane, cyangwa kure cyane yabo."