Ubuzima
Imirimo y'uhagarariye imyaka ya silver imyaka Dmitry Mezozhkovsky iragoye cyane gusobanukirwa no kwiyumvisha. Uyu mwanditsi aramenyerewe kubasomyi ba kijyambere nkumuremyi wikinyamakuru gishya hamwe numwanditsi hamwe nibikorwa byinshi byamadini na filozofiya byibyanditswe. Mu bindi, uyu mugabo, hamwe na Sekibi hamwe na satani hamwe na satani hamwe na sani, Poetes Zinaha, Hippius, yari nyiranone, nimugoroba w'intangarugero Seney Yemerewe, Alexandre blok na Osip mandelstam.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Dmitry Sergeevich MeriaryKovsky yavutse ku ya 2 Kanama 1865 mu murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa - Paris. Se w'umwanditsi Sergei Ivanovich yari umuyobozi, naho nyina wa Varvara Vasilyevna yayoboye urugo maze akorana abana. Birazwi ko mumuryango wa Merezhkovsky wari abahungu batandatu nabakobwa batatu. Dmitry yari umuhererezi kandi ashyigikiwe umubano wa hafi n'umuvandimwe Kontantin, waje kuba umuhanga mu binyabuzima.
Ibintu mu nzu ya Merozhkovsky byari byoroshye: Imbonerahamwe ntiyigeze yegamiye mu ngogo, kubera ko umutware w'umuryango rero yari afite inzira y'abana mu biganiro rusange - ipikipiki no guharanira kwinezeza. Kureka ingendo zo mu biro, ababyeyi basize abana bita ku nkoko z'Abadage na Nanny Kera, mbere yuko habaho kuryama babwiraga imigani yo kutwumva ishingiye ku buzima bw'abatagatifu.
Mu bihe biri imbere, haza umwanzuro ko inkuru za Nianny ari zo zitera amadini y'abanyafana, mu kibanza cyambere cy'ubwato, cyagaragaye muri kamere y'Umuremyi w'Isi y'Umusiwe "Abana b'INGira". Nanone, uburyo bwo mu mwuka bw'umusizi nabwo bwagize uruhare mu kuba umwanditsi kuva akiri muto yakuruwe no kumva afite irungu, nyuma yaje kubona ikiganiro mu bitabo n'imirongo ye.
Mu 1876, Dmitry yinjiye muri Gymnasium ya gatatu ya kera ya St. Petersburg. Merezhkovsky-Sr., Washimishijwe cyane na prose n'imisigara, niwe wa mbere washima ko sambiri intsinzi y'umuyaga. Mu 1880, se, yifashisha inama n'inama ya Sofiya Andreevna, umupfakazi w'umusizi Alexei KonStantino, yatumye umuhungu we ayobora inzu yerekeza mu nzu, kugira ngo ashimire impano y'ubuvanganzo.
Nyuma muri "Autobiografiya Icyitonderwa" Dmitry Sergeevich azandika ko mugihe cyo gusoma akazi kahagaritse cyane. Dostoevsky, yumva umwanditsi ukiri muto kugeza imperuka, yavuze ko ibikoresho ari bibike kandi bifite intege nke cyane, no kwandika ibihangano, birakenewe kuzenguruka ikuzimu kandi tumenya imibabaro no kutumvikana.
Mu 1884, Dmitry yabaye umunyeshuri w'ishami ry'amateka na pfilologiya ya kaminuza ya St. Petersburg. Hano umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yashimishijwe na filozofiya y'isi, kandi yerekanaga ko ashishikajwe n'ubuvanganzo bw'Abafaransa. Mu 1888, Merozhkovsky yarwaniye umurimo urangirira ku wa filozofiya ya Renaissance ya Renaissance - Montithe, yarangije muri kaminuza maze ahitamo kwiha akazi k'ubuvanganzo.
Ubuvanganzo
Ingoma ry'ubuvanganzo bwa Mezozhkovsky byabaye mu 1880 mu kinyamakuru "amashusho meza". Hanyuma igisigo cyasohotse "TUKKA" na "Melody ya Autumn". Mu 1888, igisime cya mbere cya Merezhkovsky "Igisigo cya mbere cya Merezhkovsky" 1883-1887) "cyasohotse i 1892 - Ibimenyetso" (indirimbo n'ibisigo "ku mpamvu zo kugabanuka no gushya Inzira z'ivanganzo zigezweho zo mu Burusiya ".
1899 Yabaye kuri Dmitry Sergeevich Rotary. Umwanditsi mu mirimo arushaho gukoresha ibibazo by'amadini, maze nyuma yimyaka ibiri, muri 1901, ZININAIDa Hippius yatanze igitekerezo cya Merere'kovsky cyo gukora igitekerezo cya filozofiya no mu idini, aho ubwenge bushobora kuganira kubibazo byihutirwa.
Icyamamare cyo gutambuka cyaturutse mu tutubayo bya mbere z'Abaroma "Kristo na Antikristo": "Urupfu rw'imana. Imana ya Julian "," imana yazutse (Leonardo Da Vinci) "na" antikristo Petero na Alexey ".
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1906, Dmitry Sergeevich yagiye mu Bufaransa hamwe n'umugore we. Aho niho byasohotse hamwe n'umugore we na filozofiya ya Dmitry umurimo "Umwami na Revolution". I Paris, umusizi na we yatangiye gukora kuri tratulog ku nsanganyamatsiko y'amateka y'Uburusiya ya XVIII-XIX "mu bwami bw'inyamaswa."
Mu 1908, igice cya mbere cy'iyi nkutu cyasohotse - Pawulo I, ni bwo umwanditsi yashyizwe muri gereza, igice cya kabiri cya Alexandre natangajwe nyuma yimyaka itanu mu 1913, naho icya gatatu "Ukuboza 14" - mu 1918.
Mu 1909, Bibliografiya y'umusizi yazuwe hamwe n'icyegeranyo cya kane cy'ibisigo byiswe "Inama y'Abasizi", kandi mu 1915, kandi izatangazwa: n'ubufasha bwa 191014 "hamwe n'ubuyobozi bw'ubuvanganzo" Babiri amabanga yubusigo bwu Burusiya: Nekrasov na Tyutchev ".
Ibikorwa bizwi cyane bya Dmitry Merozhkovsksksksk 20-30: "Kuvuka imana" (izina rya kabiri "Twilight yimana"), "Meslant yiburengerazuba:" Atlantis-Uburayi "," Yesu Ntazwi "," Francis Assisi "na" Dante ".
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ishyaka rya mbere rikomeye rya Merezhkovsky ni umukobwa w'umubwiriza wo mu Igazete yo mu majyaruguru. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1885, umwanditsi yakoraga urugendo afite amahitamo umuryango mu Bufaransa no mu Busuwisi, ariko iyi nkuru y'urukundo ntiyigeze iganisha ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
Muri Mutarama 1889, Merezhkovsky yashakanye na ZININAIIU HIPPIUS, Proetess uzaza n'umwanditsi, mugenzi we w'ibitekerezo hamwe n'inshuti ye n'icyitso cyo gushaka mu mwuka no guhanga. Ubumwe bwa Merezhkovsky na Hippiyo nicyo gihe cyambere cyo guhanga mumateka yumuco wu Burusiya wa "Ikinyejana cya Silver".
Abo mu gihe cyavuze ko abakundana, kuba batandukanye rwose, ntibatandukanye. Irazwi cyane, nyuma yo guhera urubyiruko rwatangiye guhura buri munsi muri parike, kandi izo nama zabaye incognito. Ubudahuje buri gihe ikiganiro cya ZININAIDA na Dmitry basutse mu mpaka zishyushye, zikaba zaratoranije imitima yabo ya mathesic.
Hippiyo Mbere yo Kurambagizana na Dmitry yakunze guhabwa gushaka, ariko umukobwa ukiri muto wuje umudendezo yahise asubiza ko yanze. Hamwe na Merezhkovsky BYOSE byari bitandukanye. Abanditsi ntibari bafite ibi bisobanuro byubupfu byurukundo, batihanganiye Sekibi ku Mwuka, kandi umunsi umwe bahisemo ko bazamurwa mu mutima batagirana, batangira kubana.
Ku ya 8 Mutarama 1889, umuhango w'ubukwe wabereye i Tiflis. Umunsi w'ubukwe abashakanye ntibabibonye. Nyuma yo gusubira mu rugo, buri wese muri bo yagiye ku kazi: Merozhkovsky - muri Prose, na Hypius - mu mivugo. Nyuma myinshi mu bisobanuro bya Poetess byamusabye ko ari byiza cyane ku buryo atigeze yibukwa bukeye bwaho ku munsi wakurikiyeho ko yashakanye.
Izwi cyane ku buryo nta mibanire yimbitse hagati y'abashakanye. Ihame, umuturage ntiyashishikajwe n'ibyishimo bya kamere, na Meriazhkovsky, azi ku mugore w'imyitwarire, amujyana n'ibyiza byose n'ibidukikije. Zinaide yakunze kwitirirwa ibitabo kuruhande, ariko Merozhkovsky ntabwo yicaye inyuma yuwo mwashakanye. Byari reaction ya Hippius ku byishimisha umugabo we bita gutongana ubu buri bumwe bwapfiriyemo.
Urukozaso munini mumuryango rwateje umubano wa Merezhkovsky hamwe nintangarugero ya Elena - Umufana muremure wumwanditsi. Mu ntangiriro za 19 Mata 1901, umukobwa ukiri muto yaje i St. Petersburg, umusizi agahinda umuhanga mu buryo butunguranye hamwe na admirer. Mu mpera za Nyakanga 1902, inzerugero zaje kongera kubashakanye: ku buryo bw'umwihariko - gutanga ubufasha bwibikoresho ku kinyamakuru "inzira nshya", mubyukuri - kubwimpamvu zurukundo. Ubwanyuma, Hippius hamwe nudukoni twashyize nyirabuja munzu.
Mu 1905, umuryango wa Merezhkovsky wabaye hafi ya filozofiya ya leta. Abanditsi hamwe baremewe kandi babana. Mu maso ya sosiyete, "Ubumwe butatu" bw'abanditsi bwari hejuru yubusambanyi. Abantu bamaganwaho imiti, bavuga ko iyi myitwarire yabashakanye yamusuzuguye mbere ya byose.
Inkongo za Morrayidiya zibagiwe ko poetess, hamwe n'abafilozofe duto, ntibashoboraga kugira ubushyuhe bukabije, kuko umuturage ari icyerekezo gisanzwe, kandi kuva ku gitekerezo kidacogora, kandi kuva ku gitekerezo kimwe kijyanye no guhuza umubiri n'umugore we "yahindutse imbere."
Kubera iyo mpamvu, abashakanye bahagaritse umudendezo wuzuye wurukundo, batambiye uruhande rwe rwumva. Kugeza igihe cyo kurangiza inzira y'ubuzima, Dmitry na Zikinaida bumvise ubumwe bwuzuye n'ubwenge, ariko urukundo rw'imvururu ntirugeze rukigenda, bityo urukundo rwa HOPPOKO na MerozHovsky bahorana amarangamutima mashya kuruhande.
Urupfu
Merezhkovsky yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye ku ya 9 Ukuboza 1941 avuye ahava amaraso mu bwonko. Nyuma y'iminsi itatu, umusizi yabereye mu itorero rya orotodogisi ya Mutagatifu Alexander Nevsky. Nashyinguye Umuremyi w '"imana" mu irimbi ry'Ikirusiya rya St. Geneviev de Boua.
Birazwi ko abantu babiri bonyine bitabiriye umuhango w'icyunamo, kandi urwibutso rw'imva rwashyizwe ku mafranga yakusanyirijwe n'ababwiriza b'Abafaransa.
Bibliografiya
- 1895 - "Knight kumeneka"
- 1895 - "Sair Yera"
- 1895 - "Kuva Anatoli Ubufaransa"
- 1895 - "Urupfu rw'imana. Julian Abahakanyi "
- 1896 - "Urukundo rukomeye kuruta urupfu"
- 1896 - "Urukundo Science"
- 1897 - "Impeta y'icyuma"
- 1897 - "Guhindura"
- 1897 - "Ikinyejana cya Florentine XV
- 1901 - "imana zazutse. Leonardo Da Vinci "
- 1904-1905 - "Antikristo. Peter na Alexey
- 1908 - "Pavel I"
- 1911-1913 - "Alexandre I"
- 1918 - "14 Ukuboza"