Ubuzima
Urukundo, kwihisha mu nzozi, gukunda, ariko ntigushobora gukora ibyiza. Byihuse, Vodious, Fritlous Umunebwe. Kutamenya guhitamo no gukora ibidukikije, byoroshye guhindura. Kamere gake, ndetse no gutunga intebe ya leta, ihuriweho nibiranga nkibi bivuguruzanya. Ukurikije abo mu gihe n'abahanga mu by'amateka, ubuzima bw'Umwamikazi ukomeye Anna Leopovna ni urugero rutaziguye.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Anna Leopoldovna, nee Elizabeth Catarina Kristina, Princess Mecklenburg-Schwerinskaya, yavutse mu ubukwe Petero I, Ekaterina Yohana na Duke Karl Leopold Mecklenburg-Schwerinsky. Byabaye mu 1718 mu mujyi wa Rostock w'Ubudage. Umukobwa yabatijwe mu kwizera kwamaporo. Rodini mu muganwa yari uzwi: Umusonga w'Uburusiya Anna Ioannovna yamushyigikiye nyirasenge, ku murongo wa Se muri bene wabo, yihutiye kuva aho abantu n'abatware n'ibikomangoma bihutira.
Ubuzima bwo mu muryango n'ababyeyi ba Elizabeti, abantu bafite amashuri atandukanye, bashakanye, ariko basubirana n'umwana mu ntebe iteye ubwoba, Anna Ioannovna mu gihe cy'ubwami, Anna Ioannovna mu gihe cy'ubwami, Anna Ioannovna mu gihe cy'ubwami, Anna Ioannovna mu gihe cy'ubwami yakuyeho umukobwa wa nyina atangira kurera umurage w'intebe ye y'Uburusiya. Abarezi bashyizweho, abakozi n'abarimu, muri bo ni umupfakazi na Arkiyepiskopi rusange, bitwaga amarangamutima muri orotodogisi, bahinduka nyirane, batanze izina Ana, batazi iyo nkuru.
Anna yari umusaruro usanzwe wuburezi bwa salon. Umukobwa ukiri muto ntabwo yashimishijwe nibikorwa bya leta, akazi hamwe ninyandiko zinaniwe. Sinigeze mbona umurimo uwo ari wo wose, harimo no mu mutwe, nkaho nagurutse mu bicu, ariko utumirwa neza. Anna Ioannovna nyuma yatangiye kubona muri Anna Leopoldna, aho ariho havutseho havutseho, aho umuragwa ukwiye ukura.
Politiki
Inama ya Anna Leopoldovna ntiyamenyekana no guhindura impinduramatwara yisi yose, bitandukanye nabandi bategetsi ba leta. Kuba wageze ku butegetsi, duchess ya grand duches yatumye ubuzima budafite ishingiro. Amasomo akunda yakomeje gusoma ibitabo by'Ubufaransa n'imikino y'amakarita, imyidagaduro n'inshuti magara Julia Mengden. Kugaragaza icyifuzo cyo gucunga Leta ntabwo yakoze igikorwa gikomeye, ndetse no ku bijyanye n'umunywanyi w'ingenzi - Elizabeth Petrovna, ayo yishyuye vuba.
Politiki y'imbere ya Anna Leopoldovna ahanini ahangayikishijwe cyane n'iburanisha, imari n'inganda. Kuraho ijambo rya bureucrative, igihe usuzumye ibirego mu mirimo y'Inama y'Ubutegetsi na Sena, byagize uruhare runini. Sena yatangaje ko Sena na Sinodi yo mu cyemezo n'ubushake bwa Sovieti. Kwitondera bishushanyije kutinda ibibazo, ingamba zafashwe kugirango zibagerweho. Gukomatanya kw'imari, amafaranga yinjira n'amafaranga arasubirwamo, aba nyuma baragabanutse.
Mu rwego rw'ubucuruzi n'inganda, Amasezerano yo guhomba n'amabwiriza y'inganda z'igicu kandi zashongeshejwe ziratangazwa. Yashizeho amasaha y'isaha 15 y'akazi, amafaranga make yinjiza, ibitaro by'abakozi birakinguye. Umuganwakazi yatangaga impano kubidukikije, abarangirije ibirarane mububiko. Yasohoye amabwiriza yo kugenga ibiciro by'ibiribwa no gutanga imijyi idakoreshwa mu miterere y'inzara.
Ivugurura ryakozwe na sisitemu yo gucunga. Inama y'Abaminisitiri, iyobowe na Cound Andrei Osterman, hamwe na Anna Leopovna, yabaye Jenerali Mujene na nyuma yo Kubara Buderman Christopher Mini yibanze ku ntoki. Inzego zaho zari zigomba kuba zaramenyeshejwe buri gihe.
Ariko, ntabwo ari imbere, kandi Politiki yo hanze yagaruwe nubwenge bwa guverinoma. Osterman yateje imbere inyigisho ya mbere yo mu Burusiya. Giherereye mu kigo cy'imirwano y'amato ya Baltique. Amasezerano yo gucuruza yasojwe na Holland no mu Bwongereza. Yavuganye na polisi igenzura abanyamahanga. Ibikorwa by'abadipolomate byateje iterabwoba na Turukiya n'Abaperesi.
Ariko icyarimwe, Segaba yananiwe gukoresha nabi intsinzi ya Wilmanstrade muri Finlande. Nubwo uwo mwashakanye yavaga muri Otirishiya yavuye muri Otirishiya, isanduku y'Uburusiya hamwe n'iki gihugu ntiyigeze yifuzwa i Prussiya, no mu Bufaransa. Aba nyuma baje guhatira Suwede gutangaza intambara y'Uburusiya, wasoze imbaraga z'umusimbura wa Elizabeth. Icyakora, amasezerano y'ubumwe bw'Uburusiya-Prussian bwarangiye, batahuye n'ibyiringiro bimuhiriwe.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Anna Ioannovna ntabwo yari afite abana kandi yakuweho kugirango abone ishyano, kugirango akemure ikibazo nintebe. Kuva ku rutonde rw'abakandida, kumenyekana bakururaga igikomangoma cya Anton Ulrich Breeunschweig-Lüneburg. Anna Leopoldovna ntabwo yigeze yibagirwa ibyiyumvo bikomeye kuri Otirishiya, kubera ko byari bishimishije kubara Charles Moritz Liarn, mwiza, utandukanye cyane n'umugabo uzaza.
Umuganwakazi yashyizwe mu rugo, agabarikana cyane itumanaho iryo ari ryo ryose. Ubukwe bwabereye mu 1739, kandi mu mwaka umuhungu yavukiye i Anna, n'umwamikazi, amaherezo, yasohotse na Manifeste, aho Umuryango mukuru w'igikomangoma yatangajwe na samir w'igihugu cy'Uburusiya .
Umwana muto yakeneraga umurinzi, nyina kavukire muri iyi hypostasis ntiyasuzumwe. Imbere y'urupfu rwa Anna Ioannovna yashyizeho umugezi wa Biren Biron ya Ernst Johann. Yahise yinjira mu buryohe bwo gutunga imbaraga. Bironi yemeye gutuka Anton Ulrich, abangamira urugomo Anna Leopoldna. Kurengera umuryango, kubara mini barahaguruka, afata ibyemezo bya politiki.
Ubuyobozi bwa Biron burabyutse n'ababyeyi b'umwami muto, ntabwo bagombaga kwitwara mu gikari no mu gisirikare, bityo ikamara ukwezi gusa. Mu Gushyingo 1740, regent yarafashwe yoherezwa mu ntara ya Tobolsk.
Muri Nyakanga 1741, Anna yibarutse umukobwa Catherine. Guverinoma mu bana bakurikiyeho yatanze amazina rusange.
Opala
Guhaha Guhaha byari ibintu bisanzwe mubihe bisanzwe byo gushiraho uburusiya. Anna yakiriye imbaraga mu buryo nk'ubwo, arabura. Ku ya 25 Ugushyingo, 1741, imigezi ya Ambasaderi w'Ubufaransa wa Shetardi n'Intumwa ya Suwede nolken yari afite umusaruro - habaye ubutegetsi, ashishikarizwa ku ntebe y'ubwami bwa Petrovna. Umuryango wa Anna Leopoldovna wafashwe kandi ugamije kohereza kuri Riga.
Ariko rero, umutware wahiritse, umugabo we n'abana be (Elizabeti, Alexey na Peter bavukiye mu murongo) bagiye mu karere k'igihe kirekire kugeza basigaye ko bagiye mu karere k'akarere k'akarere ka kijyambere, muri Khlemogors.
Imfura ya Yohana yararambuye, yamaze imyaka irenga makumyabiri yamaze igifungo muri gereza y'ibanga no mu gihome rwihishwa, maze mu 1764 aricwa.
Iherezo ry'abana basigaye nazo zateye imbere mu kigero: Amaze imyaka 40 afunzwe no mu myaka ya 1780 yoherejwe muri Danimarike, nubwo bakiriye urumogi rw'umuntu mu Burusiya. Umukobwa wa Catherine kubera igikomere yakuze yibasiwe no mu mutwe, ariko akabaho igihe kirekire kuruta uko ari byose. Elizabeti yatakaje ubwenge nyuma yo gutandukana na mugenzi we mukundwa. Kwibohoza kwa Petero na AlexeI ntibyazanye umunezero, byapfuye, ntibiva ku rubyaro.
Urupfu
Impamvu y'urupfu rwa Anna Leopoldovna mu 1746 yari minisiteri y'ibanda. Umugezi Elizaveta Petrovna yakiriye ku byerekeye umuvandimwe wateye imbere neza: Umurambo wajyanywe ishyingurwa n'icyubahiro mu rusengero rwa Blagoshchensk ya Alexanderketk Lavra.Kwibuka
Gushushanya:
- 1746 - "Anna Leopoldovna". Louis Karavak
- "Anna John na Anna Leopoldovna gutembera" (Umwanditsi utazwi)
- Hagati ya 1733 na 1739. - "Umuganwakazi Anna Leopovdovna". A. Matveyev
- 1736 - "Umuganwari ukomeye Anna Leopoldovna". I. Vekhind
- 1741-1746 - "Portrait ya Anna Leopoldna mu myambarire ya orange." I. VishNyakov
Ubuvanganzo
- 2001 - "IBITARO CY'UMUGAMBE W'UBUKURUZI MU KAREYA KETSIYE.". E. Volkov
- 2012 - "Anna Leopoldna". I. Kurukin