Ubuzima
Umwe mu banditsi bazwi cyane ku Bwami bw'Ubudage bwikinyejana cya makumyabiri ni Erich Maria. Adamu, ayo magambo yahindutse adapfa, yagereranyaga "igisekuru cyatakaye" - igihe cya cumi n'umunani hashaje abasore bakiri bato bahamagaye imbere, kandi bahatiwe kwica. Iki gihe cyaje kuba intego nyamukuru nigitekerezo cyo gukora umwanditsi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Erich Maria Remoko yavutse ku ya 22 Kamena 1898 mu mujyi wa Osnabruck (Ingoma y'Ubudage). Se w'umwanditsi yakoraga afite impinduramatwara, bityo inzu y'abaturage batangaza ko yahoraga yuzuyemo ibitabo byinshi. Kuva akiri muto, erich na erich yashimishijwe nubuvanganzo. Cyane cyane umuhanga akurura umurimo wa Fyodor Dostoevsky, Johann Goethe na Marseille.
Kuva mu bizima bw'ubwenge bw'ubuvanganzo, buzwi ko nkiri umwana, OMMARK yanakundaga gushushanya, yakundaga gushushanya, gukusanya ibinyugunyugu, amabuye n'ibirango. Hamwe na se wimibanire yararambuye kubera ibitekerezo bitandukanye mubuzima. Erich yahinduye imyaka cumi n'icyenda, umubyeyi yapfuye azize kanseri, uwo mwanditsi yahoraga asusurutse, yizera itumanaho.
Erich Maria yiganye mu Ishuri ryitorero, amaherezo umusore yinjiye muri seminari gatolika. Noneho yakurikiranye imyaka yo kwiga mumaseminari yumwami. Ngaho umwanditsi yabaye umwe mu bagize uruziga rw'ubuvanganzo, aho yasanze inshuti ndetse n'abantu bakunda.
Mu 1916, amagambo yagiye imbere. Umwaka umwe, yakiriye ibikomere bitanu kandi yari mu bitaro bye byose. Amaze gusubira mu mpande kavukire mu nzu ya se Erichi ibikoresho bya Erichi ibikoresho, aho yakoraga umuziki, arashushanya. Hano niho ko mu 1920 umurimo we wa mbere waremewe - "inzozi zubuhungiro".
Umwaka wose, Erich yigishije mwishuri ryaho, ariko nyuma yanga uyu mwuga. Umwanditsi yahinduye akazi kenshi mbere yuko atangira kubona yanditse. Mu bihe bitandukanye, yakoraga nk'umucungamari, umurezi, umurinzi ndetse ndetse acuruza amabuye y'agaciro.
Mu 1922, amagambo yavuye kuri Osnabruck ajya i Hannover. Agezeyo, yatuye mu kinyamakuru "echo ku mugabane wa Afurika", arimo kwandika amagambo amezi menshi, ibyanditswe bya piraen n'ingingo zitandukanye.
Birazwi ko Erich nayo yacapishijwe mubindi binyamakuru. Kora rero mu gitabo "Siporo ka bild" zakinguye umuryango w'isi y'ubuvanganzo. Mu 1925, umunyamakuru wigishije yagiye i Berlin kugira ngo abe umwanditsi w'ibinyamakuru by'iki kinyamakuru.
Mu 1926, kimwe mu kimwe mu binyamakuru cyasohoye ibitabo "kuva mu bihe by'ubusore" n '"umugore ufite amaso ya zahabu." Iyi yari intangiriro yuburyo bwo guhanga. Kuva aho ntiyahagaritse kwandika, kurema ibihanga bishya.
Ubuvanganzo
Mu 1928, igitabo "gihagarara kuri horizon" cyasohotse. Dukurikije inshuti y'umwanditsi, cyari igitabo kivuga ku byiciro byo mu cyiciro cya mbere n'abagore beza. Nyuma yumwaka, urumuri rwabonye igitabo "hejuru yiburengerazuba nta mpinduka." Tarikishe muri yasobanuye amahano yose n'abagome b'intambara binyuze mumaso yumusore wimyaka cumi n'icyenda.
Akazi yimuriwe mu ndimi mirongo itatu n'itandatu, yahawe inshuro mirongo ine. Mu Budage, igitabo cyakoze kopi miliyoni (miliyoni imwe iherereye yarenze umwaka). Mu myaka ya za 1930, akazi kakuweho na firime.
1931 yararanzwe no kwinjira mu mucyo w'Abasegiye "Garuka", mvuga ubuzima bw'abanyeshuri ejo ejo bagarutse bava mu ntambara. Nyuma yimyaka itanu, igitabo "Amaherezo" kigaragara ku bubiko. Byasohotse kuri Danemarke n'Icyongereza.
Mu 1938, aya magambo yatangiye gukora ku murimo w '"urukundo rwayo" rwe ", warangiye mu 1939. Hanyuma ikinyamakuru cyo kugonga cyatangiye gucapa ibyabaye umwanditsi.
Muri Gicurasi 1946, igitabo "Ikinyoni Cluaupuupul" cyasohotse mu kidage cyasohotse mu kidage, ndetse no hagati mu cyi, kivuga mu mpeshyi, kivuga ko kivuga ku murimo wa "ikibatsi cy'ubuzima". Umwaka ukurikira, premiere ya firime nshya yakozwe mu nkuru "kurundi ruhande" (Ishusho yitwa "Urundi rukundo").
Ba 1950 babaye umwaka wo kurengana umubano na Natasha (umukara) nyuma yimyaka icumi yinama zihoraho, gutongana nubwiyunge. Muri icyo gihe kimwe, akazi katangiye ku gitabo "Igihugu cyasezeranaga" ("igicucu muri paradizo") na "Obelisk yirabura".
Mu 1954, igitabo cyo kurwanya intambara "igihe cyo kubaho nigihe cyo gupfa" cyarasohotse, mu 1959, umurimo wa "ubuzima", maze mu 1962, igitabo gitandukanye cy ' Lisbon "yagaragaye ku bubiko.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1925, amagambo yageze kuri Berlin. Ngaho mu Ntara nziza, umukobwa wumwamamaji wikinyamakuru cyizuba yarakundanye, aho yakoraga ahandi. Nibyo, ababyeyi b'umukobwa byabujije ubukwe bwabo, nubwo umwanditsi yakiriye umwanditsi w'ikibanza mu gitabo.
Bidatinze, Erich yashakanye n'umubyinnyi Ilzeat ya Zampon, ubukwe bwabayeho imyaka ine. Bolshaya, umukobwa unanutse yabaye prototype y'intwari ebyiri z'ubuvanganzo, harimo na pat kuva kuri "bagenzi batatu".
Hanyuma umunyamakuru wa metropolitan yitwaye nkaho ashaka kwibagirwa vuba ibyahise bye: yambaye neza, yambaye monocle, akenshi yasunitse ibitaramo, amashanyarazi, resitora yimyambarire, ndetse yaguze akadomo ka karoni kuri Aristocrat 500.
Muri Mutarama 1933, berekeje Eva ya Adolf Hitler ku butegetsi, inshuti y'ibitekerezo yagiriye inama umwanditsi vuba bishoboka kuva mu mujyi. Erich yahise yicara mu modoka, ni iki, cyagiye mu Busuwisi. Muri Gicurasi, muri uwo mwaka, Abanazi bahemukiye igitabo "ku burengerazuba bw'imbere nta mpinduka" n'imigenzo rusange, kandi umwanditsi we yambuwe ubwenegihugu bw'Ubudage.
Mu 1938, umwanditsi yakoze igikorwa cyiza. Kugira ngo mfashe uyu mugore wawe, kuva mu Budage kandi umuhe amahirwe yo gutura mu Busuwisi, yongeye gufatanya ubukwe bwahagaritswe mu myaka ya za 1957.
Umugore w'ingenzi mu buzima bw'umwanditsi yabaye firime izwi cyane Marlene Dietrich, aribwo prototype ya heroine ya arvel "triupuuphal" - Joan Mada. Isano y'ubwimenyi, yavuye mu Budage kandi kuva mu 1930, yafashwe neza muri Amerika. Duhereye ku mico yemewe muri rusange, Marlene ntiyari yaramuritse.
Igitabo cyabo cyababajwe cyane n'umwanditsi. Mu Bufaransa, Marlene yageze n'umukobwa w'umwangavu, umugabo na nyirabuja n'uwo mwashakanye. Bavuze ko umukinnyi wa filime isanzwe, uvugako yajugunye Puma, cohahabu na bo bombi. Mu maso y'Ibitekerezo, yari afite kandi isano n'umukire mukuru wa lesbiyani muri Amerika.
Kubera ubusazi bwe, Erich yari yiteguye kubabarira umuhanzi, atangira ubuzima kurupapuro rwera. Igihe umuhanga mu buvanganzo asabye Marlene kumurongora, umugore yabwiye umusozi wa Kavalera ku bijyanye no gukuramo inda. Se w'umwana yari umukinnyi Jimmy Stewart, abo bakunda umudendezo-bakunda umudendezo yafashwe amashusho muri filime "Dandy yongeye mu ndogobe."
Iyo Fetrich yamenye ko amagambo ajyanwa ateranishwa gushushanya muri Amerika (harimo n'imirimo 22 y'umurima wa Cenne), Marlene yifuzaga kubona byibuze ishusho imwe. Nyuma yo gutotezwa kutabarika, amagambo yari afite umwuka uhagije wo gusubiza afite kwanga.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko muri Hollywood umwanditsi atigeze yumva agateran. Amafaranga ye yari indashyikirwa. Yishimiraga gutsinda hamwe nabakinnyi bazwi, barimo Greta uzwi cyane Greta. Nibyo, ubwiza bubi bwa firime bwa firime bukaze. Abantu basaga naho ari ibinyoma kandi bakamutsa.
Hanyuma, kunyeganyeza na Marlene, yimukira i New York. Hano muri 1945 Archhal Arch yararangiye. Kubera ko yatangira ku rupfu rwa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki wa mushiki we atangira gukora mu gitabo cy '"ikibatsi cy'ubuzima" cyeguriwe kwibuka. Nigitabo cya mbere kijyanye nibyo we ubwe atigeze agira - kubyerekeye inkangu ya Nazi.
Mu 1951, i New York, umwanditsi yahuye n'indege y'umwaka, icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 40. Abakurambere be bo mu bwato bava mu bahinzi b'Abanyamerika, abimukira baturutse mu Bwongereza, naho se wabo yari Abayahudi.
Mu 1957, amagambo yatananye na Uyutta, akishyura ibihumbi 25 anashyiraho ibintu byose bya $ 800 buri kwezi. Umwaka utaha amagambo na Goddar yemeye isano.
Urupfu
Wibuke kumara impeta ebyiri zanyuma ziguruka i Roma. Mu ci ryo mu myaka ya za 70, umwanditsi yongeye kwanga umutima, maze ashyirwa mu bitaro byabereye. Ngaho, umwanditsi yapfuye ku ya 25 Nzeri uwo mwaka. Imva y'Umuremyi w'akazi ka "Ikibatsi cy'ubuzima" iherereye ku irimbi rya Ronco.
Birazwi ko ku munsi gushyingura uwahoze ari umugore wohereje uwahoze ari uwuhoze ari uwumvikanye, ariko Goddar ntiyayishyize ku isanduku.
Nyuma yimyaka 5 yambere nyuma y'urupfu rw'umugabo we, indege yashyizeho umwete mu bibazo bye, ibitabo bye, ashyira ikiganza. Mu 1975, yararembye cyane. Ikibyimba mu gituza cyakuweho cyane (hari imbavu nyinshi), kandi umugore yarabyimbye.
Umwanditsi ukunzwe yabayeho indi myaka 15, ariko iyi yari imyaka ibabaje. Indege yabaye idasanzwe, azwi kandi yafashe imiti myinshi. Mu gihe cyo gutabara ataha, umudamu yatanze miliyoni 20 z'amadolari. Kaminuza ya New York, hanyuma itangira kugurisha icyegeranyo cyibitekerezo byegeranijwe namagambo.
Bizwi kandi ko uwahoze ari umugore wa Charles Chaplin inshuro nyinshi kwiyahura. Nyir'inzu i New York, aho yakuyeho inzu, ntiyashakaga gufata amacumbi asimbura asaba kujya mu Busuwisi.
Ku ya 23 Mata 1990, indege zasabye kuyiha igitabo cya Kataloge aho imitako ye yagurishijwe kuri uyu munsi. Igurisha ryazanye miliyoni 1 z'amadolari, n'amasaha 3 nyuma yo guhabwa impamyabumenyi, umukinnyi wa filime yarapfuye. Nashyinguye ingororano ya Nominee Oscar iruhande rw'umugabo we mu irimbi ry'Ubusuwisi Ronko.
Bibliografiya
- 1920 - "Inzozi zuzuye"
- 1924 - "IJETA"
- 1927 - "Sitasiyo kuri Horizon"
- 1929 - "Kuregwa Iburengerazuba nta mpinduka"
- 1931 - "Garuka"
- 1936 - "Yamazaki"
- 1941 - "Kunda umuturanyi wawe"
- 1945 - "Triupul Arch
- 1952 - "Ikibatsi cy'ubuzima"
- 1954 - "Igihe cyo Kubaho no gupfa"
- 1956 - "Obelisk Umukara"
- 1959 - "Inguzanyo Yubuzima"
- 1962 - "Ijoro muri Lisbonne"