Ubuzima
George Byron numusizi wicyongereza, izina rye ryitwa icyerekezo cyose mubuvanganzo bwisi. Ibikorwa by'imivugo, kwiheba byuzuye kubera ubugome n'inshinga by'isi, intego z'urukundo no kurota ku byiza byerekeye byiza, byashimishije ntabwo umutima umwe w'iyicarubozo.
Kubabara no kubabaza urukundo rwa Bairon ntabwo bitwaza: Uyu mugabo rwose yabonaga cyane isi nyayo kandi ahangayikishijwe no kudatungana ubuzima nabantu. Ariko, ntabwo abantu bose bazi ko hiyongereyeho kubabazwa ryibinyabuzima byumwuka, na George Bairon kandi yuzuyemo ibibyimba byubuzima bwa buri munsi no mumubiri.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
George Gordon Byron yavukiye i Londres ku ya 22 Mutarama 1788. Umuryango wumusizi uzaza, nubwo ubumenyi, bwari bubi. Nyina wumuhungu aba umugore wa kabiri wa nyagasani Byrona Sr. George akimara imyaka itatu, nkuko se yapfaga, asize umugore we afite umwana mu maboko kandi mubyukuri nta mibereho.
Umugore ufite umwana yasubiye mu mutungo wa sext nshya Abby, munsi ya Nottingham, nyuma yarazwe na byni. Ubuzima bwo mu kigo ntabwo bwari bwami: inyubako ishaje yarasenyutse, ahora yibutsa ibipimo ngenderwaho. Mama wa George yaje gusezerera kubera ingorane zihoraho kandi ahora areka Umwana we, kubara bitari byiza.
Byongeye kandi, Bayron yarababajwe kubera chrozulpe yavukiriye, akenshi yabaye ingingo y'urungano. Umuhungu yari ahangayikishijwe n'uwo munsi wa mbere yasabye cyane umuganga wumuryango kugabanuka cyane. Twasetse mu musizi uzaza kandi kubera uburemere - buzwi ko mu myaka 17 George yapimaga 102. Muri icyo gihe, gukura k'umusore byari metero 1.72 gusa.
Ibintu nkibi byagize ingaruka kumiterere ya Bairon ukiri muto, yahindutse ingimbi ifunze kandi yibasinga, wumvaga mu isahani ye wenyine, wenyine hamwe nibitabo hamwe ninzozi ze. Nibyiyumvo - byegeranye, nta gutesha agaciro kubandi - Bayron azarangiza umugozi utukura mu mirimo yose.
Uburezi bwambere George yinjiye murugo, gukora umwarimu uje. Mu bihe biri imbere, Bayron yiganye mu ishuri ryigenga rya Davich. Mu 1801, George yinjiye mu nzego z'ishuri rifunze ry'abanyeshuri bafunzwe mu mujyi wa Harrow, nyuma yimyaka ine yinjira muri kaminuza y'Ubutatu muri kaminuza ya Cambridge. Birazwi ko ubushakashatsi bwahawe umusore Bayron bigoye, ariko inyungu mubitabo byavutse kuva nkiri muto.
Ubuvanganzo
Igitabo cya mbere cya Baironi, cyitwa "Ibisigo Mu gihe," byasohotse mu 1806. Umwaka umwe, umusizi wacapishije ikindi cyegeranyo cyibisigo - "isaha yo kwidagadura". Bitandukanye nubuzima bwa buri munsi, guhanga byemewe Bairon kumva ko wizeye imbaraga zabo. Ariko, abaturage bahise bitwaraga umusizi mushya, bamaze gukora inyandiko yanditswe na Byron kubitabo bya kabiri. Umusizi ntabwo yitiranya kandi yeguriwe kunegura satike saire "impenga z'icyongereza n'indorerezi za Ecottish", byacitse intege cyane kubera amagambo akora ubwabo.
Mu 1809, umusizi yahatiwe kuva mu bwami bwe na Kavukire. Ikigaragara ni uko, igihe yari umunyeshuri, Bayron yari yarabaswe nimikino yikarita n'inzoga. Biroroshye gukeka ko ibyifuzo nkibi byahoraga bitwara ibintu byinshi mu ngengo yimari ya George Bairon. Yarangije kuba umusizi yahisemo guhunga gusa uwatanze inguzanyo n'abatanga abatakaje kwihangana.
Hamwe n'inshuti ye John Hobhaus Byron yagiye mu rugendo. Inshuti zabonaga Ubugereki, Espanye, Porutugali n'ibindi bihugu. Igisubizo nyamukuru cyurugendo cyari igisigo "palombia umwana wa stal". Ibi ni inkuru yurukundo yumugenzi, wanyuze mu gutenguha kwisi yose akarokoka ibishushanyo byuzuye byisi. Birumvikana ko intwari nyamukuru yumuvugo aricyo kwerekana umwanditsi, ibyiyumvo bye nabantu.
Ibice bibiri byambere byumwana-Harold byasohotse mu 1812 kandi bahitana umusizi ibyamamare ninyungu zabaturage. Imyaka ibiri yakurikiyeho na Bayron yakoraga ku buryo bita ibisigo by'ibisigo by'iburasirazuba - "Lara", "Umugeni", "Umugeni" ati: "Gyur". " Iyi mirimo nayo yataye urukundo rwabasomyi kandi irasubirwamo cyane.
Mu 1816, George Byron yavuye mu Bwongereza amaherezo. Muri iki gihe, umusizi yashoboye kurekura igice cya gatatu cyumwana Harold hamwe nigisigo icumi, ariko no gutandukana numugore we, kubona ishyari ryuzuye kandi bikatera ishyari kubantu bose bitwaje umusizi, ariko ntibageze kuri icyubahiro cya Baironi.
Mama wa George Bairon yamaze kuva muri icyo gihe. Kubwibyo, umusizi yashoboye kugurisha bucece imitungo rusange ya sext nshya, imwemerera mugihe gito yibagirwa ibibazo byumubiri. Byron yatuye mu mudugudu utuje, aho rimwe na rimwe watoranijwe ku buroko hirya no hino.
Nyuma yigihe gito, umusizi yongeye kugenda, iki gihe muri Venise. Uyu mujyi usaba Baironi cyane kuburyo yanditse ibisigo byinshi byeguriwe Venise. Hano yarangije indirimbo ya kane yumwana Harold, kandi mu 1818 atangira kwandika igisigo cyitwa Don Juan, nyuma yihamagarwa no kunganura nyuma yitwa ibyiza mu murimo wa Nyagasani Baironi. Uyu murimo urimo indirimbo 16.
Mu gihe ugereranije na Don Juan, Bayron yakomeje gukora ku mwana - Harold, kandi yandika igisigo cya Mazepa n'ibisigo byinshi. Muri rusange, iki gihe, cyahuriranye nubuzima bwa Byron hamwe numubano numugore we yakundaga, byabaye umusaruro mwinshi muburyo bwo guhanga.
Kubwamahirwe, "Don Juan", yatekerejwe nka Almanac runaka yindirimbo 50, yagumye atarangiye. Abasomyi ntibari bazi uko ingendo n'ibitekerezo by'Abayahudi byongewe byayoboye, kuko urugendo rw'ubuzima bw'Umwami Bayron ubwe yaje kurangira.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwihariye bwumusizi no mubuzima, hanyuma urupfu rukikijwe nibitekerezo, gukabya no kubihuha. Ariko, ndetse nibihe bizwi ko bizwi, bikagufasha gucira urubanza Umwami Baironi nkumukino wintwari uhagije mubijyanye nibibazo byumutima, kimwe numuntu usuzugura imyitwarire imanikwa.
Birazwi ko incamake mushikiwabo wa Kanama (Umukobwa wa Se wo mubukwe bwa mbere) yabaye amahitamo yambere yumusizi. Umwaka umwe, mu 1814, Bayron yatanze icyifuzo kuri Anna yakundaga cyane Anabelle Milbank. Uyu mukobwa ntabwo yemeye kurongora umusizi, ariko yishimiye kuvugana na George mumabaruwa. Umwaka umwe, Bayron yahisemo kongera kubaza amaboko n'imitima ya Anna nziza. Iki gihe, umukobwa yemeye iyi nteruro, aba umugore wa mbere wumusizi.
Nyuma yigihe gito, uwo mwashakanye yahaye Bayrona Pennez - umukobwa wa ikuzimu. Kubwamahirwe, mugihe umubano wumubiri wari umaze gucana ku kashe. Nyuma y'amezi make, Anna Milbank afata umwana asubira mu nzu y'ababyeyi. Umugore yasobanuye icyemezo cye afite ubuhemu bwumugabo we ningeso ze zidasanzwe, kimwe nubukene buhoraho nubusinzi bwa Baironi.
Mu ngeso zidasanzwe, Anna yasobanuye ko umugabo we abahuje igitsina, muri icyo gihe Ubwongereza ahanwa n'urupfu. Ako kanya nyuma yo kugenda umugore we, Lord Byron ava mu gihugu, agenda mu rugendo.
Birashimishije kubona umukobwa wa Byrona ikuzimu yitwa promomer yambere kwisi. Biratangaje kubona isomo nk'iryo ryakwegereye umugore w'icyo gihe, ariko ikigaragara ni uko, ikuzimu (wafashe izina ry'umugabo we) yari gahunda ya mbere yo kubara imashini ibarwa na Charles Babird.
Mu 1817, Baironi yari afite ikibazo gito hamwe n'umukobwa witwa Claire Claire Clairemt, mushiki wa Mariya Shelley. Claire yerekanye umusizi umukobwa wa kabiri. Umukobwa yahamagariye Allegre yapfuye azize imyaka itanu.
1819 yahaye Baironi Umubano mushya wishimye rwose kumusizi. Guhitamo George byabaye Teresa guichchii. Mu gihe cyo gukundana na Byron, umugore yarashatse, ariko bidatinze atandukana n'uwo bashakanye atangira kubaho ku musizi, atatinya igitekerezo rusange. Igihe cyakoreshejwe na Teresa cyera kuri Baironi mubijyanye no guhanga. Kugeza kugenda mu Bugereki, umusizi azabana numukunzi.
Urupfu
Mu 1824, George Byron yagiye mu Bugereki kugira ngo ashyigikire imyigaragambyo, yateguwe ku ngoma ya Turukiya. Umusizi wabaga mu kigo na mpumuzi hamwe n'inyeshyamba. Ibintu nkibi ntibyatinze kugira ingaruka kubuzima bwa Bairon. Umusizi yatoye umuriro uteye ubwoba maze nyuma y'iminsi mike, 19 Mata 1924, yarapfuye.
Abaganga bakinguye umubiri wumusizi. Birazwi ko zimwe mu mibiri yafashwe icyemezo cyo kwishimira no kugenda mu itorero ryaho, byarakozwe. Ariko, bidatinze ibyo biroki byibwe. Umurambo wa Nyagasani Baironi woherejwe mu gihugu cy'umusizi maze ahambwa hafi y'imitungo ya sext nshya, wari ugeze mu muryango we.
Hano ku musizi 4 ku musizi ku isi: babiri muri bo baherereye mu Butaliyani, umwe mu Bugereki n'imwe - mu nzu ndangamurage ya Danemark. Ahari buri mufana wimivugo ya Bayron arashaka gufata ifoto kuruhande rwibigaragaza amabuye yumusizi ukunda.
Bibliografiya
- 1806 - "Ibisigo Mu gihe"
- 1813 - "Giaur"
- 1813 - "Umugeni wa Abidos"
- 1814 - "Corsair"
- 1814 - "Lara"
- 1818 - "Urugendo rwabana Harold"
- 1819-1824 - "Don Juan"
- 1819 - "MAZEPA"
- 1821 - "Kayini"
- 1821 - "Ijuru n'isi"
- 1822 - "Werner, cyangwa Umurage"
- 1823 - "Imyaka ya Bronze"
- 1823 - "Ikirwa, cyangwa Abakristo na bagenzi be"