Ubuzima
Verpe verdi (izina ryuzuye - Giuseppe Fortino France francesco verdi) - Umuhigi ukomeye wumutaliyani. Imirimo ye ya muzika ni "ubutunzi" bwamategeko yisi. Kurema Verdi - Indunduro yiterambere rya Operatian opera yo mu kinyejana cya 19. Murakoze, Opera yabaye we ubu.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Giuseppe Verdi yavukiye mu mudugudu muto wa Le Roncole, hafi y'umujyi wa Buseseto. Muri ako kanya, iri gace ni iy'Ubwami bwa mbere bw'Ubufaransa. Rero, mu nyandiko zemewe ni igihugu cyo kuvuka mu Bufaransa. Yavutse ku ya 10 Ukwakira 1813 mu muryango w'abahinzi. Se Carlo Giuseppe Verdi yarimo resitora yaho. Nyina wa Luigi Uttini yakoraga na Priya.
Gukunda umuziki umuhungu yerekanye mu bwana, niko ababyeyi bamuhaye umugongo - igikoresho cyingenzi, kimwe na kanseti. Bidatinze, atangira kwiga ibaruwa ya muzika no kwiga umukino ku rugingo rwo mu itorero ry'Umudugudu. Umwarimu wa mbere yari padiri Pitro Baystrokki.
Kumyaka 11, Giseppe ntoya yatangiye gusohoza inshingano z'umurinzi. Yamaze kubona umucuruzi w'umunyamijyi Antonio Bareti, yasabye gufasha umuhungu kubona uburere bwiza bw'umuziki. Ubwa mbere, Verda yimukiye mu nzu ya bareti, umugabo wamwishyuye umwarimu mwiza, nyuma ahembwa kandi yiga juseppe i Milan.
Muri kiriya gihe, Verdi yashimishijwe n'ubuvanganzo. Ibyifuzo bitanga imirimo ya kera ya Dante, Shakespeare, Schiller, Goethe.
Umuziki
Ageze i Milan, aragerageza kwinjira muri conservatori, ariko ahita ahabwa kwanga. Ntabwo ifatwa kubera urwego rudahagije rwumukino kuri piyano. Nibyo, n'imyaka, icyo gihe yari amaze imyaka 18 afite imyaka 18, yarenze iyakiriwe. Birashimishije kubona ubu ni konserwatori ya Milan yitwa Giuseppe Verdi.
Ariko umusore ntabwo yihebye, ashyikiriza umwarimu wihariye yiga urufatiro rwo guhuza. Yasuye ibikorwa bya Opera, ibitaramo bya orchestre zitandukanye, bivugana na bombe zaho. Muri iki gihe, atangira gutekereza ku kuba uwahimbye Theatre.
Nyuma yo gusubira muri Bouseto Antonto Antonio Bareti yateguye ijambo ryambere kumusore mubuzima bwe, bwakozwe nuwahuzwe. Nyuma yibyo, Bareti yasabye Giuseppe kuba umwarimu kumukobwa we Margarita. Bidatinze, habaye impuhwe hagati y'urubyiruko, kandi bari bafite igitabo.
Mu ntangiriro, umwuga wa Verdi wanditse imirimo mito: urugendo, urukundo. Amagambo ya mbere yari Opera, kubara di San Bonifacio, washyikirijwe Milane Viewer kuri La Scala THEATER. Nyuma yo gutsinda cyane hamwe na Giuseppe Verdi, amasezerano yashyizweho umukono kugirango yandike izindi nama ebyiri. Mu gihe ntarengwa, yaremye "Umwami ku isaha" na "Nabucco".
Umusaruro w '"Umwami w'isaha" wakiriwe nabi n'abareba kandi birananirana, no muri Nabucco, impstario, impstario ya theatre ibanza yanze na gato. Pretiere ye aracyabaye, nubwo nyuma yimyaka ibiri. Kandi iyi opera yari ifite intsinzi itumva.
Kuri Verdi, ninde nyuma yo kunanirwa kw '"umwami isaha imwe" kandi gutakaza umugore we n'abana be bagiye kuva mu murima wa muzika, Nabucco yabaye ikirahure cy'umwuka mwiza. Izina ryabatimukira ryatsinze ryashinze imizi inyuma ye. Ati: "Nabucco" y'umwaka yashyizwe mu teteri inshuro 65, by the way, ntabwo igera ku isi.
Iki gihe muri Verdi kirashobora kurangwa nkigitera cyo guhanga. Nyuma ya Opera nabucco, uwahimbye yanditse andi manza make, nayo yahuriye neza n'abareba - "Lombard mu gikuto" na "Ernani". Nyuma, ibyatangajwe na Paris "Lombard" byashyizwe i Paris, ariko, kugirango iyi jordi yagombaga kugira icyo ahindura muburyo bwumwimerere. Mbere na mbere, yasimbuye intwari z'Ubutaliyani mu Gifaransa, no mu cya kabiri - Opera yanditse muri "Yerusalemu".
Ariko kimwe mu bikorwa bizwi cyane Verda byabaye Opera Rigoletto. Yanditswe ashingiye ku rukiniro rwa Fhogo "King." Uwatsindiye ubwe afatwa nk'iyi mirimo n'ibyaremwe bye byiza. Abareba mu Burusiya bamenyereye Rigoletto ku ndirimbo "umutima w'ubwiza ukunda ubuhemu." Opera yashyizeho inshuro ibihumbi mumatsinda atandukanye yisi. Aria yintwari nkuru, ingwate Rigoletto, yakoreye DTORRER HVOROSTOVSKY, PLACIdo Domingo, Muslim Magayev.
Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, Verdi yaranditse ati "Travia" kumurimo wa "Madamu ufite Kamellia" Alexander Duma Jr.
Mu 1871, Giuseppe Verdi yakiriye itegeko rya Misiri. Yasabwe kwandika opera inzu ya Cairo. Premiere ya Opera "Aida" yabaye ku ya 24 Ukuboza 1871 kandi yagenwe yo gufungura umuyoboro wa Suez. Marsh uzwi cyane AACARA - "Triupuump Marsh".
Umuhimbyi yanditse operas 26 na requiem. Muri iyo myaka, amakinamico ya OPRA yitabiriye ibice byose bya societe, nisingracy hamwe nabakene. Kubwibyo, Abataliyani verdi verdi neza batekereza "kubantu" uhimbye "abantu". Yaremye umuziki nk'uwo abantu bo mu Butaliyani boroheje bumvise ibyababayeho n'ibyiringiro byabo. Mu bikorwa bya Verdi, abantu bumvise umuhamagaro wo kurwanya akarengane.
Birashimishije kubona hamwe na "durwa" nyamukuru richard wagner Gichard Verdi yavutse mumwaka umwe. Guhanga ibihimbano biratontomera, ariko mubyukuri abibona abavugurura ba opera. Birumvikana ko abahimbyi baburanishijwe, ariko ntibigeze bahura. Ariko, mubikorwa byabo byumuziki, bageragezaga igice.
Kubyerekeye ubuzima nakazi ka Giuseppe Verdi byanditswemo ibitabo ndetse no gufatanya filime. Umukinnyi uzwi cyane muri firime ni mini-serivise Renato castellini "ubuzima verdi", yagiye muri ecran mu 1982.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1836, Giuseppe Verdi yashakanye n'umukobwa we w'umugiranye Margarita Bareti. Bidatinze, umukobwa yibarutse umukobwa wa Virijiya Maria Louise, ariko mu gice cy'umukobwa w'imyaka y'umwaka arapfa. Muri uwo mwaka, ukwezi mbere, Margarita yibarutse umuhungu ICYLIO Romano, na we apfa akiri muto. Umwaka umwe, Margarita ukomoka muri Encephalis yapfuye.
Saverdi yagumye wenyine: Yasigaye hamwe n'abana n'uwo bashakanye. Akuraho icumbi hafi y'itorero rya Santa Sabina, biragoye kurokoka iki gihombo. Igihe kimwe, yahisemo guhagarika kwandika umuziki.
Mu myaka 35, Giuseppe Verdie yakunze. Umukunzi we yari umuririmbyi wubutaliyani juseppin streptoni. Mu myaka 10, babaga mubyitwa "abasivili", byateje imyumvire mibi cyane muri societe. Abashakanye bashyingiwe mu 1859 i Geneve. Kandi kuva mu ndimi mbi, abashakanye bahisemo kwihisha umujyi - kuri Villa Sant Agata. By the way, umushinga w'inzu washyizweho na Verdi ubwe, ntabwo yifuzaga kwitabaza ubufasha bw'abubatsi.
Inzu yari isanzwe. Ariko ubusitani buzengurutse villa bwari bwiza: ahantu hose indabyo n'ibiti bidasanzwe. Ikigaragara ni uko verdi umwanya wubusa yakundaga kwitangira guhinga. By the way, muri ubu busitani, uwahimbye yashyinguye imbwa ye yakundaga, asiga umwanditsi w'imva ati: "Urwibutso ku ncuti yanjye."
JunesPPIn yabaye uwahimbye Muse Muse kandi ashyigikiye mubuzima. Mu 1845, umuririmbyi ubura ijwi, kandi ihitamo kurangiza umwuga wa Opera. Nyuma yimpfizi, yahisemo gukora na Verdi, icyo gihe uwahimbye asanzwe aba umukire kandi azwi. Ariko uwo mwashakanye yemeza umugabo we gukomeza umwuga we wa muzika, naho nyuma ya "kwita" igihangano cya Opera cyashyizweho - Rigoletto. JuSEPPIM kugeza apfuye mu 1897 ashyigikiwe kandi yahumetswe na Verdi.
Urupfu
Ku ya 21 Mutarama 1901, Giuseppe Verdi yari i Milan. Muri hoteri ye, yari afite ubwonko, uwahimbye, ariko akomeza gusoma muri Porogaramu ya Tosca na "Bohemia", "peak Umudamu" witwaje Peak "yakomeje kuba utabizi. Buri munsi ingabo zasize umuhimbyi ukomeye, maze ku ya 27 Mutarama 1901 ntiyabikoze.
Yashyinguye igihimbano kinini mu irimbi rya MUNIVER i Milan. Ariko nyuma yukwezi, umurambo we wasubitswe ku butaka bw'ikiruhuko kubanyagihugu-abacuranzi, icyarimwe bashizeho uwahimbye.
Akazi
- 1839 - "Wober, Kubara Di San Bonifacio"
- 1940 - "UMWAMI YUMUKUNDI"
- 1845 - "Zhanna d'Ark"
- 1846 - "ATTICTI"
- 1847 - Macbeth
- 1851 - Rigoletto
- 1853 - "Trubadur"
- 1853 - "Travia"
- 1859 - "Umupira wa masquerade"
- 1861 - "Imbaraga z'iherezo"
- 1867 - "Don Carlos"
- 1870 - "AID"
- 1874 - Requiem
- 1886 - "Othello"
- 1893 - Falstaff