Ubuzima
Umugore w'umunyabwenge kandi ufite intego wazamuye imigozi y'igice cya kabiri cy'Uburayi bwo mu Burayi bwo Hagati, uhagarariye ibihano bya Medisi, mwene wabo ndetse n'iki gihe cya Ekanderina izwi cyane Ekaterina Medisi. Umugore w'umwami w'Ubufaransa Heinrich IV Bourbon Navarre, Mama na Redronepress kandi batambo ry'icyongereza n'Abapasipa ni Mariya Medisi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umwamikazi w'ejo hazaza wavutse ku ya 26 Mata 1575 muri Florence. Data - Umukunzi wa Duke Tuscan Francesco ubanza. Mama - Yohana, Duchess Otirishiya, mu nzu ya Habsburg. Mugihe cyo kuvuka, Mariya, umwana wa gatandatu mumuryango, yari azima bane: umuvandimwe na bashiki bacu batatu. Mama yapfuye igihe Mariya yari afite imyaka itanu gusa. Indimi mbi zikekwaho uburozi.
Nyuma y'amezi abiri, umupfakazi yashakanye na nyirabuja muremure wa Bianke Kapperlo, abantu bita umupfumu. Padderites ntabwo yihanganiye mama. Igihe Mariya yari afite imyaka 9, umuvandimwe Philip na Mukuru mukuru Anna barapfuye. Mushiki wa Eleyanoni yakoraga mu mitungo ye mishya, asohoka arongora Duke ya Mantuansky. Mu 1587, kuri 47, se yarapfuye. Ijambo "arsenic" ryumvikana muri peres.
Imigani ikungahaye kuri biografiya ya Medici ivuga ko inshuro eshatu mucyumba cye i Palazzo Pitti. Ingoro ubwe yari inyeganyezwaga n'umutingito - ibirori bidasanzwe muri Tuscany. Mu rugendo muri Pisa, umukobwa hafi yarohamye.
Mfite imyaka 12, umukobwa wigunze ukikijwe nabantu b'abandi. Inshuti magara ya ndoocract yonyine ihinduka leonor ye Dori Galigai, urengeje Maria imyaka itanu. Abakiri bato bistocracy babona uburezi gakondo mugihe cyo hagati. Iga gitari yumukino na lute, ushishikajwe nubumenyi karemano.
Umugeni uhenze yicaye mu bakobwa igihe kinini - kugeza ku myaka 25, nubwo hari nyirarume wa nyirarume yateguye inyungu nyinshi ku muryango wa Medisi. Yanze inshuro ebyiri umukwe, akwiriye, ariko si abami. Impamvu yo kunanirwa kwari uguhanura iyo ngabo, umubikira ukomoka muri Siena. Mariya agenewe kuba umwamikazi, nuko umutware no kubara ntabwo ari uwaye.
Umwamikazi w'Ubufaransa
Kuva mu 1572, Umwami w'Ubufaransa yashakanye na Varir ya Barrindar ya Barrika, ariko ntabwo ari hafi yayo. Heinrich akundana na Gaburiyeli D'Ergé, atamubuza gutangira abunti nyinshi. Gutandukana muri ibyo bihe ndetse n'umuryango ukize kandi ufite ubwenge ni ugoye, birebire kandi bihenze, ariko mu 1599 henrich iv yakira kuri papa wa Clement y'Abaroma viii mu bashakanye.
Igipfu gitunguranye Gaburiyeli D'Estra akurura ubwitonzi bw'umwami kuri mwene Ferdinand Medici, duke mukuru wa Tuscan. Ubufaransa bwafashe umubare munini wa Medici by Medici, Heinrich akeneye amafaranga y'intambara, arwanya opposition. Ferdinand Natanze kuri Maria inkwano nini, umugeni yazanywe nabami be b'abami b'Ubufaransa - hafi yuzuye imyenda.
Mu Kwakira 1600, ubukwe bwa porokisi bwabereye mu ngoro ya Piti. Uruhare rw'umukwe wabuze rwakozwe n'umukwe wa nyirarume, twakoze umuhango wa karidinali Pietro Aldrobrandini. Mu bashyitsi bari mu birori bitabiriwe na Rubens ukiri muto, nyuma yo kwandika uruziga rw'ibishushanyo, byerekana ibintu by'ingenzi muri biografiya ya Mariya.
Umugeni agenda mu Bufaransa, hanyuma akava i Marseille yerekeza i Lyon, aho ibirori bivuga ku munsi w'ubukwe bwa cyami bwatangiriye ako kanya akihagera. Ku ya 27 Nzeri 1601, Umwamikazi ukiri muto yibarutse umuhungu w'umuhungu we, sairi ku ntebe y'Ubufaransa. Muri icyo gihe, nyirabuja wa Henry, Anritta d'ain, na we yibarutse umwami umuhungu. Ubuzima bwurukiko bwuzuye amarushanwa, amayeri kandi arwana imbaraga nimbaraga.
Maria agirira ishyari uwo bashakanye kuri nyirabuja n'abataye. Ikikijwe na "Umutaliyani Kanda", umugabo wa Leonora yerekeje, Konchini Konchini. Muri 1610, Henrich akenshi arwaye, afite imyaka 57, umwami yijimye kandi atinya urupfu rwa mbere. Kujya kurwana n'abaporotesitanti mu bihugu by'Abadage, byahisemo kwambika ikamba uwo mwashakanye. Umwami atangaza ubushake bwe: Ku rupfu rwe, umwamikazi azakomeza kugengwa na Louis w'imyaka icyenda.
Ku ya 13 Gicurasi 1610 muri Saint-Denis, Maria ararangwa. Henry yitaye ku ndwara zishobora guteza akaga n'ingaruka z'ubukangurambaga bwa gisirikare bwagaragaye ku mbaraga. Umunsi umwe nyuma yo kwizihiza, ku ya 14 Gicurasi 1610, Umwami apfa azize Dagger Ragger. Gukeka ubufatanyacyaha, waguye ku byo umwamikazi, ntiyagaragaye cyangwa ngo avugururwe.
Imyaka ine regen maria yashyigikiye ibirori byugari kandi bya Espagne. Abafatanyabikorwa nyamukuru mu nkiko hari abambasaderi ba Espanye na Roma. Ku bw'Umurimo wizerwa wa Mamakazi-Mama, umunyacyubahiro muto w'imperuka wariyongereye kandi mu 1614 yitwa MARquis d'ankr.
N'igihe Louis XIII yakuze, ishyaka rya nyina ryakomeje kugira uruhare mu rukiko, maze Maria ategeka Inama Njyanama. Mu 16117, umwami ukiri muto yarimbuye iherezo n'amaboko ya Zahabu Albert de Luin. Leonora Galigai yashinjwaga ubupfumu no koherezwa ku kugwa. Umwamikazi Mama yajyanywe muri Blois. Muri Gashyantare 1619, Maria Benhal muri Angouleme, azana umuhungu we. Mu 1621, inama ya Leta yongeye gushyirwaho.
Kugira ngo ashimangire imbaraga, yafashije umujyanama we RICHEEU kwakira ingofero ya karididise no gufata umwanya wa Minisitiri w'intebe w'Ubufaransa. Cardinal yahindutse umuntu ukomeye kuruta Medici, kandi ahita asunika umugwaneza kuva ku micungire ya leta. Minisitiri yasobanukiwe ko umunywanyi nyamukuru w'Ubufaransa ku isi Arena ni Espagne Habbburgs. Hamwe na prosiki ya POSC, Umwamikazi yaguye muri opal.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu myaka icumi y'ubuzima hamwe na Heinrich, Maria yabaye nyina w'abana batandatu, batanu muri bo barahaguruka neza.
- 1601 - Louis. Umwami uzaza w'Ubufaransa Louis XIII.
- 1602 - Isabella. Nyuma yaho, muka Filipo IV habbburg, umwami wa Espanye na Porutugali.
- 1606 - Christina Maria. Nashakanye na Viktor Amadeya I, duke wa Savorovsky, warambitse umutuzo, ahubwo ni izina ridafite akamaro k'Umwami Kupuro na Yeruzalemu.
- 1607 - Nicolas, yapfuye mu 1611.
- 1608 - Gaston, umutware orleans na Anjui, Charther na graf.
- 1609 - Henrietta Maria. Nabaye umugore wa Karl I stewart, umwami w'Ubwongereza, Scotland na Irilande, nyuma - Mama Charles II na Yakov ii.
Maria yahisemo imyidagaduro idahwitse: kurasa hirya no hino, imitwe, ikinamico. Yafashe pariki yo murugo, akina amakarita. Yakoresheje amafaranga menshi kuri diyama. Gushushanya ingoro ya Luxembourg, aho batuye, yategetse Petero isabu yandika imyenda 22 nini.
Urupfu
Muri Nyakanga 1631, batinya ubuzima bwo gushaka ubuzima, Maria Medico yahunze Paris na Buruseli. Diyama yose yagumye mu Bufaransa. Mu 1638, bahunga ibitotezo bya minisitiri, bimukiye mu Bwongereza, hanyuma i Amsterdam. Ku ya 3 Nyakanga 1642 yapfiriye mu nzu ya Rubens muri Cologne. Umuhanzi ukize mu cyubahiro yafashe umuntu, ariko Abanyacyubahiro bamenyereye ukuguru gucukumburwa hasigaye inyemezabuguzi y'amadoviye.
Aba biopistery Mary Medic bavuga ku rukundo akunda igipamba, akomeza kuri we kugeza ku iherezo ry'ubuzima bwe kandi yigisha amatungo Arman du Pleb Richelieu. Ariko, Cardinal yarokotse amezi atandatu gusa, umuhungu afite umwaka. Umurambo umaze igihe kinini ari imihango yose yo muri Cologne, kugirango ushyingure n'icyubahiro gikwiye muri Saint-Denis. Louis XIII yapfuye nyuma y'iminsi 20 umukungugu w'umwamikazi-nyina wibanze mu butaka bwiyeguriye Imana.
Kwibuka
- 1615-1631 - Ingoro ya Luxembourg
- 1616 - Cours La Reine Parike
- 1622-1625 - Ubuvuzi bwa Medici i Louvre
- 1980 - Filime "Ubufatanye Mary Medici"
- 2016 - Urukurikirane "Medici: Abami ba Florence"