Ubuzima
Landau Landau (Ku nshuti Nagize Daw) gusa - Ubuhanga bw'Abasoviyeti Byebera, uwatsinze icyogambo cya Nobel, ari mu bantu b'indashyikirwa mu kinyejana cya 20. Yakundaga byose - kuva kumiterere ya nucleus ya atomic mbere yuburere bwabana. Landau asigaranye byinshi ibyagezweho - ibi ni ibikorwa byinshi bya siyansi ya siyansi muri fiziki, hamwe na labeli ya labeli ya label, hamwe nigitekerezo kizwi cyibyishimo. Yanenze gahunda y'Abasoviyeti yo kubura umudendezo kandi icyarimwe akemura ingabo yirwanaho ya Leta.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Lew Danovich Lagawu yavutse ku ya 22 Mutarama 1908 i Baku, yabereye hano ubwato. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya makumyabiri, umujyi wateraga vuba, wacukuwe amavuta kandi asubirwamo, umurwa mukuru washora abakomoka kuri Nobel na Rothschild. Muyindi bimukira bakora imirimo bimuwe muri Mogilev n'ababyeyi b'umubiri w'ejo hazaza.
David Lvovich Labeau yakoreye ibiro bya peteroli mu kigo cy'inyanja cya Caspian-kirabura kandi akora imirimo ya siyansi kandi ashyira mu bikorwa mu kigero, byasohotse mu binyamakuru bya siyansi.
Urukundo rwa Veniaminovna Garkavi-Latuum (Nee Bluum-Cyrrh Garkavi) yarangije ikigo cy'ubuvuzi cy'abagore i St. Petersburg. Nubwo ubukwe no kubyara abana (intare yari afite mukuru wa Sofya), yakoraga nka muganga, yigisha kandi yiga Farmacology, akora ibikorwa rusange.
Ababyeyi bari abayahudi mu bwami, ku myaka ya 8, umuhungu yamenyesheje muri siporo y'Abayahudi, aho Mama yayobowe na siyanse kamere. I Baku, umujyi urwanya abaselicike wo mu Burusiya bwakozwe na Pre-Revolusiary wari ikigo cy'uburezi. Icyemezo cyo gukura umuhungu wakiriye mu myaka 12, nyuma yimyaka 2 yitangiye kwiga mumashuri makuru ya Baku.
Kugeza ku myaka 14, umwangavu ntabwo yari afite umwanya wo guhitamo guhitamo imibare na chimie, nuko yinjira mu mashami abiri ya kaminuza ako kanya. Muri iyi myaka, intambara yari muri Caucase. Ariko, intambara nubwicanyi kumuhanda ntabwo byarababaje Penau kwiga.
Mu 1924, umunyeshuri yahisemo fiziki y'ubuzima bwe kandi ahindurwa muri kaminuza ya Leningrad. I Leningrad, umusore yabaga muri nyirasenge Mary lvovna braud. Nyuma, ababyeyi b'umuhanga bimukiye nyuma.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu busore bwa kare, LandaU yizeraga ko uyu muhanga atagomba kunywa itabi, kunywa no gushaka. Icyakora, ukwemera mu gika cya nyuma cya Kharkivchachachanka Terentie Terentievna DRMBANSEV, wabaga hamwe no kwiga umuhanga mu rupfu. Abashakanye babanaga kuva 1934, kandi mbere yuko umwana avuka, biyandikishije gushyingirwa. Igor Lvovich Lantau (1946-2011) yagiye mu kirenge cya Data - yakoraga mu rwego rw'ubushyuhe buke bwa fiziki.Ubuzima bwihariye bwubwenge bwagabanijwemo igice gifatika nicyitegererezo. Landau yabonaga ko gushyingirwa k'ubumwe, bitajyanye no gukunda. Kugira ngo ukuyemo ibinyoma n'ishefu ry'ubuzima bw'umuryango, Dau na Cora Drogan'tseva binjiye mu masezerano yo gushyingirwa yihariye - "amasezerano yo kutishyura ubuzima bw'abashakanye." Amasezerano yasobanuye isano yubusa yabashakanye kandi ntiyabujije imibonano mpuzabitsina kuruhande.
Imyaka 12 tumaze kumenyana nibibabi mubuzima bwumuhanga, nyirabuja yatangiye kugaragara, ibyo yabwiye mubyukuri umugore we. Uwo mwashakanye, umubano nk'uwo n'uwo wakundaga watanzwe bigoye. Dukurikije ibishishwa, we na we yagerageje gutangiza amayeri ku ruhande, ariko ntiyabishobora.
Bikomoka ku buryo hari ibitabo bitanu byaka. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, umugore wenyine wari kumwe na Lvom Dawidi yagombaga kurangira ubuzima bwe, yaje kuba igishishwa cya Drobansev. Umubano wumugabo we numugore we nyuma yaho, witangiye firime ya documentaire "kuruta urukundo."
Amateur yo gupima no kubara no kubara, umuhanga ndetse nabantu bakoresheje uburyo bumwe. Yagabanyije abakobwa n'abahanga basohora bakurikije ibyiciro bye. Kurugero, igice gishimishije mudahuje igitsina, yagabanije ibyiza, byiza kandi bishimishije. Ibisigaye byashyizwe mu masomo "gucyaha kubabyeyi" na "kubera kwicwa."
Lew Danovich yazanye form ya bose mubyishimo, irimo impinduka eshatu zingenzi - akazi, urukundo n'itumanaho.
Ubwonko buranga bw'ubwo bwobashakashatsi bwazamuye Meme "inyito nyinshi." Amagambo amwe n'amwe yindirimbo ye "yinjiye mu bantu" ahinduka apite. Kurugero, ibitekerezo bye byo gukusanya byerekana muri make interuro:
"Niba udahaye umwana ku mwana no mu gitondo kugeza nijoro, ikintu cyo kumutirize, azakomeza kubabara n'ihatiraga ubuzima."Siyanse
Mu myaka 19, Lamoau iyobowe na Abhaha Fedorovich iomari yashyize urufatiro rw'ibitekerezo bya Melekanics. Fiyisizi zito zoherejwe i Burayi gukomeza amashuri. Ibiyobyabwenge byishyuwe igice cyumwaka gusa, amafaranga asigaye yatanze Fondasiyo ya RocKefeller kugirango ibyifuzo byumuntu BERA. Ku ifoto mu bice bya siyansi y'ibi bihe, urashobora kubona iterambere ryinshi ry'umusore ufite chapel yijimye n'amaso yaka, iyi ni Dau.
Hamwe na Borok, Umwigisha we wenyine (akurikije Dau ubwe), umusore yakoraga muri Copenhagen. Albert Einstein, Max wavukiye, Werner Geisenberg, Peter Kapitsa - abo bantu bose batanze amazina yabo mu bitabo bya fiziki, babaga kandi bakora icyarimwe. Nyuma yo gusuzuma abahanga mu Burayi ahantu hasanzwe, gukorana na bagenzi bacu bato, Landau asubira i Leningrad.
Ikigo cya tekiniki-tekiniki-tekiniki ihinduka hafi yinyenyeri ebyiri zisi zose zisi, kandi dow mu 1932 zisiga "ishuri ry'incuke rya IoFF" kandi rijya mu murwa mukuru wa Soviti - Kharkov. Ngaho, Lanau yashyizeho urufatiro rw'amahugurwa y'abahanga mu bigo bitatu. Umuhanga yiyise yise umuganga uheruka-isi yose.
Ihuriro ryibikorwa bye ryarangije ibintu byose bya Theoretical Physics, kuva hydrodynamike kugera kuri Quamée. Umuhanga amaze kwirukanwa mu ntangiriro za 1937, umuhanga mu kigo gishya cy'ikigo gishya cy'ikigo gishya cy'ikigo gitangaje.
Landou yashoboye kuba uregwa "Ufti", aho abo mukorana be bafashwe barasa. Ariko amaboko ya Nkvd yageze ku bakozi ba IFP. Mu 1938, Gendau yakoraga iperereza kubera imyitozo yo kurwanya Sovieti. Ibitekerezo bye byerekeranye na Fashisme muri USSR byatewe ninzego zibishinzwe nkumuhamagaro wo gutesha agaciro inyubako yubusosiyalisiti mugihugu.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, gufatwa byabereye ku mubiri mu buryo butunguranye. Byafashwe nijoro, birwaye cyane, n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Nyuma yaje kwibutsa umuhanga, ntabwo yahagarara muri gereza arenga, ariko ntiyigeze avuga iyicarubozo. Lew Dagovich yasohotse gusa ashimira gusa icyifuzo cya Niels Bora na gahunda ya Kaptwitsa. Gusana "umuhamya" gusa mu 1990.
Nyuma yo kwibohorana na Laveu hamwe n'umutwe we yinjiye mubikorwa bya siyansi. Yasezeranye n'ubushyuhe buke, birimo superconductivivivivivivivivite na super na super na supermelluitimanite. Uyu mugabo kandi yagize uruhare mu mushinga wa Atomic wo muri Soviet, kwiga intangiriro ya atome n'ubwoko bw'imirasire ya radiyo. Yize umwanya, plasma hamwe nibitekerezo bya shimi mubijyanye na fiziki yibice byibanze.
Landau yakusanyije abanyeshuri bafite impano, muri bo Alexander CombeneTeet, Evgeny Yuzuye, Alexey Apcos, Intare Gorki n'abandi baragaragara. Imyenda ya Leo Danovich yamwitaga abana, kandi abanyeshuri babo ni abuzukuru. Umunyeshuri usomo yabayeho urwego runaka rwo guhugura abanyeshuri. Abigishwa be basabwaga gutsinda ibizamini icyenda kuri theoretical byibuze.
Incamake ngufi yiyi mirimo yanditswe mu majwi hamwe na Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifeshitz Igitabo cya Firecs. Umubumbe wanyuma wigitabo wongeyeho kubanyeshuri ba Dow. Mu ci ryo mu 1941, IFP yimuwe muri Kazan. Abakozi bashinzwe kwiregura. Kugeza iki gihe harimo ingingo za Lamata, zeguriwe iturika ryatuje. Hamwe na Alexander KitGorodsky, igitabo "Electron". Ingufu za cosmos. Iyi ni verisiyo ya siyanse izwi cyane yandikiwe imbaga nini yabasomyi.
Urupfu
Ku ya 7 Mutarama 1962, Lanau yinjiye mu mpanuka y'imodoka maze yakira ibikomere byinshi. Iyi mpanuka yabereye ku muhanda wa Oblase Moscou - Dubna. Imodoka umunyeshuri wumunyeshuri yari inyuma yiziga, yihuta mugihe Kamaz yarenze Kamaz yakoze impanuka. Igihono gikomeye cyaguye ahantu hAlyavich yicaye.Umuhanga amezi 2 ntiyasize Yomari, ariko kubera imbaraga zumuryango wa siyansi warokotse. Muri icyo gihe, Nobel atanga ibihembo byo gutanga igihembo cyo kwiga imitungo ya Helium y'amazi. Umudari wumubare wa Nobel Igihembo cyumusanzu ugana siyanse, impamyabumenyi hamwe na cheque yahawe isabune mubitaro. Nyuma y'impanuka, umuhanga mu bya fiziki ntiyari agishoboye gukora, byibura buhoro buhoro kandi yagaruwe.
Ubuzima bwa Landoa bwashyigikiye itsinda ryose ry'abaganga bakeneye manipuke zikenewe hamwe n'umubiri w'umurwayi uzwi. Ariko, bark bastau mubwicanyi bararanze abaganga bamwe kuva ku bice bidasanzwe nkabadafite ubushobozi. Nyuma yibikorwa bikurikira, ibikoresho byumubiri binaniwe, no ku ya 1 Mata 1968, Lewi Dagovich yarapfuye. Impamvu y'urupfu rw'umuhanga rwabaye thromb yamenetse. Imva yumunyeshuri uherereye ku irimbi rya Novodevichy i Moscou. Hafi yo kuruhuka umugore n'umuhungu.
Kwibuka
Amakuru menshi yerekeye ubuzima bwihariye bwa Dau arimo kwishyurwa numugore we "Landomedi. Nkuko twabayeho, "nihe filime" umugabo wanjye ari umuhanga ". Igitabo no gusuzuma byateje reaction idasobanutse kubaturage. Ibikorwa bibiri by'ubuvanganzo ku buzima bw'umuhanga mu bufatanye bwatanzwe na Maja Bessarab, mwishywa w'umugore we intare mihoro, umurwa mukuru we. Kuva munsi y'ibaba ye, ibitabo by'impapuro za Lamastau na "Rero, isabu".
Ubuzima bwa Leo Danovich bwabaye nk'ishingiro ry'Inyandiko mu mushinga mukuru Ilya Hrzhanovsky. Imiterere nyamukuru muri firime yakozwe nuwayobora Theodore Kurtzis. Mu yindi nshingano, umuyobozi Anatoly Vasilyev, Quure Laureate Robert Rukomeye, Umuririmbyi wa Nikolai Voronov n'abakinnyi benshi badafite umwuga.
Kora kurutonde rwatangiye mu 2005, ibihingwa byambere byanyuze nyuma yimyaka 3. Kaseti ni indorerezi y'amasaha 700, yashyizwe muri firime 13. Uyu muyobozi yatangiraga gukora kuri Bayopique, agatangira kugarura ibintu mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo cy'ubuzima bw'Abasoviyeti ya 30 na 1960 mu kinyejana cya 20. Amasasu nyamukuru yabereye i Kharkov, inzira yatwaye imyaka 4.
Premiere Premiere yabaye muri 2019 i Paris mu makinamico menshi yo mu mujyi.
Mu biro by'isanduku y'Uburusiya, igitaramo cyatangiye hagati muri Mata 2020 ku butaka bw'igihugu. Ibikorwa 10 byose byatoranijwe. Ibi biterwa namategeko akomeye yo kubona icyemezo kizunguruka cya minisiteri yumuco.
Ibihembo n'ibikorwa
- 1934 - Umuganga wubumenyi bwumubiri nu mibare, nta somo
- 1935 - Umutwe wa Porofeseri
- 1945 - Urutonde rwabakozi basigaye
- 1946 - Umunyamuryango wemewe wo mu ishuri rya SECANDA. Igihembo cya Stalinsky
- 1949 - Urutonde rwa Lenin, igihembo cya Stalin
- 1951 - Abanyamuryango mu Ishuri rya Royal Danish
- 1953 - Igihembo cya Stalin
- 1954 - Intwari yumurimo wasosiyalisiti
- 1956 - Kubanyamuryango mu Ishuri rya cyami rya siyansi y'Ubuholandi
- 1959 - Umuganga wubumenyi wubumenyi bwa kaminuza ya Oxford
- 1960 - Amatora n'Umuryango wa Sosiyete y'umuhego z'Ubwongereza, Sosiyete y'Umwami w'Ubwongereza, Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubumenyi bw'Abanyamerika, Ishuri Rikuru ry'Abanyamerika rya siyansi n'ubuhanzi. Igihembo cya London Fritz, Max Plantck Umudari
- 1962 - Igihembo cya Lenin, igihembo cya Nobel muri Fiziki
- 1968 - Urutonde rwa Lenin