Ubuzima
Viktor Astafiev ni umwanditsi uzwi cyane kandi wu Burusiya. Uwatsindiye ibihembo bya leta ya Ussr na Federasiyo y'Uburusiya. Umwe mu bagize abanditsi. Ibitabo bye byimuriwe mu ndimi z'amahanga kandi byasohowe n'amagambo maremare. Ni umwe mu banditsi bake, mubuzima bwe, bamenye ko ari umucuramuke.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Viktor Astafiev yavukiye mu mudugudu wa Oatson wo mu karere ka Krasnoyarsk. Mu muryango wa Petero Astafieva na Lidiya babi, yari umwana wa gatatu. Nibyo, bashiki be bombi bapfuye basubira mu rubyiruko. Igihe Vita yujuje imyaka 7, se yashyizwe muri gereza "yakomeretse". Kumugeraho ku munsi, nyina yagombaga kwimurwa n'ubwato binyuze muri Yenisei. Ubwato bumaze guhindukira, ariko Lidiya ntashobora gukizwa. Yatsimbaraye kuri scythe kuri alloy bon. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubiri we wabonetse muminsi mike.
Umuhungu yareze asogokuru ku murongo wa nyina - Katerina Petrovna na Ilya evgrafovich pyolletcins. Ahagana mu myaka, yabanaga nabo, yibukije ubushyuhe n'ubuntu, nyuma yasobanuye umwana we mu nzu ya nyogokuru muri autobiography "umuheto wanyuma".
Igihe Data yarekuwe, yashakanye n'inshuro ya kabiri. Victor yamujyanye. Bidatinze, umuryango wabo wanyweye itabi, Petero Astafiev, hamwe n'umugore we mushya, umuhungu wavutse, Umuhungu wavutse Kole na Vitea boherejwe i Igark. Hamwe na se, Victor yakoraga uburobyi. Ariko nyuma yigihembwe kirangiye, se yararwaye cyane yinjira mubitaro. Intambwe ya Vitterya ntiyari ikenewe, ntabwo yari igiye kugaburira umwana w'undi.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, yisanze mu muhanda, ntangarugero. Bidatinze, yashyizwe mu kigo cy'imfubyi. Agezeyo, yahuye na Noheri ya Ignatia. Umwigisha ubwe yanditse ibisigo kandi yashoboye gutekereza ubuhanga bwubuvanganzo mumuhungu. Hamwe na hamwe, Porogaramu ya Viktor Astafieva yabaye. Inkuru ye "muzima" yasohotse mu kinyamakuru cy'ishuri. Nyuma, inkuru yitwaga "ikiyaga cya Vastekino."
Nyuma yicyiciro cya 6 gitangira kwiga ku ishuri ryiga uruganda-uruganda, nyuma yakoraga nka courr kuri gari ya moshi n'inshingano.
Mu 1942, Astafiev yagiye mu bwishake bw'imbere. Amahugurwa yabereye muri novosibingk muri gahunda yimodoka. Kuva mu 1943, umwanditsi uzaza yarwaniye i Bryansk, Voronezh na Steppe. Yari umushoferi, televiziyo hamwe n'ubwenge bw'abanyamahanga. Mu ntambara, Victor yarakomeretse kandi yakomeretse inshuro nyinshi. Kuburyo bwa Astafeva, gahunda yinyenyeri itukura yahawe icyemezo cyinyenyeri itukura, kandi yaretse kandi imidari "kubwintsinzi", "yo gutsinda Ubudage" na "kugirango ibohore ya Polonye".
Ubuvanganzo
Gusubira mu ntambara yo kugaburira umuryango, kandi icyo gihe yari amaze gushaka uwo agomba gukora. Byari umukara-hejuru, n'umukanishi, n'umutwaro. Yakoraga ku nyama gutunganya inyama kandi akagwa kariyeri. Umugabo ntacyo yabonye. Ariko, nubwo ubuzima bwa nyuma bwintambara, icyifuzo cyo kwandika kuva Astafieva nticyigeze kibura.
Mu 1951, yiyandikishije mu ruziga rw'ubuvanganzo. Yahumekewe cyane nyuma yinama yandika inkuru "umuntu wabantu" mu ijoro rimwe, nyuma akamukoraho kandi atangazwa munsi yizina "Sibiryak". Bidatinze, Astafieva yabonye kandi atanga akazi mu kinyamakuru "Umukozi wa Chusovskaya." Muri kiriya gihe, yanditse inkuru zirenga 20 ndetse nibintu byinshi byanditse.
Yasohoye igitabo cye cya mbere mu 1953. Byari icyegeranyo cy'inkuru, yitwaga "ku isoko rizaza." Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, yasohoye icyegeranyo cya kabiri - "Amatara". Harimo inkuru kubana. Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, yakomeje kwandika ku bana - mu 1956, igitabo cya Vastekino "cyasohotse, Cuptekino, injangwe", mu 1958 - "imvura ishyushye".
Mu 1958, igitabo cye cya mbere kirasohoka - "gushonga urubura". Muri uwo mwaka, Viktor Petrovich Astafiev yabaye umwe mu bagize abanditsi ba RSFR. Umwaka umwe, yahawe icyerekezo cya Moscou, aho yiganye mu kigo cy'ubuvanganzo ku masomo y'abanditsi. Mu mpera za 50, amagambo ye yaramenyekanye kandi akunzwe mu gihugu hose. Muri icyo gihe, yasohoye inkuru "starodub", "pass" na "inyenyeri".
Mu 1962, Asshafeva yimukiye muri Perm, muri iyi myaka, umwanditsi atera uruziga rwa miniature icapiro mu binyamakuru bitandukanye. Yabahamagaye "ahindagurika", mu 1972 yasohoye igitabo cy'izina rimwe. Mu nkuru zayo zizamura ingingo zingenzi z'Uburusiya - Intambara, gukunda igihugu, ubuzima bwa bustic.
Mu 1967, Viktor Petrovich yanditse inkuru "Umwungeri n'umwungeri. Ubushumba bugezweho. Yatekereje kuri uyu murimo igihe kirekire. Ariko byari bigoye kumucapura bigoye, byinshi byarenze impamvu zo kugenzura. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu 1989, yasubiye mu nyandiko kugira ngo agarure ubwoko bw'inkuru yahoze.
Mu 1975, Viktor Petrovich yabaye ubudahe bw'igihembo cya Leta cya RSFR ku mirimo ya "umuheto wanyuma", "paye", "paye", "ubujura".
N'umwaka utaha, byatangajwe, ahari, igitabo kizwi cyane cy'umwanditsi - "Tsar-amafi". Kandi na none, umwanditsi nk'uwo "wagenzuwe" ko Astafiev ndetse yinjiye mu bitaro nyuma yo kugeragezwa. Yababajwe cyane ku buryo atigeze ahangayikishwa n'iyi nkuru. Nubwo bimeze kuri byose, ni iyo mirimo, yakiriye igihembo cya Leta ya USSR.
Kuva mu 1991, Astafiev yakoraga ku gitabo "Havumwe aricwa." Igitabo cyasohotse gusa mu 1994 kandi gitera amarangamutima menshi kubasomyi benshi. Nibyo, ntabwo byari bifite ibitekerezo bikomeye. Bamwe batunguye ubutwari bw'umwanditsi, ariko icyarimwe bamenye ukuri kwe. Astafiev yanditse inkuru ku ngingo y'ingenzi kandi iteye ubwoba - yerekanye ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa by'intambara. Mu 1994, umwanditsi yakira igihembo cya Leta y'Uburusiya.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Numugore we uzaza, Maria Koryakina Astafyev ahurira imbere. Yakoraga nk'umuforomo. Intambara irangiye, barashyingiranywe basubira mu mujyi muto mu karere ka Perm - Chusovoy. Yatangiye kandi kwandika.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1947, Mariya na Victor bari bafite umukobwa wa Lidiya, ariko nyuma y'amezi atandatu, umukobwa yapfuye azize dyspepsia. Mu rupfu rwe, abaganga ba Astafiev ba Vinyl, ariko umugore yari azi neza ko Victor ubwe ari byo. Yinjije bike, ntashobora kugaburira umuryango. Umwaka umwe, bavutse mu mukobwa Irina, kandi mu 1950 - umuhungu Andrei.
Victor na Maria bari batandukanye cyane. Niba yari umuntu ufite impano kandi yandika ku mutima we, noneho abikora kugirango abone urugero runini kugirango yirinde.
Astafyev yari umugabo wumugabo, abantu bahoraga bakikijwe. Birazwi ko we n'abana badashaka igihe - abakobwa babiri, kubyerekeye kubaho uko atabwiye umugore we igihe kirekire. Yamudimishije ishyari ryambaye ubusa, kandi ntabwo ari abagore gusa, ahubwo no mu bitabo.
Ntiyasize umugore we rimwe, ariko buri gihe agaruka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, babanye imyaka 57. Mu 1984, umukobwa wabo Irina yapfuye mu buryo butunguranye, kandi abuzukuru basigaye - Vitu na Polina - byazanye Viktor Petrovich na Maria Semenovna.
Urupfu
Muri Mata 2001, umwanditsi yitabwa mu bitaro hamwe na stroke. Ibyumweru bibiri arebye cyane, ariko kubwibyo, abaganga baramusunitse, asubira murugo. Yabaye mwiza, ndetse yigenga gusoma mu kinyamakuru ikinyamakuru. Ariko mu mbaraga z'uwo mwaka, Astafyev yongeye kugwa mu bitaro. Bamusanganye indwara z'ibikoresho bya cardiac. Mu cyumweru gishize, Viktor Petrovich Olemp. Umwanditsi yapfuye ku ya 29 Ugushyingo 2001.
Namushyinguye hafi y'umudugudu kavukire, nyuma y'umwaka, inzu ndangamurage y'Umuryango wa Astafka ifunguye i Ovsyanka.
Muri 2009, Viktor Astafieva yahawe nyuma y'uruhinja Alexander Solzhenitsyn. Impamyabumenyi n'amafaranga ibihumbi 25 z'amadolari yatsinze umupfakazi w'umwanditsi. Maria Stepanovna yapfuye mu 2011, yarokotse uwo mwashakanye imyaka 10.
Bibliografiya
- 1953 - "Ku mpeshyi y'ejo hazaza"
- 1956 - "Ikiyaga cya Vatukino"
- 1960 - "Starodub"
- 1966 - "Ubujura"
- 1967 - "Intambara irambura ahantu runaka"
- 1968 - "Umuheto wanyuma"
- 1970 - "Impeshyi yizuba"
- 1976 - "Amafi ya Tsar"
- 1968 - "Ifarashi ifite mane yijimye"
- 1980 - "Mbabarira"
- 1984 - "Gufata Peescacacan muri Jeworujiya"
- 1987 - "Umubabaro ubabaje"
- 1987 - "Lyudochka"
- 1995 - "Urashaka rero kubaho"
- 1998 - "Umusirikare wishimye"