Ubuzima
Alexey orlov - murumuna wa Grigoriya Orlova (atoza Catherine II), umuyoboke wumugezi, wabaye umwe mumitwe ya leta yakwirakwijwe na 1762. Yitirirwa no kwica uwahoze ari Umwami Peter waii. N'ikiganza cyoroheje, Alexey Grigorievich Uburusiya yabonye ubwoko budasanzwe bw'amafarashi - rysuk ya orlovsky. Umugabo kandi yahaye igihugu gypsy yaka umuriro.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Igihe kizaza uhuza Umugabe w'Abayahudi ni ab'icyubahiro kiva mu muryango w'urugo. Alexey Grigorievich yavutse ku ya 24 Nzeri 1737 (Nk'umwaka wa kera) mu mudugudu wa Lutkino (Intara ya Tver). Data, nyir'umutungo we, hashize imyaka 10 Alyoshi, yafashe umwanya wa guverineri wa Novgorodi.
Mu muryango, Alexey - Umuhungu wa gatatu wa batandatu, yatandukanijwe nubuzima bwibyabaye, imico yubucuruzi nimiterere ikomeye, itinyutse kandi itinyutse. Amakuru yerekeye ubuzima bwambere bwumuntu wamateka ni bake cyane. Abavandimwe bamwita Alekhan. Umusore ntiyabonye uburezi bwiza n'uburere, ndetse n'imiryango y'amahanga yari ifite, mu gihe kizaza, imyitwarire mibi yari ifite ubwoba mu rukiko.
Icyakora, kagoma yari ifite umutwaro ivuruke ku bumenyi, bashishikajwe cyane na siyansi n'ubuvanganzo, Manhedrale Mikhail Lomonosov na Denis Fonvizeu, bandikiwe na Jean Jacques. Birazwi ko umusore yize siyanse n'imanza za gisirikare mu nyubako ya Landlinskaya, kandi serivisi itangira mu myaka 15 umusirikare mu ruganda rwa mbere.
Politiki na Services
Kugeza 1762, Alexey Grigorievich dorus to ceringross akarere ka Preobrazhensy. Icyo gihe, abavandimwe ba Orlov - Alexey, inkozi y'ibiryo na Fromari - byari bimaze gutura mu miterere y'umuryango wa Metropolitan, ariko imigani yamaze kujya mu mibereho myiza y'abantu n'imbaraga zabo z'umubiri. Ntabwo byari bishoboka ko urubyiruko ruzagwa mu mateka yamateka, niba batashyizwe mu ruziga rwa samurari kuri samurari kugera kuri samurari ku ntebe y'ubwami, Ekaterina Alekseevna.
Yinjira mu mwanya wo kujuririrwa mu kambaro kazaza, Orlov yatangije kwiyamamariza muri sosiyete y'abacuageje urubyiruko, hanyuma ayihatira igisirikare. Umuyobozi w'umuryango maze aba maraso akonje kandi akomeye ya Alexey Orlov, washoboye gukomeza ibitekerezo bijyanye n'ubuhinzi bwa Leta kugeza imperuka.
Alexey Grigorievich yitabiriye inzira yo guhindura imbaraga. Umugabo ku giti cye yaherekeje Peter wa III, wari mu gasozi gufunze i Rosifu, amurinda hano, hanyuma akuramo hano, hanyuma akuramo hano, hanyuma akuramo hano, hanyuma akuramo intwari ku ntebe y'ubwami. Urupfu rwa Petero narwo rushinja Orlov, ariko ubushakashatsi bw'ubuzima bw'igishushanyo bwizeye ko iki ari igitekerezo gusa, ibaruwa ihannye, ivugwa ko yoherejwe na tsarisi yihana, yitwa impimbano.
Nyuma yo guhirika ubutegetsi, Alexey, hamwe na benewabo basaza, yari hejuru y'Ubwami. Umugabo yasenyutse no kunyereza imbabazi - izina rya Jenerali Majoro, icyo gihe icyiciro cya Alexander Nevsky, wongeyeho ku bugingo bw'abahinzi 800 ndetse no mu mudugudu wa Obolensky, bishimiye abavandimwe kuri batatu.
Mu bihe biri imbere, Orlov yakinnye inshingano zikomeye mu bibazo bya Leta, yakoze amabwiriza menshi ashinzwe umwamikazi. By'umwihariko, bitandukanije mu gihe cy'intambara na Turukiya - Alexey yisanze muri epicenter y'ibikorwa bya gisirikare: yashyizeho umugambi w'iki gikorwa witwa Aripedipetion ya mbere, hanyuma yerekeza kuri squadron wo mu mato y'Uburusiya.
Muri Chesmesky Intambara yateguye "imikorere yerekana", igakuramo amato ya Turukiya. Intsinzi mu Burusiya yizihijwe n'ikigereranyo - mu rwego rwo guhaza gutsindwa kwa Turukiya, umudari yakuweho, Oberky Obelisk n'ingoro bagaragara ku ikarita y'umurwa mukuru. Alexey Grigorievich, wakiriye gahunda ya George Yera Mutagatifu George n'umutwe w'igishushanyo, bifuza gufata izina rya kabiri - Chesmesky.
Kubara Orlov yagerageje ikindi kintu cyingenzi ushinzwe n'Umusomyi. Mu 1775, usaba yatangajwe ku ntebe y'umuganwabikorwa w'Uburusiya Tarakanova, watangaje ko ari umukobwa wa Elizabeti Petrovna. Ekaterina II yategetse Alexey kugira ngo ashuke mu gico kandi akize mu Burayi yerekeza mu Bwami bw'Uburusiya.
Eagles muri iki gikorwa yerekanaga ubuhanga bwose bw'umushuka kandi bukunda, byerekana urukundo rw'igihangana ndetse no gutanga ibikomangoma ukuboko kwe n'umutima we. Guhangana cyane n'inshingano, ni ukuvuga ko watangiye gufata ibikomangoma, igishushanyo n'umwaka umwe cyashizweho rucece.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Cathesine, Pavel Nafashe ingoma yakuyeho ikiruhuko cy'izabukuru bwa Eagle-Chesmensky, kandi Ikirego cyavuye mu Burusiya. Yagarutse nyuma ya Alexandre gusa muri 1801. Nyuma yimyaka 6, Alexey Grigorievich yari agiye kugira uruhare mu ntambara zijyanye no gusoza isi ya Tilzite, ariko igitekerezo nticyateganijwe kubahirizwa mu buzima - bidatinze intara yitaba.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1782, umunezero wa bene wabo, Orlov yahisemo kurongora. Umutware Evdokia Lopukhina yatowe - umukobwa yari afite imyaka 21, naho Alexey Grigorievich yizihije isabukuru yimyaka 48. Nk'uko abahanga mu by'amateka bavuga ko umutware wubatse wa Ekaterina Debidov yasaga naho yicara.
Yahise amenyesha ubwami ubukwe buzaza bwa Orlov, kandi Catherine yashimye inyandiko ye yanditse ku nyandiko ye yanditse, yifuriza "umunezero wose n'imibereho yose n'imibereho yose." Ubukwe butoshye bwagonze kuri moscou yose muminsi myinshi ikurikiranye. Ariko rero, ubuzima bwo mu muryango bwabaye igihe gito: Evdoki, Nikolaevna yapfuye azize umwana wa kabiri, asiga umupfakazi mukuru wa Onlov mu maboko (umuhungu wavutse yapfiriye nyina).
Iyi kirerere yareze undi muhungu bitemewe mu 1763 na Alexander Chesmensky. Catherine II yemeye kwita ku rubyaro rwerera urubyaro: Alexey Grigorievich yahaye Sasha uburezi bwiza n'uburere bwiza.
Mu bihe biri imbere, Alexander Chesmesky yabaye Jenerali Majoro, yagize uruhare mu ntambara yo kurwanya Kostyutko. Umukobwa wa Anna yinjira mu Rukiko Frecia, yanze gushyingirwa akubita idini, ariko ntiyigeze asiga imbuga ya cyami.
Amaze kwegura mu 1775, ikirego cyagiye muri Moscou n'igihe cyera ku bugenye cyakundaga - kororera imbwa n'amafarasi, byavaga mu mahanga. Byari binyuzwe no kuroga, kwikunda. Nk'intara yahawe Intara ya Voronez, Alexey Grigorievich yubatse uruganda rwa Krenovskaya, aho yazanye Obol Ryskov izwi ku isi no ku Burusiya.
Usibye amafarasi, Orlovskiy Canary, Orlovsky Intambara Ingofero ndetse n'inuma z'amaposita yari icyamamare. Kuva mu Buperesi Grigorievich yazanye inkoko ya CHC Gilsandovsky. Nanone, kubara Orlov yagaragaje Moscou pascou yazanye mu Burusiya ukomoka muri Moldoviva. Iyi chapel yaranze intangiriro yimikorere ya Gypsy yabigize umwuga.
Urupfu
Mbere y'urupfu, abasaza kandi igishushanyo cy'isoni cyababajwe cyane. Nk'uko imigani ivuga ku buryo bwo kutumva induru, ategeka ko orchestre yo mu rugo akinira iminsi mike ikurikiranye. Amakuru avuga ko Alexey Grigorievich, apfuye, yahise azenguruka akarere, kandi abantu bo mu masomo atandukanye bagera ku mutungo.
Bavuga ko yakunzwe n'abahinzi b'ibigo - umuntu yahoraga abafata neza, bityo, ahagarara imbere yirembo, abantu boroheje bararira. Kuri Noheri 1807, Eagle-Chesmer yarapfuye.
Igishushanyo cyashyinguwe muri monasiteri ya Yuriev, aho umukungugu wari hafi y'ibisigazwa by'abavandimwe 60. Mu 1896, umukungugu wa kagoma wari ku bihugu byumutungo rusange.
Kwibuka
- Mu 1995, urwibutso rw'umuyobozi wa gisirikare no gutoranya Alexey Orlov Chesmensky yubatswe muri Voronezh.
- Mu 2004, urwibutso rw'abajyanama ba Eaglov rwagaragaye ku birwa by'ibirori by'Abagereki mu rwego rwo kwizihiza iminsi yuburusiya-Ubucuti bw'Abagereki.
- Mu isomero ryo hagati (St. Petersburg) yabitse icyegeranyo cy'ibitabo Alexei Orlova. Ibitabo bifite uruhu rwijimye buhuza na zahabu ya zahabu yaranzwe na gao monogram munsi yikamba ryintara.