Amateka y'inyuguti
Ishusho ya filozofiya yingendo, amagambo yarwo bigira ingaruka kumigozi yubugingo, shobuja na Margarita "na Margarita". Hamwe ninyuguti nkuru yimirimo ya kera ya Yesu Ga-nochri, yigisha umusomyi wubwenge, kwihangana no gusobanukirwa abantu babi bitabaho, kandi Sekibi ntabwo aribwo buryo bworoshye.Amateka yo Kurema
Izina ryimiterere yamabara, nkibisobanuro byinshi biranga, bifite ibisobanuro runaka. Yeshua ni kimwe mu kuvuga izina Yesu. Ga-nozri yahinduwe nk '"kuva i Nazareti."
Ibi byose byerekana ko umusomyi ari intwari yamenyekanye ya Bibiliya. Ariko abashakashatsi babonye ibyemezo byerekanwe na filozofi ya Bulgakov byerekanaga Kristo igice gusa. Igikorwa cyanditsi cyigitabo ntabwo cyari ugutanga ibyabaye bifitanye isano n'Umwana w'Imana.
Umwe muri prototypes ya Yesu yari intwaro myshkin kuva mu kidodo "umuswa". Ibiranga intwari bihura ninyuguti ya Bulgakov. Myskin numuntu utuje kandi wimyitwarire isa nkaho ikikije eccentric. Abashakashatsi bo mu guhanga rya Dostoevsky bahamagara intwari "ishusho nziza ya gikristo."
Nk'uko bya biopiterirs ba birwanyi ba Bulgakov, ni nko iyerekwa rya Kristo umwanditsi yarangwaga, atera ishusho ya Ga-nochri. Bibiliya yerekana Yesu nk'Umwana w'Imana, yashoboye gukora ibitangaza. Na none, abanditsi bombi (Bulgakov na Dostoevsky) bifuzaga kwerekana mu manza Yesu yabayeho mu isi kandi ajyana umucyo abantu badakoresheje ubushobozi bwamayobera. Bulgakov kure yubukristo, ishusho nkiyi yasaga naho hafi kandi bifatika.
Isesengura rirambuye rya biografiya ya Yesu yemeza ko niba Yesu yakoreshejwe numwanditsi nka prototype ya Ga-nozri, gusa mubiva muri rusange byamateka. Filozofiya y'abanyabwenge batandukanye n'imbuto ya Kristo.
Kurugero, Yeshua yanze igitekerezo cyuko umuntu ashobora kuba ari ikibi. Imyitwarire imwe kuri mugenzi wawe iboneka kuri Don Quixote. Iyi ni iyindi mpamvu yo kuvuga ko ishusho ya Yesu ari rusange. Imiterere ya Bibiliya ivuga ko societe muri rusange (kandi buri muntu byumwihariko) irashobora kuba mbi cyangwa ubwoko.
Yeshua ntiyigeze ashyira intego yo gukwirakwiza filozofiya ye, umugenzi ntabwo ashishikariza abantu abigishwa babo. Umugabo aje uteye ubwoba iyo imizingo yanditswe na mugenzi wabonetse. Iyi myitwarire iratandukanye cyane nimyitwarire ya Kristo, igerageza gukwirakwiza inyigisho kubantu bose bahuye nabyo.
Ishusho na Plot
Yeshua Ga-nozri yavukiye mu mujyi wa Gamel, uherereye mu burengerazuba bw'umusozi wa Golan. Nta kintu na kimwe kizwi ku babyeyi b'umuhungu, mu buryo busanzwe bavuga ko se wa Yeshua bageze i Gamlu ukomoka muri Siriya.
Abagabo nta bantu ba hafi. Umufilozofe azerera ku isi imyaka myinshi akavuga abashaka kureba ubuzima bwabo mubuzima. Umugabo nta shuri cyangwa abigishwa ba filozofiya cyangwa abigishwa. Umwe mu bayoboke bonyine wa Yeshua ni bo bacuruzaga amagambo - uwahoze ari umusoresha.
Iya mbere muri Novel Bullegav, idasanzwe, Yeshua avuga kobaya. Kuganira n'abamenyereye mu byuzi kw'abakurambere, umupfumu ashushanya igishushanyo cyamurikirwa:
Ati: "Uyu mugabo yari yambaye Hitton y'ubururu ya kera. Umutwe we wari wuzuyeho shitani yera ufite umukandara uzengurutse uruhanga rwe, kandi amaboko ye aboma inyuma ye. Munsi yijisho ryibumoso, umugabo yari afite igikomere kinini, mu mfuruka yumunwa - prick hamwe namaraso yatetse ... "Muri iyi fomu yagaragaye imbere ya perefe y'Abaroma muri Ponsiyo Pilato Yeshua Ga-nozri. Mu mvugo za Bulgakov ivuga umusatsi muremure utukura abagabo, ariko nyuma iki kintu cyakuwe mubitabo.
Umufilozofe udasanzwe yarafashe atangaza ko ahabinye icyaha kubera inyigisho zasomye Yeshua ku masoko ya Yershake. Uhagarariye Amategeko yatekereje ubushishozi nubuntu bwafashwe. Yeshua yatekereje cyane ko Pilato Pilato arwaye ububabare n'inzozi ko kubabazwa byahagaze:
"Nibyo, ikiruta byose, nuko umutwe wawe urababara, kandi birababaje cyane ku buryo ufite urupfu rw'urupfu."Porokireri ntiyashimishijwe nuko Yesu yavuze mu bwisanzure mu Cyarameyi, Ikigereki n'ikilatini. Kubazwa hamwe n'ibiyobyabwenge byahindutse mu kiganiro cyubwenge cyibitekerezo bibiri bize kandi bidasanzwe. Abagabo bavuze ku bubasha n'ukuri, ineza n'icyubahiro:
Ati: "Igihe kizagera igihe hatazabaho abakerasi cyangwa izindi mbaraga zose. Umuntu azajya mu bwami bw'ukuri n'ubutabera, aho nta mbaraga zitazakenerwa. "
Amaze kubona ko icyateye ifatwa ari ubupfu kandi kidaseka cy'abaturage baho, Ponsiyo Pilato agerageza guhindura iperereza ry'ubucamanza. Umuganda atekereza kwa filozofiya ikeneye kwanga imyizerere ye kugira ngo irinde ubuzima, ariko Yesu ntabwo yiteguye kureka isura ye ejo hazaza.
Muri iki gikorwa, ibintu byose, ndetse n'abazamu, reba ubutwari bw'umugabo ukomeza kuba umwizerwa ku mwuka wa nyuma. Ariko umushinga ntabwo yiteguye gushyira mu kaga umwuga kubera umugenzi uzi ubwenge kandi mwiza, nubwo rero impuhwe, iyicwa rizabaho.
Yatunguwe n'urupfu biganisha ku musozi muto, aho ababatsi bazabaho. Yateye ubwoba n'ibihe kandi ntibirwanya Yeshua byatewe imisumari ku kibaho cy'imbaho. Ikintu cyonyine cyashoboye gukora Ponsiyo Pilato ni ugutanga itegeko rya filozofiya ryinyundo cyahise mu mutima. Igikorwa nk'iki kizakuraho Icyubahiro Ga-noesi kuva kubabazwa kuva kera. Mu minota yanyuma yubuzima bwa Yeshua avuga kubyerekeye ubugwari.
"... ntabwo yatoranijwe iki gihe. Ikintu yavuze nuko, mu bihame byabantu, kimwe mubintu byingenzi atekereza ubugwari. "Umurambo wa mwarimu ukuraho muri Matvey Levy. Umugabo avuma Imana na Ponsiyo Pilato kubera urupfu rwinshuti, ariko ntuhindukire. Perefe wa Yudaya atanga itegeko ryo gutuntura umubiri wa filozofiya, bityo bihesha amahirwe y'ubwenge.
Ariko urupfu ntabwo ari imperuka kuri Yeshua na gato. Umuhanga mu bya filozofiya yasuye abamenyereye mu nzozi, aho umushinjacyaha na Ga-nochri bavuga ku bishimishije kandi bashaka ibisobanuro by'ubuzima. Ibisobanuro byanyuma bya filozofiya byongeye guhuzwa numuhengeri. Ga-nozri yohereje Levi Matayo umukara Magu hamwe na gahunda.
"Yasomye inyandiko ya Databuja akagusaba gufata Masters kandi ayiha amahoro ... asabye kandi kubera ko yababaye kubera,"Gukingira
Mu 1972, Umuyobozi uturutse muri Polonye Andrei Waida yashyikirije abareba Kinicalatin yise Pilato n'abandi. Byahumetswe nakazi ka Bulgakov, wafashe icyemezo cyo kwerekana igice cyumugambi wahariwe umubano hagati ya Pontae Pilato na Yeshua. Igikorwa cya firime cyimuriwe mu Budage ku kinyejana cya 20, uruhare rwa filozofiya yazindutse rwagiye muri wojöhki.
Umukino wa firime wa kera wigitabo kizwi cyasohotse mu 1988. Umuyobozi wa Polonye - Matsek Voek yongeye gufata amasasu y'ikibanza gikomeye kandi kimugwiro. Abanegura bizihije umukino wo gukina impano. Uruhare rwa Yeshua rwasohoye Tadeutsi bradetsky.
Abakinnyi ba firime z'Uburusiya "ba shebuja na Margarita" basohotse kuri ecran mu 2005. Umuyobozi w'Ishusho Vladimir Bortko yibanze ku bintu byamayobera ya firime. Ariko igice cyumugambi wahariwe Yeshua afata umwanya munini muri firime. Uruhare rwa ha noeri rwabonye umukinnyi Sergey Bezrukov.
Muri 2011, Premiere yo gusuzuma "Shebuja na Margarita" yabaye, gufata amashusho byarangiye mu 2004. Kubera kutumvikana kubyerekeye uburenganzira bwa firime, Premiere yashyizwe mu myaka 6. Umuntu utegerejwe kuva kera yahise ananirwa. Abakinnyi n'imirimo barasaga, bakurikije amahame agezweho, bidahwitse no kwitegura. Uruhare rwa Yeshua ku ishusho rwagiye i Nikolay Burlyaev.
Vuba aha, abatwara amafilime ba Hollywood bashushanyije ibitekerezo kumurimo wa kera. Amenshi mu mashusho ya firime y'Abanyamerika azakurwaho mu Burusiya. Ingengo y'imari iteganijwe ni miliyoni 100 z'amadolari.
