Ubuzima
Umwanditsi w'Uburusiya n'umusizi, Skirik na Kinoterast Yuri Oleka yerekanye isi igitabo gitangaje "imirimo itatu itangaje yashyizeho ku rufatiro rw'amashusho na animated.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umwanditsi ukundwa na miriyoni yavukiye mu 1899 muri Eliyavettgrad (ubu atropyvnytsky). Ishami rishaje, imizi ye irashaje kuva mu kinyejana cya XV, kuva Boyarin Oleshi Petrovich, waburaniye igikomangoma Force Borovsky yashyikirijwe nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yagejejwe kuri nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yashyikirijwe nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yagejeje kuri nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yagejejwe kuri nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yagejeje kuri nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yagejeje kuri nyir'umudugudu Berovsky yashyikirijwe nyir'umudugudu . ORTHODOX Olesha Petrovich yahuzaga kandi igahindukirira Gatolika.
Ibinyejana bibiri nyuma yiki gice cya Commonwealth yisi, ubwami bwu Burusiya bwarashize, kandi Oleshi aba umunyacyubahiro wa Biyelorusiya, basiga ururimi rw'itumanaho muri Polonye. Se wumwanditsi w'ejo hazaza - Karl Olesha - yari umuyobozi mukuru na nyirinzu: yari afite umutungo wishyamba witwaga izina "ibice". Karl hamwe na murumuna - Umugatsi ushishikaye - yagurishije umutungo w'imyenda.
Mu bisibwa by'abana nibuka ya Yuri, Oleshi yagumye kugendera ku ifiriti, ubuzima mu nzu nziza n'inzoka kubera popuga ya Data no gutinda kugaruka mu makipe. Nyuma, Olesha azandika iyo "clubs ari imwe mu magambo akomeye y'inka yanjye." Mama Yuri - Umuhanzi ufite impano n'ubwiza Olga, yitwaga Rafael.
Yuri yabaga muri Elisavettgrad mu myaka 3 yambere, ubwo umuryango wimutse muri Odessa. Uburere bw'umuhungu bwagize uruhare muri nyirakuru wa Polonye. Ingofero ya Revolution Melkurbuzuaznaazna Umuryango Olezha yafashe ubwato bwa Waryway. Kugera muri Odesa ya Battleship yigomeke "Potemkin" byateje amahano kandi bagategereza iherezo ryanze bikunze kwambere.
Ahagana ku ya 11, Yuri yabaye umunyeshuri wa siporo ya Richeliya. Umusore usebanya mu ishuri yagize ubwoba: Kugira ngo winjire mu rwego rwo kwitondera Ulcer Oleshi yashakaga gutura muri Gymnasium yose igihe kirekire. Ubwo noneho umuhungu afite igitekerezo kidasanzwe araryama.
Imirongo yambere yinjiye ya Yuri Oleka yanditse mumashuri yisumbuye. Muri Odessa "Amajyepfo yatangaje" igitabo cy'ubuvanganzo bw'umusore cyabaye: Ibiro by'Abwanditsi byatwaye igisigo "clarormand" kugacapura. Mu 1917, Yuri Olesha yakiriye icyemezo cyo gukura maze yinjira muri kaminuza ya Odessa ahitamo ishami ry'amategeko.
Ubuvanganzo
Abavandimwe batigeze bemera impinduramatwara bimukiye muri Polonye, maze aranga, aguma muri Palmyra y'Amajyepfo, aho ubuzima bw'ubuvanganzo butekaga. Hamwe na Valentin Kataev na Ilya Ilfom, yinjiye muri "komini y'abasizi". Mu mujyi ku nyanja yirabura, umwe umwe ku wundi hari amashyirahamwe yubuvanganzo. Ku bateze amatwi 8 muri kaminuza ya kaminuza bafashe umugoroba wo guhanga odessants. Dummies Urubyiruko rwitwa Nikolai Gumileva, Alexandre Blok, Igor Norher.
Ikintu gikomeye cya Oleshi - ikinamico cyitwa "umutima muto" cyabereye muri Odessa. Yashyizwe n'abagize uruziga rw'ubuvanganzo. Umwandiko wo kwandika warazimiye, ariko mu mibereho yo guhanga umwanditsi, ikinamico yagize uruhare: Yuri yumvise ibisubizo byambere ashishikaye.
Mu myaka ya za 1920, imaragaruka y'inyanja, wavuye mu kuboko kuboko yerekeza, yakuye ingabo zitukura. Impunzi Imiraba yazanye abantu bafite impano mu bwami basenyutse. Umusizi na Prossaik Vladimir Natution yageze mu mujyi, yagira ingaruka ku buzima bwa Yury Olesi.
Noneho abanditsi ba Odessa bagize ibyanditswe bitita ku mapaki n'ibitabo, aho bikorerwa muri kanseri y'akazi, byafunguye muri resitora ya mbere na cafe. Igikinisho gishya cyo gukina cya Oleshi "umukino wa Plach" wabonye kuri stage ya satani ya redolution.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1921, Olesha na Kataev bimukiye inyuma na Natat i Kharkov, aho umwanditsi yahawe kuyobora ikigo cya Radiyo ya Ukraine. Yuri Olesha yatuye muri theatre ya "Balanti", ariko nyuma yumwaka umwe isosiyete yimukiye mu murwa mukuru. I Moscou, Odessis yatuye mu nzu y'umwanditsi abona akazi mu kinyamakuru cya Gidok, ku mpapuro za Mikhail Bulgakov, Ilya Ilf na Yevgeny Petrov yasohotse. Umwanditsi witwa "Gudkovsky" Igihe cyiza mubuzima.
Yuri yakoraga mu ishami rishinzwe amakuru aho ibahasha n'inyuguti z'amashuri: i Moscou, nyuma yuko Odessant Odessa, Odesha yatangiye umwuga we kuva mu ru rwego. Umwaka umwe, umuyobozi w'ishami, usoma inyandiko z'abayoborwa, ushinzwe kwandika feuille ku murongo. Ku kibazo cyo gusinya, cyagiriye inama ipimbano "chisel".
Yahamagawe yambitswe ikamba. Muri "Beep" nyuma yundi yagaragaye ko Fekelons nshya yashyizweho umukono na "CHISEL". Olee ibikoresho byatanze ubuvepiry wanditse kubyerekeye ubujura, ubutwari, bureaucracy hamwe nizindi ibisebe bya societe mu turere. Abasomyi b'ibisigo by'ibisigo bya Whirish Yury Ohleshi yakundaga, bageze ku bisubizo amagana.
Mu 1924, umwanditsi yerekanye abasomyi inyandiko ya mbere - Umugani w'urugero ". Ba sekuruza batatu". Yasohotse nyuma yimyaka 4. Igitekerezo cyo kwandika umugani kuva kuri Yuri Oleshi muri hositel "hoodkey" (iki nicyumba cye kidafite ibikoresho inyuma yimpapuro Ilf na perrov byasobanuwe mu "ntebe 12"). Mu idirishya ahateganye n'umwanditsi babonye ubwiza bukiri muto, basoma ashishikaye igitabo. Umukobwa yitwaga Valentina Grungano. Nyuma yimyaka 4, yabaye umugore wa Evgeny Petrov.
Hanyuma, Valea w'imyaka 15 y'amavuko, yashimishije, ashimishijwe no gusoma imigani yahiye kugira ngo ahimbe umugani mwiza kuruta uw'umuseke. Mu capiro ryafashe umuzingo w'impapuro kandi, kuzunguruka hasi, igitabo cyanditse nijoro. Igitabo cya mbere cyahariwe Valentina Grungano.
Ubushyuhe bwa Odessa bwatekerejwe mumujyi wibinure. Umugani wa Carnival ufite umugambi wa impinduramatwara usoma byoroshye, imvugo ngereranyo ya fantasy na brilliant yashimishijwe nabana nabakuze. Mu myaka ya za 1930, umugani wabaye bwa mbere imiterere ya MCAT. Ikinamico yahinduwe mu ndimi 17 kandi uyumunsi ishyirwa kuri isi yose. Mu 1966, Alexey Batalov hamwe na Joseph Shapiro yakuyeho ishusho "ba se batatu".
Mu icapiro, umugani wabaye nyuma yo gutsinda gusa mu gitabo cya kabiri cya Oleshi, wasohotse mu 1927 cyitwa ishyari. Igitabo kijyanye na pete yabanyabwenge nyuma yimpinduramatwara ifatwa nkibyiza mumugeri wa Yuri Oleshi. Inzozi ziva kuri "ishyari" nikolai kavalerov, aho imico y'umwanditsi akekwa, abo mu gihe cyitwa igihe intwari. Hagati ya za 1930, icyumba cya Aburamu cyakuyeho ikinamico "umusore ukomeye."
Intsinzi nyinshi z'urushyango yafunguye umuhanda "Ababyibushye batatu": "impinduramatwara" mbere ntabwo yacapishijwe kubera kwanga ubwoko bw'igihugu gikiri gito.
Mu ntangiriro ya za 1930, Olesha yaranditse "ishyari" ikinamico "umugambi mubisha", ariko kogenzurwa nabonye kunegura no kubuzwa. Umwanditsi yanze akazi, ahamagara "urutonde rwakomeye". Mu 1931, ikinamico yafashe muri theatre ya rencolod meyerque. Umusaruro wagiye ibihe bitatu mu barebaga abantu benshi, ariko bidatinze baza munsi y'ubushakashatsi: Yongeye kubona Kramol.
Umwanditsi yacecetse igihe kirekire. Abolobera benshi, inshuti magara, Oleshi yakandamijwe ku murimo we. Intangiriro yintambara ikomeye yuri oleka yarokotse yimuro muri Turukimenisitani.
Iribukwa ku bitabo ryakuweho hagati ya 1950, ariko Olezha yanditse bike. Ibi ahanini byari bihanishwa ibitabo bya kera - Dostoevsky, Chekhov. Yuri Karlovich yari yicaye inyuma yikirahure muri resitora yinzu yabanditsi, aho abo bakozi bubahwa kubwicyubahiro cyo kumuvura. Inyandiko z'ibitabo, zegeranijwe kandi zitangazwa nyuma y'urupfu rwe mu ntangiriro ya za 1960, utanga ubuhamya ku mpano idafunzwe y'umwanditsi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Prototypes y'abakobwa ba Suok "abantu batatu" bari bashiki bacu Lidiya, Olga na Serafimu, bambara izina rimwe. Yuri yahuriye muri Odessa, aho umuryango wahoze wahitanye amavuta ya Otirishiya.
Mu muto wazo, Sime, Yuri Olezha yakunze. Babayeho mu ishyingiranwa ry'abaturage, ariko umuyaga wa Serafimu watorotse muri Oleshi. Ku nshuro ya kabiri - ku nshuti Vladimir Narbututu.
Hagati ya 1920, umwanditsi yashakanye na bashiki bacu bo hagati - Olga, yabayeho mbere y'iminsi irangiye. Nta mwana usanzwe wari uhari, kandi Yuri Karlovich yazanye umuhungu wa Olga mu bubano bwa mbere.
Urupfu
Ubuzima bwa Yuri Oleti bwagabanije ibiyobyabwenge byangiza. Mbere gato y'urupfu, umwanditsi, mu mufuka w'umuyaga wagenze, abaza bagenzi be, abashyingura bazahabwa. Yashubijwe ko inzira yanyuma yakorewe murwego rwohejuru. Hamwe no guteka, Olesha yabajije niba bidashoboka kumarana murwego rwo hasi, kandi itandukaniro ryo gutanga amafaranga nonaha.
Yapfuye umwanditsi mu mpeshyi ya 1960. Yashyinguwe kuri Novodevichy. Aho hantu hafashwe "icyiciro cyo hejuru" - ku murongo wa mbere w'igice cya mbere.
Bibliografiya
- 1920 - Agasfer Umuvugo
- 1920 - Igisigo cya Beatrice
- 1920 - Igice "Umukino wa Plach"
- 1924 - Umugani "ba se batatu"
- 1927 - Ishyari "
- 1929 - Igice "Ubugambanyi bwa Senstes"
- 1930 - Igice "Urutonde rwakomeye"
- 1934 - Urubyiruko rukomeye "
- 1938 - Scenario "Abasirikare ba Botov
- 1939 - Scenario "Injeniyeri Yibeshya ya Cochin"
- 1958 - Igice "Idiot"
- 1959 - Igice "Indabyo Belevations"
- 1959 - Igice "Cracelet"
- 1961 - IBuna "Ntamunsi udafite umurongo"