Ubuzima
Umunyamakuru w'Ubudage na Esaik Hesse bitwaga intore nziza, kandi igitabo cye kijyanye no gushakisha umuntu ubwe "impyisi y'inyanja" - Ubuzima bw'Ubugingo. Izina ry'umwanditsi ryashyizwe ku banditsi bakomeye bo mu kinyejana cya 20, kandi ibitabo bihora bifata umwanya ku bubiko bw'abantu bakunda kwisesengura.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Herman yari iyo ari yo mu miterere y'abapadiri b'abaporotesitanti. Abakurambere ba se Johannes Hesse barimo bakoraga umumisiyonari kuva mu kinyejana cya 18, kandi yeguriye ubuzima bwo kumurikirwa kwa gikristo. Mama Maria Gundert, igice cy'Abafaransa cy'Abafaransa, na we yavukiye mu muryango wizera, yamaze imyaka itari mike mu Buhinde afite igitego cy'abamisiyonari. Igihe cyo gukundana na Johannes, yari asanzwe yari umupfakazi kandi akura abahungu babiri.
Herman yavutse muri Nyakanga 1877 mu mujyi wa Calve Land Baden-Württemberg. Muri rusange, abana batandatu bavukiye mu muryango wa Hesse, ariko bane gusa barokotse: Hermann yari ashiki bacu Adel na Marulla na Murumuna.
Ababyeyi babonye ibibwe basimbuye imigenzo imigenzo, kuko bohereje umwana mu ishuri ry'abamisiyonari, hanyuma bajye kuri pansiyo ya gikristo muri Basel, aho umutware w'umuryango yakiriye umwanya mu ishuri ry'abamisiyonari. Amashuri yishuri yari yoroshye, cyane cyane ikilatini yarakunze, kandi yari ku ishuri, akurikije umwanditsi, yize ubuhanga bwo kubeshya na diplomasi. Yavuze ko ariko ku bisobanuro by'ejo hazaza h'umubatizo w'itiriwe Nobel mu bitabo, yagize ati:
"Kuva mu myaka cumi n'itatu twarisobanukiwe - nzaba umusizi cyangwa umuntu uwo ari we wese."
Imigambi ya Hesse ntiyabonye gusobanukirwa mumuryango ndetse no mumazego yuburezi yasuye:
"Mu kanya gato, nazanye isomo byashoboka gusa kuva mu bihe: umusizi hari ikintu cyemewe kuba, ariko nticyemewe kuba."Herman yoherejwe kwiga ishuri ryikilatini murimbuka, hanyuma ajya muri seminari ya tewolojiya, aho yatorotse. Herman yakoraga mu nzu yo gucapa no kwitoza mu mahugurwa ya mashini, yafashije Se mu nzu yo gusohora ibitabo bya tewolojiya, yakoraga ku ruganda rwo kureba. Hanyuma, nasanze byoroshye mumaduka y'ibitabo. Mu gihe cye cy'ubusa yakoraga kwiyigisha, isomero rikize ryakomeje kuba inyungu za sekuru.
Dukurikije kwibuka Hesse, mu myaka ine yerekanye umwete w'ingirakamaro mu ndimi, filozofiya, ibitabo by'isi, amateka yubuhanzi. Usibye siyanse, yari afite impapuro, yandika imirimo yambere. Bidatinze, Besse yatsinze ibizamini bikenewe kugira ngo amasomo akenewe yinjiraga muri kaminuza ya Tubingen nk'umuntu utega amatwi kubuntu. Byongeye kandi, hitamo ibyo
"Ubuzima bwo mu mwuka ni na gato bushoboka gusa binyuze mu guhuza burundu n'uburozi, hamwe n'amateka, hamwe na kera kandi bibabaje", "Yahinduye kuva kubucuruzi busanzwe mububiko bwa buckinistic. Ariko, byakoreye aho, no kugaburira, kandi twanga aya masomo mugihe twandika intsinzi namahirwe yo kubamo umuryango kumafaranga.
Ubuvanganzo
Ibikorwa byambere byubuvanganzo mumibereho ya Herman Hess bifatwa nk '"abavandimwe babiri", byanditswe na we mumyaka icumi kuri murumuna we.
Mu 1901, umurimo wa mbere ukomeye wa Hesse urarekuwe - "Inyandiko n'ibisigo byanditswe mu kidage" (amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo yo guhindura amazina -" amahitamo yo guhindura amazina - "amahitamo ashingiye ku Budage". na podicous Histertic Hesse ").
Ariko, kwemezwa n'abanegura no kumenyekana mu gusoma uruziga, ndetse n'ubwigenge bwamafaranga buzana Abaroma "Peter Kamezind". Umuroma wahawe igihembo cy'ubuvanganzo bwa Eduard Bauernn urugero, kandi umwanditsi ni icyifuzo cyatanzwe n'inzu nini yo gutangaza S. Fischer Verlag yatangajwe n'inyandiko zakurikiyeho. Nyuma yaho, inzu yo gusohora Samweli Fisher igiye igice cy'ikinyejana izaba nyir'ubwite uburenganzira bwo gutangaza imirimo ya Hesse mu Budage.
Mu 1906, Herman yanditse inkuru "munsi y'uruziga", atekereza, nko mu bikorwa byasohotse mbere, ibintu byo kwihorera, cyane igihe cyo kwiga muri Seminari. Byongeye kandi, umwanditsi wingingo ninkuru zakozwe nkicyaha kandi usubiramo. Umwaka umwe, Bese ku bufatanye n'umubwiriza Albert Langen naho undi kandi umwanditsi Ludwig Tom yatangiye kurekura ikinyamakuru cy'ubuvanganzo März.
Roman "Gertruda" yagaragaye muri 1910. Umwaka umwe, Besse yagiye mu rugendo mu Buhinde, yasuye Singapuru, muri Sri Lanka. Bagarutse, umwanditsi yasohoye icyegeranyo cy'imivugo n'inkuru "kuva mu Buhinde". Inyungu mubikorwa byuburasirazuba bizabona inzira yo gusohoka mumyaka mike, ibiganiro bya Siddortha, intwari yizeye ko yizeye ko kumenya ukuri, iyi ntego irashobora kugerwaho gusa.
Mu gihugu cya Hesse, yiboneye ibyabaye mu ntambara ya mbere y'isi yose, yatangiye kuvuga hamwe ningingo ningingo ya nyuma yintambara yo kurwanya intambara, gukusanya inkunga yo gutangiza amasomero ku mfungwa zimfungwa. Mu nyandiko z'Amateka, umwanditsi yakoranye n'ababuranyi bombi barwana, bityo ntibitangaje kubona gahunda yo gukwirakwiza poropagande yagaragaye i Hesse, yiswe ikigwari kandi akaba umuhemu mu binyamakuru.
Mu myigaragambyo, Herman yimukiye muri Bern yo mu Busuwisi maze yanga kwerekeza ku Budage. Umuryango wibitekerezo n'ibitekerezo hafi ya Hesse hamwe n'umwanditsi w'Ubufaransa, ushyigikiye akora cyane muri Pacifism Romen Rollyn. Ahantu hamwe, yarangije Umuroma wa Roshalde, akazi kakurikiraho, aho iki gihe cyari kijyanye n'intege nke z'iminsi.
Ibitabo by'ibitabo by'uburezi "Sinzi", bisobanura ibihe byo gushyiraho imibereho n'imyitwarire yimiterere yimiterere yimiterere yingenzi, yabanjirije ibintu bibabaje mubuzima bwa Hesse: Noneho umuhungu yapfuye, umuhungu yapfuye azize ibitaro bya Psycliatric . Duhereye ku ngaruka z'inyoni ziremereye cyane, Herman yakijije psychologue azwi cyane Josef Lang.
Kuyoborwa na Psychoanalys, Hesse yavuze ko mu gitabo kitari umusore ukiri muto wagarutse avuye mu ntambara kandi ashakisha umwanya wo kwiyongera k'umuhungu usanzwe wa burger na Mu gitutu cy'igitutu cy'igitutu no gushimira ibintu bibiri bya kamere ye byahindutse umuntu warutaga urwego rw'abandi. Karl Jung ubwe yashubije igitabo "ku mucyo w'amatara ya nijoro."
Ibitabo byibanze, umwanditsi yagaragarije muri "Steppem Wolf" igitabo, gifatwa nkicyiciro cyingenzi mumyandikira ya Hessese. Igitabo cyatangije icyerekezo cyibitabo byubwenge mubuvanganzo bwubudage, kandi amagambo yinyandiko arakoreshwa kandi nkumuhamagaro wakazi, kandi nkigishushanyo cyumwanya wihariye.
Umuhengeri mushya wamamare utwikiriye hesse nyuma yo gutangaza inkuru "Narcissus na Zlatous" ("Narcissus na zahabu"). Ibigize ibihimbano bigenda mu Budage bwa Hagati Hagati, kandi ubuzima burimo burwanya kwibabaza, ibintu by'umwuka - ibintu, gushyira mu gaciro - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima - amarangamutima.
Ubwoko bw'ikibazo cyo guhanga Hesse bwari "Umukino mu masaro", igitabo cyatoopiya cyo mu bwenge bw'imibereho-ubwenge, cyabyaye ibiganiro bityaye no gusobanura byinshi. Ku murimo, umwanditsi yakoraga mu gihe icumi n'ibice byatangajwe. Igitabo cyuzuye cyabonye urumuri muri Zurich hagati y'intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose - mu 1943. Mu gihugu cya Hesse, igitabo cyanyuma cyabujijwe kubera umwanditsi yarekuwe gusa mu 1951 kumwanya wo kurwanya fashist.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Hermann Hesse yashakanye inshuro eshatu. Uwo bashakanye ba mbere Maria Bernoulli, umwanditsi yashakanye mu 1904, nyuma yo kujya mu Butaliyani, aho Maria aherekejwe na Herman nk'umufotozi. Maria, cyangwa Mia, nkuko ahandi guha umukobwa, byaturutse mu muryango w'abahanga mu mibare y'isuka.
Kubyerekeye abana bavukiye muri ubu bukwe, ibicuruzwa byamakuru. Mu masoko amwe n'amwe twavugaga ko umuhungu w'imfura wa Martin yapfuye azize meningite, akiri ingimbi. Muri icyo gihe, abandi bavuga kuri Bruno na Heiner, babaye abahanzi kandi bakaba babayeho igihe kirekire, ndetse nandi Martin, wavutse mu gufotora.
Hamwe na Maria Hesse yatananywe ku mugaragaro mu 1923, ariko indi myaka itandatu mbere yibyo, umugore urwaye indwara yo mumutwe yashyizwe mubitaro byihariye.
Mu 1924, Herman yashakanye n'inshuro ya kabiri kuri Ruth Wejer, umukobwa w'umwanditsi Lisa Wenger. Rusi yari muto imyaka 20, akunda kuririmba no gushushanya. Ubu bukwe bwabayeho imyaka itatu, muri iki gihe, dukurikije kwibuka abo mu gihe, ibyo akunda Frau hesse byatoranijwe n'amatungo kuruta ibibazo byumuryango. Muri icyo gihe, ababyeyi ba Venger bahoraga basura abashyitsi, kandi umwanditsi atigeze yumva mu rugo rwabo.
Icyifuzo cyumugore we, umwanda numukunzi Hesse wasanze muwo bashakanye wa gatatu ninon asuslander. Hamwe numugore, umwanditsi yabyanze kuva kera - Ninon yanze kuba umufana ukomeye wakazi wa Heruman. Nyuma, yashakanye na Engineer Fred Dolbin, yahuye na Hesse mu 1922, igihe abashakanye babanjirije. Mu 1931, umuhanga mu by'amateka w'Urugingo n'umwanditsi yatanze umubano.
Urupfu
Nyuma yo gutangaza "imikino iri mu masaro", Lesse yinjiraga mu karorero inkuru, ibisigo, ingingo. Hamwe na Ninon Herman yabaga muri Montagnol, umujyi wa Lugino, mu nzu wubatswe na Elazy na Hans Boder.
Mu 1962, umwanditsi yasuzumwe Leukemia, muri Kanama uwo mu mwaka umwe, Herman Hesse yapfuye azize Hetorhage mu bwonko. Yashyinguwe ku irimbi rya collina d'oro oro.
Bibliografiya
- 1904 - "Peter Kamenzind"
- 1906 - "Casanova yakosowe"
- 1906 - "munsi y'uruziga"
- 1910 - "Gertruda"
- 1913 - "Inkubi y'umuyaga"
- 1913 - Roshalde
- 1915 - "KUNGULP"
- 1918 - "Ubugingo bw'umwana"
- 1919 - "Demian"
- 1922 - Siddhartha
- 1927 - "Impyisi yinyanja"
- 1923 - "Guhindura PICTOTOR"
- 1930 - "Narcissus na Zlatous"
- 1932 - "Urugendo mu gihugu cy'Iburasirazuba"
- 1943 - "Umukino mu masaro"