Ubuzima
Umwanditsi wumunyamerika wungutse icyamamare cyumubabaro wo gusebanya wamashusho ya erotic hamwe nubuzima bwa autobiografi. Ikibazo cya biografiya ya Henry Miller ni urunigi rwimibanire rwubusabane bwurukundo hamwe nurukundo rw'umwanditsi rwagaragaye mu kazi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Mu muryango w'abimukira b'Abadage ba Millers i New York ku ya 26 Ukuboza 1891, umuhungu yavutse, uwo abashakanye bahamagaye, nka se, Henry. Nyuma yaho gato, umuryango wimukiye i Brooklyn, umuhungu akura ku mihanda y'amabara yuzuyemo abantu bazwi cyane.
Umuyobozi w'umuryango yari afite sitidiyo kudoda imyenda y'abagabo, kandi mu buryo Miller ntiyari akeneye. Usibye Henry, abashakanye bari bafite umukobwa muto wa Loretta, barwaye ubwabo. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'ababyeyi, umuvandimwe ukuze yita ku barwayi barwaye.
Kuva mu bwana, umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yari afite impano yo kumukurura abantu no gutangirira mubucuti nabantu batandukanye. Abasabana, gufungura kandi byiza - buri gihe byabaye ubugingo bwikigo. Prose nziza mugihe kizaza, umuhungu yamaze kumva umuhanga ufite ubuhanga nkumwana.
Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye, mu 1990, umusore yinjiye muri kaminuza ya New York. Amahugurwa yamaze amezi abiri gusa. Nta myumvire yo kwigisha, Miller yateye granite ya siyanse. Ntiyabonye umuhamagaro no gukomeza urubanza rwo kudoda.
Bidatinze, umusore urera icyifuzo cyagiye i New York, aho yaturutse ku mwanya wa mbere w'ikigo cya Atlas ". Kandi umusore ushishikaye yakundanye numugore urengeje imyaka 15. Nyuma, umwanditsi yemeye ko itandukaniro ryimyaka ryakandamijwe. Bidatinze, umusore utaziguye yahunze yakundwaga muri Californiya, aho yakoranye na Citrus ya Citrus.
Iki gihe kizaba kuri Henry kwishakisha ubwayo no kuvugwa ubuzima. Urutonde rwibikorwa nibyumba yaburanishije imbaraga byaje gushimisha cyane kandi bitandukanye - kuva mwigisha wa siporo kumukunda.
Nyuma y'inyigisho, Emma Goldman, Henry yasuye muri Californiya, isi nshya ya Kropotkin na Nietzsche filozofiya. Buhoro buhoro guta urukuta kugira ngo rutarengeje imyaka 25, umusore ahisemo kuba umwanditsi, atagira uburambe mu gihe.
Ubuvanganzo
Imirimo y'umwanditsi yabaye udushya mu bitabo by'igihe cy'intambara. Ibitabo by'umwanditsi byinshi byarabujijwe, kogenzurwa ni Lutinoval mu maburayi. Abaterankunga ntibagize ingaruka mbi kandi nta nkoni zo kuvuga kubyerekeye urukundo, ibinezeza bya kamere no kwishakira ubwabo. Abakenguzamateka bagaragaye mu mashya ya Milleler cheurnukhu gusa.
Hagati aho, ibitabo bya Miller - Autobiograpagrapagrapagararuna kandi bifitanye isano rya hafi no kumenya ubuzima nubunararibonye. Filozomity na mubwenge bya prose, ibishushanyo mbonera byimijyi - ibi nibyo bitandukanya ibikorwa byumwanditsi wumunyamerika. Gutsinda ibyaremwa kandi bikagaragara ku bubiko bw'ibitabo by'ibitabo, ibitabo byakiriwe neza kandi byacapwe na miliyoni.
Uburakari buzwi bwari uruziga rw'ibitabo bitatu - "Tropic Tropic", "" isoko y'umukara ". Ibitabo byerekana ibihe byubuzima no kuba umwanditsi. Rero, mu "muti wa kanseri" birabagirana ku biyobowe n'umuryango wa Brooklyn, byananiwe kwakira ubuzima bubi.
Inzozi ze zandikaga igitabo. Inkomoko yinyamaswa zinjira mu ntwari hamwe no kwifuza ibyiza kandi byumwuka. Gukomeza no Gutezimbere igitekerezo cyintwari gihuza ibiranga bidahuye ziboneka muri "Tropric Tropic".
Igice cyanyuma cya trilogya kiranga kimwe no gutangaza kandi biteye ubwoba. Iki nikidomo kijyanye no kwigunga no kubijyanye nubusa kunanirwa guhunga. Umugambi wuzuye umubabaro na filozofiya wibyanditswe.
Ariko, umurimo wo gusebanya cyane wa Miller witwa igitabo "munsi yinzu ya Paris". Hamwe na Brown, umwanditsi asobanura ijoro ryijoro ryumurwa mukuru wubufaransa 30s, hamwe nibisobanuro byose byubwisanzure bwurukundo mumirongo ya swing. Igitabo cyitwa Norman Masterler Erotic nziza Roman.
Izuba rirenze, Miller asiga umwuga wo kwandika kandi atanga irangi. Imirimo yo kwigomeka kw'Abanyamerika ikorwa mu mazi gusa kandi itwara ibihumbi by'amadolari. Mubuzima bwe, Umuremyi ntiyagurishijwe, ariko yahaye abantu bose gusa.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Urukundo, artont, rutavugijwe - ntabwo bitangaje kuba ibitabo bishingiye ku mugambi w'ubuzima bw'umwanditsi, basohotse bafite umucyo. Amateka Yuzuye yumubano wa Miller nabagore buzuye amarangi ibisobanuro byurukundo no gukunda intwari z'ibitabo.
Ishyingiranwa ryambere risozwa numusore mu 1917. Piyano watowe i Brooklyn - Beatris Silvas wikere. Muri ubu bukwe, umwana wambere wumwanditsi - Barbara yagaragaye. Umuryango ntabwo wagenewe kuva kera.
Mu 1924, Miller ahura Jun Edith Smith, wabaye umugore wa kabiri gusa, ahubwo yahinduye n'umugore wahinduye byuzuye isi ya Henry ndetse no mu gisigaye mu buzima bwe bwose. Cari Jun ninde washimangiye ko uwo mwashakanye ategekwa kuva mukazi ka buri munsi no kwitangira guhanga. Umutwaro wo gushaka amafaranga yaguye ku bitugu bye byoroshye. Ariko, mu imari, Miller ntabwo yigeze akomera.
Jun yakomeje gushyigikira umujinya mwinshi. Mu 1926, yari afite igitabo cyumuyaga hamwe na Gin Kronski, watuye hamwe nabashakanye. Henry ishyari ashikamye kandi ntiyihanganira nyirabuja wa Muse, ariko ahatirwa kwihanganira kuboneka kwe. Nyuma, umufana uhagije wumugore we ahuza inzu ya Miller, yizera ko Umwanditsi wimirimo ari Jun.
Mu 1930, Jun yohereje uwo bashakanye i Paris, yizera ko hari ahantu heza ho gutera imbere guhanga, kandi Amerika ihagarika impano yumwanditsi. Ubwa mbere umwanditsi, joeps kuri Joon ye, hanyuma mubuzima bwe mu buzima bwa Anais Ais ning igaragara. Umugore udasanzwe, udasanzwe umugore yashimishije umwanditsi. Anais yatanze ingaruka nziza kubagabo - ubushishozi, ubwenge nubupfumu ntabwo byaretse kutitaho ibintu.
Ariko Miller ntabwo yibagirwa Kamena. Ndetse yatangije abagore babiri igihe Smith yamusuraga i Paris. Duhereye kuriyi nama byari bikwiye gutegereza byinshi, ariko ntabwo aribyabaye mubyukuri. Jun yashimye Anais, amushukaho, ariko ntiyaza gufunga. Ibi byanditswe byera na Nin muri diary, byahawe icyamamare. Mu 1934, Jun kimwe yabajije uwo bashakanye kubyerekeye ubutane, ariko agumaho iteka mumutima we. Iherezo rya Henry na Anais. Kuba umudamu wubatse, umugore ava muri Paris.
Nyuma y'intambara, Henry ntayumvisha nta rukundo yashakanye n'umukobwa wa Janine Lepsk, wahaye uwo bashakanye abana babiri. Nyuma, uwo mwashakanye azasiga umugabo we, amusiga hamwe nabana. By the way, Miller azaba se wuje urukundo kandi wita ku barwayi, yiteguye kwitangira abana.
Umugore ukurikira yari umufana w'impano y'umwanditsi Eva Mclur. Henry ntabwo yitiranya itandukaniro afite imyaka mirongo itatu. Gukusanya umunsi mukuru wa filime i Canunes, umwanditsi yabajije icyemezo cy'umugore we kujyana undi mugore. Ntiyigeze avuga, ariko yarabyaye.
Umudamu wanyuma wumutima numugore we umwanditsi babaye ikiyapani Hoky Hoky Hoky Hoky. Miller yabonye umuririmbyi mu misozi ya Beverly, igihe ibyo bitazihije afite imyaka 30. Henry yaje kuri buri gikora, akomeza gutanga amaboko n'umutima. Na Hoki nanone banze neza. Ariko amaherezo Miller yarenze ku kurwanya umukunzi muto.
Ubukwe bwamaze imyaka 11. Nkuko byari bisangiwe na Hoki Hoki, umubano wagumye Platonike, ariko aha abo bashakanye kurushaho - gusobanukirwa, kwizerana. Umukobwa ntabwo yamenyereye umurimo wumugabo uzwi. Nk'uko Abayapani babitangaza, ntabwo yafunguye igitambara kimwe. Ping pong pong pong.
Amahitamo agezweho ya prosaipi yuje urukundo yagumye ikirango gito venus. Umukobwa yafatwaga nkumukinnyi wa filishi ya Novice. Udakubise amahugurwa ya Miller, Ikirango cyohereje ibaruwa yandikiwe Lekrara akoresheje amafoto. Ibitekerezo by'ubwiza bw'umugore byahise usubiza umukobwa, kandi hazurwa. Mubyukuri, umubano wagarukiraga gusa ku yandikirwa no kwambara platonike. Amabaruwa 1500 yoherejwe numukunzi wanyuma wanyuma, yasohotse nyuma.
Urupfu
Henry Miller yabayeho abagore buzuye, ishyaka kandi bakunda ubuzima.
Izuba rirenze, umwanditsi yahuye na Ana ning. Mu 1976, inshuti n'umurinzi bakunda ishyaka ryagiye ku mugore ugiye gupfa muri ward. Ning yashimiye Henry yo gusurwa, ariko akaba akababazwa nuko atari umushyitsi, ahubwo yari umurwayi. Mu 1977, ning ntiyabikoze.
Ku ya 7 Kamena 1980, mfite imyaka 88, afite imyaka 88, abahimwe bashishikaye umwanditsi w'igisekuru bucece Ugus muri Palisade ya Pasifika muri Californiya.
Imirimo y'umwanditsi iracyakomeza gutangazwa ku isi hose, film irimo gukingirwa uruhare rw'inyenyeri za firime.
Bibliografiya
- 1934 - "Cudar Tropic"
- 1936 - "Isoko yumukara"
- 1939 - "Tropic Capricorn"
- 1941 - "munsi y'inzu ya Paris"
- 1941 - "Ubwenge Bwumutima"
- 1949 - "SOMUS"
- 1953 - "Plexus"
- 1960 - "Nexus"