Ubuzima
Imyaka iteye ubwoba y'intambara y'isi yose hamwe na Nazism yakoze ku muryango wose mu Burusiya. Ubugome buteye ubwoba bwa Fashiste bwatumye hategurwa imitunganyirize y'ingando zakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, inkambi z'urupfu. Kimwe muri ibyo hantu ni icyegeranyo. Ariko imfungwa z'Abasoviyeti zashoboye kuzamura imyigaragambyo no gusenya aho imfungwa ibihumbi. Kuva kera, feat feat ya intwari yagumye mu gicucu. Gusa mumyaka myinshi ishize, ubuzima bwa Alexander Perchersky burazwi.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ku ya 22 Gashyantare 1909, Sasha Perchersky yavukiye mu mujyi wa Kremenchug - umuhungu wateguwe nigihe cyo kuba intwari nikimenyetso cyubutero cyabayahudi.
Se w'umuhungu yakoraga nk'umwunganira, yari afite imizi y'Abayahudi. Mu 1915, umuryango wimukiye muri Rostov-ON - Don, Alexandre azafatwa nk'umwer wabo. Hano umuhungu arangiza uburezi rusange hamwe namashuri ya muzika.
Nyuma y'ishuri, umusore yabonye amashanyarazi ku gihingwa cyo gusana steam-kandi kandi yahawe amashuri makuru, amaze kurangiza amashuri makuru ya Leta ya Rostov.
Perhelisk, mubindi, yagumye umuntu uhanga. Mu mahoro, yayoboye ibikorwa byubuhanzi - uruziga rutangaje.
Umuganda
Imbere, Alexander Perchersky yibasiye iminsi yambere yintambara. Muri Nzeri 1941, umusirikare w'Abasoviyeti yakiriye izina rya Liyetona kandi akomeza imirwano mu rwego rw'abarimbuzi ku ngabo za 19 z'ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti.
Mu Kwakira 1941, Liyetona, mu bihumbi magana ibihumbi, byakikijwe na Vyazma. Gutsindwa kw'ibiza mu bikorwa byo kwirwanaho by'ingabo zitukura byatumye hapfa igice cya kabiri cy'abasirikare b'Abasoviyeli miliyoni, kandi ntibategereje inkunga.
Alegizandere hamwe na bagenzi bawe, atajugunye umuyobozi wakomeretse cyane, yagerageje guca mu bidukikije bya Fashisti. Ariko amakarito yarangiye nkimbaraga zo guhangana. Ubwanyuma, kurugamba rwababi rwarangiye gukomeretsa nubunyage.
Mu gusoza iyo ndwara na tifoyide no kugorana, mu 1942, hamwe n'ibiciro bine, umurwanyi ugerageza guhunga umurwanyi. Kutumvira nk'ututubayeho, Butakar y'Abasoviyeti yohereje igihano cya Phorussia. Nyuma yibyo, perchersky igwa mu nkambi y'abakozi ba minsk ya SS.
Kugaragara kwa mwansi ntabwo byaretse imizi yabayahudi. Ariko, Minsk yarakinguye rwose. Dukurikije amakuru amwe - hamwe nisuzuma ryubuvuzi, ukurikije abandi, ukurikije amadini yabahamuriza-abamwemvumu. Inzira imwe cyangwa irindi, urungano rukarishye mubyitwara "abaselizi b'Abayahudi" - munsi yo munsi aho atuye.
Ku ya 18 Nzeri, Alegizandere, hamwe n'abandi Bayahudi, boherejwe mu nkambi nziza ya kurimburwa - Sobibori, aho hantu, nta muntu wasubizwaga.
Kwigomeka muri Sobibor
Sobiboru yari iy'inkambi y'urupfu. Mu buryo butandukanye n'abandi, byubatswe gusa n'intego imwe - vuba bishoboka kandi bike kurimbura Abayahudi. Imfungwa zaje hano imbaga, kandi mu isaha ya mbere abanyantege nke bajya mu cyumba cya gaze. Abasekeje, babayeho igihe gito. Bakoreshwaga nkumurimo, ariko ntamuntu wari ugiye kugaburira.
Perhersky yinjiye mu cyegeranyo ahita amenya ko ikibanza ari itike yo mu buryo bumwe. Ibindi bisohoka, usibye gupfa, ntabwo bigenewe hano. Hanyuma yahisemo kugerageza kwiruka. Gusa guhunga bisanzwe ntabwo bizaganisha kubintu byose. Kugerageza bimaze kumwiyegurira. Birakenewe gutegura imyigaragambyo imfungwa zifatanije kandi zisenya abarimbi benshi bashoboka. Ngiyo amahirwe yonyine yo gukiza. Ibyo ari byo byose, urupfu ruracya byanze bikunze, reka byibuze bikwiriye.
Mugihe cyumuryango wo kwivuza, Perchersky yamaze ibyumweru bitatu mu nkambi. Ariko yemeje byinshi mu mfungwa. Amahugurwa yo kudoda yari mu nkambi, yakorewe imyenda y'abanazi. Hafashishijwe gushuka ubwenge bw'amasezerano y'imyambarire myiza ahenze yahageze no mu ishyaka rikurikira rya imfungwa, no kurenga abo bahanganye, inzira imwe, intwaro zishushanyije.
Ku ya 14 Ukwakira 1943, imbohe zatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda. Ku cyiciro cya mbere, byashobokaga kurimbura Abanazi 11 n'abashinzwe umutekano w'Ubwongereza bafashaga abafasi. Kugurisha intwaro, imfungwa zahise zijyanwa mu bwisanzure mu bwisanzure, ushyira umuhanda ujya muri Torades.
Muri icyo kigo hari ingando zari zigororotse. Abantu 130 bari abanyantege nke cyangwa bafite ubwoba banga kwitabira gutoroka. Bukeye barimbutse. Muri Leta yo mu myigaragambyo, abantu 80 barapfuye, abandi 170 basanze kandi baguye bunyamaswa mu mashyamba no mu turere.
Igice cy'abacitse ku icumu Alexander Perchersky yateye kuri Belorussia, ari naho yinjiye muri Parkosi ya Shkas. Birazwi ko intambara babayemo imfungwa 53 zahoze ari imfungwa zakijijwe na Sashko Pachersk.
Abanazi, badashobora kubaho isoni, babaruye icyambu hasi maze bamena inkambi y'ubusitani. Gusa amafoto ashaje yo mububiko yibutswe kubaho k'urupfu rw'imfungwa ibihumbi.
Umuteguro w'imyigaragambyo ubwayo yagumye imbere kugeza intambara irangiye. Mu ikubitiro, nk'uko imfungwa y'intambara yaje kuri standarbat. Hanyuma arakomereka, amara amezi ane mu bitaro kandi arahagarikwa.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mugihe cyo kuvurwa mubitaro bya gisirikare, intwari yahuye numugore uzaza wa Olga Côte. Nyuma y'intambara, abashakanye bakiri bato basubira mu kavukire bajya kuri Alexandre rostov-on - don, aho yamaze ubuzima bwe bwose. Abashakanye bavutse ari umukobwa wenyine, nyuma umwuzukuru agaragara.
Feat ya Perhersky yacecetse mu gihugu cye. Mu 1987, film "ihunze cyane" yaje ku isi. Uruhare rwumuteguro wa iyo myigaragambyo rwakozwe na Rutger Hauer. Ifoto yabaye impingavu, kandi Hauer yakiriye "isi ya zahabu" ku ruhare rwa Sashko Pachersk. Nkumuturage wo muri icyo gihe, intwari y'intambara kuri Premiere ya Filime yo mu mahanga ntiyarekuwe. Perhelis yitirirwa intwari zemewe muri Isiraheli, urwibutso rwo kuri Sasko rwashyizwe ahari.
Mu Burusiya, igitabo gito cyibuka intwari yintambara "intambwe yo kudapfa". Hagati y'ibihumbi bibiri, Alexander Pechersky Foundation yateguwe. Kantantin Khabensky, yambuye impaka nkumuyobozi, yakuyeho filime "Sobibor" kubyerekeye ubutwari nubutwari, byaje guha akazi muri Gicurasi 2018.
Urupfu
Alexander Perchersky ntabwo yabaye mu 1990. Ifunze kugeza ku myaka 80, Alexandre Aronovich yavuye mu buzima bwe mu mujyi yavukiyemo kuri Don. Yashyinguwe kandi mu irimbi ryo mu majyaruguru.
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'urupfu rwa SEVER rwa SERIVER, mu 2007, icyapa cyagaragaye ku nzu yabaga. Muri 2015, mu rwego rwo guha icyubahiro pechersk, umuhanda w'umujyi kavukire witiriwe. Amaherezo, muri 2016, umwuzukuru w'intwari yahawe n'amaboko ya Perezida yubashye mu myaka myinshi ishize mu nkambi y'urupfu yo kugira ubutwari.
Kwibuka na ibihembo
- 1951 - Umudari "Kurwanya Imfuruka"
- Umudari "wo gutsinda Ubudage mu ntambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu 1941-1945."
- 2013 - "gahunda y'icyubahiro kuri Repubulika ya Polonye"
- 2016 - "Iteka ry'ubutwari"
- 2007 - yashyizeho icyapa cyo kwibuka ku nzu ya Alexander Perchersky
- 2012 - Urwibutso kuri Alexandre Perchersky muri Tel Aviv
- 2014 - Gufungura izina Inyenyeri ku Inyenyeri Yitegereza Rostov-ON-Don »
- 2015 - Mu cyubahiro cya Alexander Perkiersk, witwaga Umuhanda muri Rostov-On-Don
- 2016 - Mu rwego rwo kubahiriza Alexandre Perchersky witwa Kremenchug
- 2018 - Mu cyubahiro cya Alexandre Perchersky witwaga Umuhanda i Moscou