Richard Zorg - Biografiya, Ifoto, Umuvugizi wumuntu, feat

Ubuzima

Richard Zorge - Intwari ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, Abaskuti. Yari azwi nkumuntu wize, uringaniye, ushoboye imishyikirano iyo ari yo yose. Filime zifata amashusho kuri feat ya Zorga, andika ibitabo. Nkikimenyetso cyicyubahiro nububiko bw'iteka, byitwa imihanda no kwiyegurira inzibutso.

Mu bwana n'urubyiruko

Richard Zerge yavutse ku ya 4 Ukwakira 1896 mu mudugudu wa Sabunnichi Baku mu ntara y'Ubudage ya Gustav Wilhelm Richard Zorge. Papa yakoraga kuri Nobeli, aho yihariye mu musaruro wa peteroli. Umubyeyi wa Nina Stepanovna Kobelev - hamwe n'imizi yo mu Burusiya, yakuriye mu muryango w'umukozi wa gari ya moshi.

Richard Zorg mu bwana (gupfukama kuri se)

Zorge yanditse mu mibereho ye ko umuryango we (cyane cyane ku murongo wa Se) ufite ubwenge, hamwe n'imyitwarire y'impinduramatwara yashizeho. Ibi biterwa n'intangasi yo mu 1848, aho sogokuru na ba kavu na babyara babyara. Duhereye ku nyandiko za Richard, hazwi ko mu bwana bwatsinzwe mu Budage: utuje, mu muryango mugari mugari.

Zorge yize kuri Realsckule mu Budage, ariko ntiyabonye amashuri yisumbuye - mu 1914, umukorerabushake yagiye imbere y'intambara ya mbere y'isi yose mu ngabo z'Ubudage. Yagize uruhare mu ntambara, inshuro zirenze imwe yakomeretse.

Mu 1917, Richard Zerge, yakomeretse muri Königsberg, kubera ibyo yagumye ahagarariye (ukuguru kumwe ni kirekire, undi ni ngufi). Kubera iyo mpamvu, yirukanwe. Igihe yari i Lazaret, Zorge yahinduye neza ibitekerezo bye ku bamuganisitiri.

Muri icyo 1917, Zorge yashoboye gufata icyemezo cyamashuri yisumbuye, hanyuma nyuma impamyabumenyi irangiye. Friedrich Wilhelm mu 1918. Hanyuma yinjira muri kaminuza i Kiyeli, yiga mu ishami ry'ubumenyi rusange. Kandi i Hamburg, yarekuwe afite urugero rwa muganga w'igihugu n'itegeko, nyuma yahawe impamyabumenyi mu bukungu.

Umuganda

Mu 1918, ubwigomeke bw'umusare bwatangiriye mu mujyi wa Kiyeli, aho Richard Zerge yagize uruhare rutaziguye, akora intwaro z'abaturage. Igihe impinduramatwara yatangirira i Berlin, yabaye umwete mu mitego. Kubwibyo, abayobozi bohereje Zorge mu mujyi.

I Hamburg, Richard Zorge Copagande Akazi kohujwe numunyamakuru. Kuva mu 1920, yabaye umwarimu w'ikinyamakuru cyo mu ishyaka muri Solingun. Byongeye kandi, yabaye umushakashatsi mu kigo cy'ubushakashatsi bw'imibereho i Frankfurt.

Mu 1924, Komite Nyobozi y'Ubukomunisiti Mpuzamahanga yatumiye Zorge i Moscou, aho yatangiye gukora mu ishami rishinzwe amakuru. Kandi nanone yari umukozi w'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi hagati.

Richard Zorge mu bitaro nyuma yo gukomeretsa

Muri icyo gihe, Zorgga yatsinze umunyamakuru, asenya impande z'imitwe y'impinduramatwara muri Amerika n'Ubudage. Izi ngingo zagaragaye ku mpapuro z '"ubukungu bw'isi na politiki y'isi", "mpuzamahanga".

Mu 1929, Richard Zorge yakoranye n'ishami rishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku bakozi n'ingabo zitukura z'abakozi, aho abatware be bari J. K. P. P. UNISTKY. Mu 1930, umusirikare ushinzwe iperereza yageze i Shanghai ayoboye Pseudonym Ramzai atangira gukundana. Umwe muri bo - hamwe n'imitwe ya SLLANZAKi, wakoraga nk'umunyamakuru mu Buyapani kandi akurikiza amasoko y'abakomunisiti. Abayapani babaye umwe mu batavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi ba Zorge.

Kugeza mu 1933, Richard yashoboye kubona amakuru y'ingenzi ku byerekeye abajyanama ba gisirikare b'Abadage kandi bagatanga ibitekerezo bifatika ko Amerika izashimangira vuba umwanya mu mahanga.

Mu Buyapani, Richard Zorge yahageze muri Nzeri 1933 nk'umukozi w'ikinyamakuru kinini cy'Ubudage cyacapishijwe: "Frankfurt Rundshaung". " Yashoboye kubona ambasade y'Ububanyi mu mahanga.

Mu 1938, ubushake bw'imanza za Richard Zoroge bwashoboye kubaho muri iyo mpanuka. Ibi bihe byabangamiye gutura, ariko umuyobozi wubutasi yashoboye kugeza ibisabwa byose bya Max Clausen, byari bikaze mu itsinda ry'abatasi. Richard yari afite impapuro z'ibanga n'amadorari. Umuskuti yari azi neza ko Clausen ageze. Byongeye kandi, Radio Lane yajyanye impapuro zose munzu hamwe no kumvikana bigaragara.

Kugeza mu 1941, itsinda ry'ubutasi ryakomeje ibikorwa mu Buyapani. Yateguwe kuva ku mubare udahagije w'amakuru y'indahemuka kandi w'ingirakamaro, ariko ntibibaye. Hafi ya 1940, Zorge ubwe yavuze ko yiteguye kuva avuye mu Buyapani, ariko hafashwe umwanzuro wo kumwishyura igihe kirekire, nk'uko Richard yari ajyanye na Richard.

Mu 1941, amakuru ajyanye n'igitero gishoboka cy'Ubudage mu Burusiya yaje kuri Zorge. Intambara yumuringiteri yateguwe adasobanura itariki nyayo. Yabashije kandi kumenya ko kugeza mu 1942, guverinoma y'Ubuyapani ntabwo yaganiriye ku ntambara n'imvugo. Amaze kumenya ibi, ingabo z'Uburusiya zagabanije ingabo zifata nk'izo zo gushimangira uburinzi bw'imisiku. Umurwa mukuru washoboye kurengera.

Ubuzima Bwihariye

Richard Zorg yari afite abagore babiri, abana ubuzima, ubwenge ntibugiye. Christina Gerlaki ni izina ryambere, Zorge yahukanye na we mu 1926, igihe yavaga mu Budage.

Hamwe n'umugore wa kabiri, Maximovaya Catherine Zorga byemewe n'umubano mu 1933. Mu 1942, umugore yatawe muri yombi asaba kuvugana n'abanzi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Catherine yakoraga iryo jambo mu karere ka Krasnoyarsk, kandi harapfa.

Mu ishyingiranwa ridasanzwe, Richard yabanye na Khanko Issi. Birazwi ko nyuma yo kurangiza ikiyapani, kugeza ubuzima bwe burangiye, yasuye imva ya Zorge, kandi yashyize ahagaragara muri minisiteri y'ingabo mu mihango yapfuye.

Urupfu

Kuva mu Kwakira 1941, abagize gutura bashyizwe ahagaragara, muri yombi abantu benshi batangiye. Ku ya 18 Mu gusoza byaje Richard Zorge. Abapolisi b'Abayapani bateguye gushakisha amazu y'abitabiriye amahugurwa basanga inyandiko zirimo zibangamiye, zisobanura nyuma yo kubazwa ingingo. Bimaze gushingira ku butumwa bwangiritse, Zorge.

Khanko Issis Imva ya Richard Zorg mu Irimbi Tama, Tokiyo

Dukurikije imwe muri verisiyo, Richard Zorge ntabwo yamenye icyaha, aganira ku bufatanye n'umuryango w'Abadage, ariko atari kumwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti. Hitler yemeye gusubiza umugambanyi mu Budage. N'Ubuyapani bwemeye gusubira muri Zorge mu mfungwa nyinshi za politiki.

Ariko, ibi ntibyabaye, Stalin ntabwo yemeye ibisabwa n'Ubuyapani, kubera ko atigeze atekereza ko ibyago byo kubura icyo gihe cy'Abaskuti. Hariho ibitekerezo ibi biterwa no kumenya ko Zorge murimwe mu nkiko zubufatanye na USSR. Stalin ntiyashoboraga kubabarira ibi. Mu 1943, byafashwe byemezo ku mugaragaro gusohoza Richard Zorge. Umwaka umwe, i Tokiyo muri gereza "Sgamo" ku ya 7 Ugushyingo, imyanzuro yarakozwe.

Igishimishije, mugihe kinini leta yigihugu yahakanye agaciro ka Zerge. Mu 1964, yahawe umutwe w'intwari y'ubumwe bw'Abasoviyeti nyuma y'urupfu rwera ashimira Khrushchev. Uyu munsi, firime zitazibagirana ziboneka mucyubahiro cya Feat of Ushinzwe ubutanganizi bizwi, film itazibagirana. Uruhare rwa Zorga ku ishusho ya nyuma ni irya Alexander domogarov

Kwibuka

1954 - "Guhemukira Ubudage \ Urubanza Dr. Zorge"
1961 - "Uri nde, Dr. Zorge?"
1985 - "Intambara ya Moscou"
2003 - "SPY ZERGE"
2009 - "Inkuru Live. Richard Zorge. Umuturage utizeraga "
2018 - "Zorge"