Ubuzima
Paul Verlin ni umusizi wumufaransa, uhagarariye neza ubuvanganzo, nkimyizerere n'imiterere, nk'uko bivugwa, nk'uko byimyaka mirongo - imyaka icumi. Ibisigo bye birakomeye, umuziki, byateguwe muburyo budasanzwe - hamwe no kwibanda ku myuka y'umugore, itangwa ry'ijwi ryihariye no gusubiramo. Relone irashobora kwitwa ibisigo byimpinduramatwara nigisibo.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Yavutse Paul-Marie Verllen mu mujyi wa Metz. Byabaye ku ya 30 Werurwe 1844. Ababyeyi b'umuhungu - Nicolas-Aucolas Verlin, umutware w'ingabo z'abahanganye, na Eliza-juli Joseph-Stephanie Dee. Data - Igisirikare, kandi ibi bivuze ko umuryango ugiye utera umuryango. Iburyo bwabaga i Metz, Montpellier, Nimea, set. Batuye ahantu hamwe, i Batinale, mu nkengero za Paris, ari uko se w'umuryango yeguye.
Kwandika ibisigo Pawulo yatangiye afite imyaka 14, mu 1858. Noneho umuhungu ahuye akora na Hugo, Banville, Gauthier, Bodler, Lekonta de Lily, Glade. Umusizi ukiri muto nubwo yatinyuka kwandika Hugo no kohereza mu ibaruwa igisigo cye "urupfu".
Verlene yiganje kwiga mu nzu ya Landry, hanyuma muri Lyceum Bona Pocc. Mu 1860, umusore yahuye na Edmon Lepalet, mugihe kizaza kizahinduka inshuti, ibihangano hamwe numusazi. Mu 1862, imari y'umuryango wa Verminov yarababajwe, kandi Pawulo, asanzwe ahinduka ibidukikije, yinjira mu ishuri n'ubutaka ku birombo, yizeye ko azagera muri Minisiteri y'imari.
Nubwo hashyizweho ingufu zo gukosora imibereho myiza yumuryango, yatangiye ubuzima bwa Bohemi. Umusore anywa, agenda mu mazu rusange, asoma Buchner ("imbaraga n'ikibazo"), yasuye Salon Salon ya Mariquise de Ricar, ufite icyerekezo cya republika. Muri iyi salon, Theodore de Banville, Augusk Villa de Lill-atan, jua Mariaddy, José Maria Ea, wabaye abo mu bagizi ba nabi.
Muri Kanama 1863, mu kinyamakuru "Gusubiramo iterambere", hashyirwaho umusizi ukiri muto gushyikirizwa Urukiko rw'abasomyi ku nshuro ya mbere - Sonnet "Bwana GLUDE". Muri icyo gihe, umusigo, avugana cyane nicyumba kizaza, akora ubanza mumiryango yubwishingizi, hanyuma muri Paris yumujyi wa Paris.
Ku gusiba 1865, se wumurima arapfa. Muri Mata 1866, imirongo umunani ya villine ifite umwanya wazo mu kibazo cya cyenda cy'ikinyamakuru cya Parna cya none, giha Alphonse Levere. No mu Gushyingo muri uwo mwaka, imbaraga za Lemer na Kurina Mline, Eliza Monkombl (mu ishyingiranwa rya Duzardden), icyegeranyo cya mbere cya Vilna "kigaragara. Mu 1867, urupfu rwa Elise mu 1867, Pawulo yari afite impungenge cyane, ashakisha agakiza hepfo ya glade.
Ubuvanganzo
Nyuma y '"saturn ibisigo", byinjiye kandi bihebuje mu miterere yabo "indirimbo y'imihindo", ubuzima bwo guhanga bwa Vilan bunguka. Mu 1867, umusizi afatanya n'ikinyamakuru cya Saitir "Zhuk". Mu 1868, bahujwe n'idini, ritanga igitabo cy '"Abakobwa bakundana", ibyo bikaba bishingiye ku myumvire bikangiza no kurimbura urukiko. Ikigaragara ni uko imivugo iri mu "Bakobwa" yeguriwe umubano wa lesbiyani.
Igitabo cya kabiri cya kimwe mu basizi bakomeye mu gifaransa bita "Umunsi mukuru w'igice" urasohoka mu 1869. Umwaka umwe, gukusanya ubutaha kugaragara - "indirimbo nziza", yeguriwe umugore waje ikiruhuko.
Mu gihe cya komini ya Paris, Verlene akora mu biro by'Abavoka, mu ishami rishinzwe ishyari. Yanditse igitabo cye cya kane cyo gutembera mu Bwongereza n'Ububiligi mu 1872-1873, kandi mu mucyo "akarengana nta magambo" yirengagije mu 1874.
Icyamamare hamwe nabasomyi biracyishimira igisigo muri iki cyegeranyo "umutima utuje urarira." Birababaje kubona ubwitonzi budasanzwe bwa villon ibisigo biragoye cyane gutanga mugihe yimukiye mu rundi rurimi, ndetse no ku kirusiya gikize.
Mu myaka 1874, Pauline yanditse "ibihangano by'ibisigo" - ubwoko bwa Manifesto ibisigo bishya by'Abafaransa. Izina ryakunze kwandika kuri kamere, hamwe nubutaka bwe bukwiranye byuzuye kanone zangiza, zigaragarira cyane cyane imiterere yubugingo. Uyu niwo murimo wuruzitiro rwumurongo utagira ingano ", gukubita bimaze kuba muburyo bwikirusiya ahantu nyaburanga ari" gushushanya "nta nshinga imwe idafite inshinga imwe.
Mu mpera za 1870, Relone ivugurura indangagaciro, harimo kwizera Imana. Ingaruka zo kuvugurura ibyihutirwa zihinduka igitabo "Ubwenge", cyasohotse mu 1881. Mu 1885, gukusanya ibisigo "rimwe kandi vuba aha" byakurikiwe n "ubwenge" mu 1885, ibihangano by'ibisigo ", hamwe no gukusanya ingingo z'ibitabo" abasizi ". Umwanditsi w'ingingo, nk'uko umwanditsi w'ingingo abivuga, nk'uko umwanditsi w'ingingo abivuga, yinjiye mu mucuruzi ubwe, Arthur Rambo hamwe n'umurongo wane.
Imbuto zikurikira zo guhanga idubu zirashobora kwirata imyizerere idasanzwe, yuzuye: ibyegeranyo "urukundo" mu 1888, "umunezero" n '"indirimbo" zo mu 1891. Mu nzira, "ubwenge", "urukundo" n '"umunezero" bigize tratulic scilogique idasanzwe.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Imyaka icumi, inshuti ye, ishyaka rye, ububabare bwe - Artur Rambo yari Vilan. Umusore Razbo mu 1871 yabonaga ubutwari maze andika umusizi umaze kumenyekana muri kiriya gihe, yongeraho imivugo ye. Kandi yahise ahabwa ubutumire i Paris, kandi ikintu gishimishije kuba Amenistan yishyuye umusore.
Impano yo mu Ntara na Kugget yamenye benshi, ariko imico ye yasize byinshi kugirango yifuze. Biratoroshye, ikinyabupfura, kidahwitse, Rembo yigaruriye umutwe kandi ashobora no kuyiyobora kumuryango, gutandukana numugore we Matilda, mugihe cyo gukundana numugabo we umaze kubyara umusizi wintara asanzwe yibaruka umuhungu we.
Igisubizo cyurugendo ruhuriweho ni Umuroma naho Rembo yabaye "urukundo rudafite amagambo", kandi - igihano cyo gufungwa n'umuhanda ugejejejega Imana. Irekuwe, verlene mu 1875 yagarutse na Rambo. Itariki yo muri Stuttgart yarangiye hamwe natongana, atanga ingingo mubucuti bwinshuti ebyiri kandi, kubihuha, abakunzi.
Urupfu
Umugore yarasabye kandi akira ubutane, ibitabo byose byakurikiyeho by'umwanditsi ntibyatsinzwe - noneho n'indaya, hanyuma hamwe n'uwahoze ari umubyinnyi. Verlene yanyoye cyane, ubuzima bwe bwasigaye byinshi.
Mu mpera z'ubuzima, igihe cyose Pawulo yamaze mu bitaro. Ku ya 8 Mutarama 1896, Umusizi Mukuru w'Ubufaransa yapfiriye kuva amaraso ya lubmoni.
Bibliografiya
Ibisasu
- 1866 - "Umuvugo wa Saturn"
- 1869 - "Umunsi mukuru wa galant"
- 1870 - "Indirimbo idahwitse"
- 1874 - "Urukundo tudafite amagambo"
- 1881 - "Ubwenge"
- 1885 - "Rimwe kandi vuba aha"
- 1888 - "Urukundo"
- 1889 - "Mubiri
- 1891 - "Ibyishimo"
- 1891 - "Indirimbo kuri"
- 1892 - "Ifunguro Ry'ifunguro"
- 1894 - "Epigram" (icyegeranyo cya nyuma cyubuzima bwa verlene).
Prose
- 1884 - "Abasizi bavumwe"
- 1886 - "ICYEMEZO CY'UMUGUPURWA"
- 1891 - "Ibitaro byanjye"
- 1893 - "Gereza yanjye"