Ubuzima
Jean Coctet yitwaga Igifaransa cya Oscar Wilde: icyerekezo kimwe, imyenda minini n'umubare munini wa aphoririsims. Umwanditsi n'umuyobozi azunguruka muri epineri yubuzima bwumuco wa Paris, yinjije muri salowalism nshya na Dadasis, bageragejwe no guhindura ubwenge - na hypnotic trans-opium no kurota. Jean yateye ubwoba cyane, ariko yagumye umuhanzi ukomeye wagerageje gushaka ibisubizo by'ibibazo by'iteka.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Jean yavukiye mu mujyi wa Meson-Luffit munsi ya Paris mu muryango wabantu bashinzwe, bitandukanye no guhanga. Data, wakoze umwuga wumwuga, ashushanyije neza kurwego rwa sateur. Igihe umuhungu yujuje imyaka 9, yazanye Abacus mubuzima. Ibirori mubujyakuzimu bwubugingo bwatunguye Jean, ejo hazaza azahamagarira urupfu rwa "mukundwa" kandi tuzakora iyi ngingo yo hagati mubikorwa byinshi.
Sogokuru yari uburere no gushinga umwana, kugena umwuzukuru muri kimwe muri toropolitan nziza nziza. Umugabo yagendaga mu muziki, yateguwe mu gitaramo cy'urugo, yari umukunwa - harimo no guterana kwa muzika, amashusho na Ezhen DelaCroix na Jean Engr, ndetse n'ibishusho by'Abagereki.
Kurema
Jean Cocteo hamwe na ferertor yinjije ahantu hatandukanye nubuhanzi. Yagerageje uruhare rwumusizi na prose, umucuranzi numuhanzi, bagerageje imbaraga muri sinema.
Kwihanganira ubuzima bwa koketo ni imisatsi. Nkuko umusizi yagiriye igitabo cye mu 1906, ibisigo bya mbere by'i "itara rya Alladina", "umutware w'igikomangoma" "," Sofokla "yavuye mu ibaba. Ibisigo umwanditsi yasuzumye ishingiro ryubuhanzi, ibyegeranyo byagiye mubuzima. Ibitabo bizwi cyane - "Inkoranyamagambo" "" Leon "," injyana y'ikigereki ".
Muri Opera "Opera", umusizi atanga imbaraga zo gukiza, n'impamvu za Dadasis zikurikiranwa mumirongo. Izuba rirenze, Jean Cocteo yasaga naho ari we yitonze vuba, amaze gukora igisigo "Requiem" umwaka umwe ku mwaka, yunze ubumwe mu byerekezo nyamukuru by guhanga umutwe.
Mu kigo cy'ubuhanzi, umusore yaje hagati ya 1910. Nabonye nkamenyereye Marseille Pristom, Pablo Picasso, Eric Sati, Edith Piaf. Kugeza icyo gihe, Jean yajugunye mu buhanzi bwa kera, ariko ayobowe na Prut na Sergey Dyagileev batangiye kuvugurura ibitekerezo. Umwanditsi n'umukinnyi w'igitabazi witwa Cocteo gukorana na ballet yo mu Burusiya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Jean yanditse Libretto kuri iki gikorwa. Ibangikanye, imirimo yavutse kubikorwa no mubindi bibanza.
Mu 1913, Jean yamenyereye umurimo wa Igor Stravinsky, ndetse yinjiye mu ruziga rw'inshuti z'abahitiwe uzwi. Nyuma yimyaka itanu yeguriye Igor Mikhaiavich igitabo "Potib".
Uruhare rwikinamico ntirwigize ingaruka ku bato. Cockto yaranze intangiriro yo gushiraho imikorere yubwoko bushya, bwerekanye ibintu "ibisekuruza byatakaye", n'imigenzo yose yarahakanye. Rero, muri tandem hamwe na eccentric sati na Picasso, Jean mu 1917 yerekanye ballet ya Vanguard-Garde ". Bwa mbere kubyapa, ijambo uburezi bwijambo ryagaragaye. Ibintu bya siporo na Acrobatics byakoreshejwe.
Gutekereza ku mwanditsi byashinzwe kuyoborwa na Sati. Koketo yise umuziki w'uwahimbye kandi urumvikana, gukunda umucuranzi byagaragaye mu gitabo "Isake na Harlequin." Ariko, hagati ya 20s-20s, Avant-abahinzi bamaze kunenga mu nyandiko "guhamagarira gahunda".
Jean yarashimishijwe n'imigani ya kera, yatangiye kwandika ibice bya "Antigona", "Tsar Edip", "imodoka ya Hellish" mu buryo bushya. Ikomeye, nk'uko abashakashatsi, bari umugani wa Theee. Iki gikinisho nikintu cyo guhanga umutwe.
Muri icyo gihe, umusizi nawe ahinduka prose - umurimo wa mbere wabaye igitabo "Samozvanaya Toma", aho Jean asangiye ibitekerezo bye ku ntambara ya mbere y'isi yose. Ukuri kwishimishije: Ntakintu na kimwe mubyo yanditse ku nyandiko ze kurutonde rwatandukanye na mugenzi wawe - insanganyamatsiko n'amashusho bizerera mu gitabo. Ariko, inzu ifite agaciro kashya "abana bateye ubwoba" (1929), aho intwari zipfa, kandi nta mahirwe yo kurenga "ibyatsi bibi byabana."
Mbere y'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, sitasiyo y'ikimenyetso cyoroheje ku gice "Kutitaho inda" byeguriwe Edith Piaf. Premiere yo gukina yabereye muri "buff-paisen". Mu gihe cy'intambara hamwe na Nazis, Jean yitandukanije no kuba mu mpuhwe zatangajwe na Hitler ndetse no gukora amabwiriza ku bayirimo. Muri Diary yaranditse ati:
"Muri Hitler, dufite umusizi udahabwa gusobanukirwa n'abantu."Muri rusange, mu gitabo cya kabiri cy'isi, yafashe imbuto, arekura ibitabo bibiri ashyira amasahani eshanu.
Mu ruziga rw'inyungu z'umufaransa harimo gushushanya. Yeretse nka gahunda ifite impano. Mu ntangiriro z'imyaka 20, alubumu y'imitini ya Jean, yatangiye avuga:
"Abasizi ntibashushanya. Basa nkaho bakuramo inyandiko zabo kandi bongeye kuyihambira nubundi buryo. "Coco yagereranije gushushanya hamwe nakazi k'umwanditsi - yagerageje kwimurira impapuro ntiyigeze mbona, ariko inararibonye ku bunararibonye bwe. By'umwihariko watsinze ubwoko bwa portrait.
Mubuzima bwa Jean Kokto inzira yingenzi yatanze imbaraga n'amarangamutima. Iyi ni sinema. Umugabo ubwe yabyanditse ibintu na we akora umuyobozi. Ishusho ya mbere y'amaraso yasizwe yakuweho mu 1930, ishyira intangiriro ya trilogy ku ngingo y'umugani w'Abagani ivuga ku mucuranzi n'umusizi wa TOPHY. Ibikorwa by'umugani wagize ubu.
Hanyuma nicara mu buyobozi bw'umuyobozi nyuma y'intambara. Umwanditsi yashyizeho filime ishingiye ku mugani "ubwiza ninyamaswa", itumira inshingano nyamukuru zumunsi wa Jozette na Jean Mare. Amashusho arimo amashusho "Inkombe Yimitwe ibiri", "Ababyeyi bateye ubwoba", ndetse no gukomeza Amerika "Offee" na "Testa" ya "Orphea" na "Testa". Tape yanyuma irazwi ko iyi ari yo yifotoza y'umwanditsi kandi iterwa inkunga na Francois Truffo, umufana ushishikaza wa Cokto.
Umuyobozi wanyuze muri iyi kinamico kwizera kumenya ko indorerwamo ari portal kubindi bipimo, bifasha byinjira mugihe n'umwanya. Ishusho ya Ofephesu yagaragaje Jean Mare. Intwari aba munzu yigihugu hamwe numugore we yakundaga Euridic, Marie Dea acuranga.
Amezi make mbere y'urupfu rwa Jean yerekanye film iheruka. Babaye kaseti ngufi "ubutumwa bwa Jean Cocteau, bagejejejwe kuri 2000." Umwanditsi niyo mico yonyine yishusho, ijurira ibisekuruza bizaza hamwe nijambo. Hano yongeye kwerekana ubushobozi bwo kuvuga neza. Imenyerewe kandi inshuti zivuga ko Jean avuga neza kurusha abantu bose mu Bufaransa.
Abakomoka ku mwanditsi basize umwanditsi n'igitabo cy'inyandiko ya Memoya "Kwibuka" (1935), aho koketo avuga ku myaka y'abakinnyi, abanditsi b'ikimenyetso. Agereranya ubuzima nubuntu "imikorere myiza" kandi yishimira ko byabaye umuntu ukora.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwa muntu Jean Cockt ntabwo yigeze yihisha, yari ibitsina byombi. Imyaka ibiri yabanaga n'Uburusiya Natalia Palei. Urukundo rwinshi rwabaye ku mwanditsi mwiza cyane Reimen Radia, hanyuma kugeza igihe urupfu rugizwe n'imibanire na Jean Mare.
Inkuru y'urukundo rw'umwanditsi n'umukinnyi yatangiye mu 1937 - Abashakanye bahuriye muri Paris THEATER ", aho yateguraga gutunga ikinamico ya Jean" Umwami Ede ". Mare yatsinze umwanditsi n'ubwiza maze ahita yemerwa ku ruhare nyamukuru.
Kubera inkunga ya Patron, Mare yahindutse umukinnyi uzwi. Cocteo yeguriwe ibisigo bitoroshye, amashusho ashushanyije, agira uruhare mubikorwa bye na firime.
Umwanditsi yari umusinzi wa opium, mu rubyiruko rwe yanyweye imiyoboro itatu n'iyi ngingo. Numvise Umugatolika wemeza.
Urupfu
Jean Cockt yapfuye azize indwara y'umutima hagati mu gihe cy'izuba ryo mu 1963. Nashyinguye umwanditsi n'Umuyobozi muri Chapel ya Saint-Blanze de Symple muri Miyi La ibiryo.Mu rupfu, Jean yiteguye neza: Frescos yihariye, yashyizwe hafi y'isanduku, ihitamo Epitaph - "Ndagumana nawe." Imiterere yamagambo agaragaza ukwemera kwe: Kokto yizeraga ko yabayeho kwisi inshuro nyinshi kandi nyuma y'urupfu rwose aragaruka.
Mu Gushyingo 2011, inzu ndangamurage muri Memon yafunguye icyubahiro Jean.
Bibliografiya
- 1918 - "Isake na Harlequin"
- 1919 - "Potomac"
- 1923 - "ITEGEKO RYA TOM"
- 1926 - "Hamagara gahunda"
- 1929 - "Abana Bateye ubwoba"
- 1935 - "Ishyirwaho-Kwibuka"
- 1962 - "Requiem"