Ubuzima
Tugarutse mu myaka ya 60 yo mu kinyejana gishize, VULF yasobanuriye imirimo ya Virginia muri Virijiniya, uyu mugore. Yagaragaje ko yari umukobwa wo kunegura kwamamaye kandi umugore w'umunyamakuru w'icyongereza, umunyamakuru. Gusa nyuma yaje kumenya impano numusanzu munini mubitabo. Wolfe - Freetiste, imwe mu rufatiro rwa "Prose y'abagore", ibitabo n'inkuru batsinze imiterere idasanzwe n'umukino uvansiya.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Virginia yavukiye mu muryango wa Aristoni. Padiri Leslie Sitefano yari kunegura ubuvanganzo bw'ubuvanganzo, kandi mama Julia Dadurty yakoraga nk'umuntu wa Simulator, uzwi ku izina rya ari. Inyuma y'ibitugu by'ababyeyi byari bimaze gushyingirwa, bombi bapfaga bombi. Leslie yazanye umukobwa, na Julia bana batatu. Abara abazutse hamwe mumuryango mushya.
Virginia ni umukobwa usanzwe Sitefano na Dakort, yari afite abavandimwe babiri bafite imyaka ibiri na mukuru. Umutware w'umuryango, kubera umwuga we, yari inshuti n'abahagarariye uruziga rw'ubuvangazi, abanditsi, abafilozofe, abasivisoni bakunze kuguma mu nzu.
Kurugero, Henry James na George Henry Lewis bareba urumuri. Kumenya kwa hafi byagize ingaruka ku bazungura. Byongeye kandi, hari isomero rinini mu kugera ku buntu. Umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yari azi icyongereza neza, yize inyigisho z'Abagereki.
Ariko, kubaragura neza neza neza ntabwo byari ukundi gupfunyika. Nk'uko ba biomuplors babitangaza, Virginia Ntoya, hamwe na mushiki we, yakorewe ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina n'abakuru bakuru baturutse ku bashakanye ba nyina. Gutinya urukundo rwumubirinagana numugore ubuzima bwe bwose.
Iyo umukobwa yari afite imyaka 13, umusozi wabaye mu muryango - mama yarapfuye. Ibirori byaje gukubita, Virginia yarokotse guhungabana ubwoba. Mu minsi ya vuba nategereje ibyago bya vintage byose: Umuvandimwe ukunda Toby na mukuru wapfuye apfuye muri Tifi, hanyuma umutware wumuryango.
Isano na Se yayobowe cyane n'isi y'imbere ya Virginie. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo bashakanye, Leslie yagiye ahindukira buhoro buhoro kwikuramo, akora ifu y'ifu idashoboka. Igihe yapfaga, bene wabo barimo bapimye cyane, ariko Virginia yaguye mu bwihebe ndetse ihitana mu bitaro bya psycliatric.
Ntiyigeze abona umudendezo wa se: guhora akorana na we ibiganiro n'imbere, aregwa ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe, byabonetse gutsindishirizwa. Bimaze kurabura ubuzima bwanditse muri Diary:
"Nkiri umwana, ndamuciriye urubanza, nk'umukecuru w'imyaka 58 - Ndabyumva, ni ukuvuga, ndashaka kuvuga - Ndamufata. Birashoboka ko amaso yombi arukuri? "Hamwe n'amahame ya Feminism, umwanditsi yahuye n'ubusore bwe ubwo yigaga mu masomo ya King College. Hano iherezo ryaryo ryazanye abagore bafite ivugurura muri kiriya gihe hamwe n'ibitekerezo - Clara Pater, Lilian Feritfull, Georgina Warr.
Nyuma gato, se nyuma y'urupfu rwa se, inzu ye bwite yahindutse uruziga rw'abanyabwenge. Hamwe na mushiki wa Vanessa Bell na murumuna wa Adiriya bagurishije inzu y'ababyeyi, kugura amazu mu gace ka bohemiya ka bloosbury. Hano, abahanzi bakiri bato n'abanditsi batangiye gukusanya, societe yakiriye ibyamamare nk "uruziga rwuzuye".
Ubuvanganzo
Ubuzima bwo guhanga bwumwanditsi bwatangiye mu 1905. Impanuro nkumwanditsi wo gusubiramo kubikorwa byubuvanganzo byabagizemo ubuvanganzo ningingo ziri mu kinyamakuru "Ibihe". Igitabo cya mbere cyabonye urumuri mu 1915 - igitabo "ku nyanja kure" cyasohotse. Nyuma yimyaka icumi, kimwe mubikorwa byingenzi bya Virginia Wolfe Madamu DUMIRAVER, uvuga umunsi umwe wumudamu wisi. Hagati yumugambi - inkuru yurukundo, ntabwo isi cyangwa intambara itari ngombwa.
Ongera utekereze umubano mu muryango wawe. Umugore yafashe igitabo "kuri Mayak" (1927). Igitabo cyagaragaye abantu babyaranye na nyina. Wolfe ntabwo yamenetse uburakari gusa kubitugiki cyumutwe wumuryango. Hano nakuze ibibazo byubusumbane mu burezi bw'abahungu n'abakobwa. Ikigaragara ni uko Virginia itaguhaye ikiruhuko ku cyemezo cy'ababyeyi kwigisha abahungu muri kaminuza ya Cambridge, mu gihe abakobwa banyuzwe n'imirimo y'abarimu batumiwe ndetse n'amasomo y'igihe gito muri kaminuza.
Kutitorohera kandi byagaragaye kandi mu nyandiko nyuma ya nyuma "icyumba cyacyo" na "Gineya itatu", yashyizwe mu murage wa zahabu w'abanenga b'umunebwe. Icyaha cy'intambara kandi mu kuba abantu bakura abagome kandi bafite impuhwe, wolfe yabonye abakurambere wa sosiyete.
Ikindi gikorwa gikomeye cyubuvanganzo kizwiho kubanyagatatu "orlando", kubice byimpamvu, umwanditsi yatije ubuzima bwumukunzi wa Vita Sauquil-West. Uyu mugambi urambuye imyaka 350, guhera mu bihe bya Elizabeti I kandi ndangirira igihe cyo kumurikirwa. Umusore witwa Orlando afite umwanya wo gukundana, gutenguha ibyiyumvo, hindukirira umugore ndetse no kuba nyina. Akazi katandukanye numukino mwiza wubuvanganzo watekerejwe nkibisobanuro byurukundo kuri Vita.
Mu ntangiriro za 30, ajuririra mu bwoko bw'Ubongereza mu gitabo cy'ibigeragezo. Kuva munsi y'ibaba ye, "imiraba", igizwe nimikino icyenda. Yanditse inkuru - "umutako na Duchess", "inzu hamwe n'abazimu" n'abandi. Gukoresha imvugo ngereranyo, imvugo isobanutse - ntabwo ari yo yonyine, aho abasomyi bahita bakundana nakazi k'umwanditsi. Umugore yakuyeho ibyabaye inyuma, ayobora imitekerereze yabantu. Ibi biragufasha kwibiza mubitekerezo byintwari, wumve imyumvire yabo kubibaho.
Virginia yayoboye inyandiko za Diary. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, umugabo yahinduye ikaye, asiga ibice bike cyane byo guhanga. Nubwo bimeze bityo, mubikorwa, hamwe nibisobanuro byibyabaye nabantu, hari impamvu yimpaka zijyanye ninkuru zabo, ibitabo n'ingingo. Umucyo wabonye byinshi byigitabo "Umwanditsi Diary".
Imirimo yose y'abagore yasohotse mu nzu yo gusohora "Hogarth", we n'umugabo we bafunguye mu 1917. Imirimo n'abandi banditsi bacapwe hano, ni irihe Virginia yandikaga yigenga kandi bihinduka.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1912, umukobwa yashakanye n'umunyamuryango wa Bloomsbury Mug, umwanditsi n'umunyamakuru Leonard impyisi, uwo yabayemo kugeza iminsi irangiye. Ubuzima bwumuryango bwabanje bwaragoye - Virginia ntishobora gutsinda ubwoba bwo kwimana. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uwo mwashakanye yaje, urukundo rw'umwe rusange.
Leonard yafashe umugore we, ashyigikira byose. Ubukwe bwahindutse ubumwe bwubwenge bushingiye kuyubahaga. Wolfe yakoze ibintu byiza kugirango Virginia yashoboraga kwandika hamwe.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mubuzima bwite bw'umwanditsi habaye umwanya mu byiyumvo byo kubaza abashakashatsi bagize akamaro mu bintu bishimishije bya biografiya. Iyo Virginia yari afite imyaka 40, Aristocrat ya Vita Skvil-Iburengerazuba yaramukunda. Umubano watangije imyaka itanu. Uwo mwashakanye ntiyanze iyi mibanire y'urukundo, cyane cyane igitabo cyagenze gusa kunguka gusa - mu myaka y'inama n'inama n'inama zimpindura muri Viriginiya.
Urupfu
Wolfe yahuye n'indwara yo mu mutwe, akenshi yakubise ivuriro ryo kuvurwa. Mu myaka yashize, indwara iratera imbere, ihatirwa ikaramu igihe gito. Itegereze uko ibintu byatangiye intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose. Umwanditsi yatinyaga ko abafashiste bagera mu Bwongereza, kuko icyo gihe, Abayahudi musha bari gutegereza iherezo riteye ubwoba. Umugore yemeye na Leonardo: Ku bijyanye n'umudage umwuga w'abadage bombi bazemeza ubuzima bwo kwiyahura.
1941 Virginia yahuye muburyo buteye ubwoba. Ntiyigeze yiyandikisha ku kubabara umutwe, ijwi ryarushijeho gusobanuka, umugore yararakaye kandi ntaho abaganga babo bakomokaga mu maboko yabo. Nk'uko byatangajwe n'abaganga n'abaganga, Wolfe yahuye na mischose ya Manico-depression. Indi mpamvu itera indwara yitwa ikibyimba mu bwonko.
Mu mpeshyi ya Virginia yanditse ibaruwa yo gusezera, aho yasabye imbabazi kandi asobanura ko atagishoboye kwiyibaza ndetse na we. Ku ya 28 Werurwe 1941, umwanditsi yarohamye mu ruzi rwa Oyuz.
Bibliografiya
- 1915 - "Mu nyanja kure"
- 1919 - "Umunsi n'ijoro"
- 1925 - Madamu DUMBUWE
- 1927 - "Ku mucyo"
- 1928 - "ORLANDO"
- 1931 - "Umuhengeri"
- 1933 - "Flash"
- 1937 - "Imyaka"
- 1941 - "Hagati y'ibyakozwe"