Ubuzima
Areta Louise Franklin numuririmbyi wumunyamerika wakoze indirimbo mumirongo yinjyana-iherezo-blues, ubugingo nubutumwa bwiza. Kubisobanuro bikomeye kandi byoroshye, Umwamikazi wubugingo yarahinduwe, cyangwa umudamu. Mu ntsinzi ye, nta kintu na kimwe yahaye Freddie Merkuri, cyangwa Whitney Houston: mu 1987, Areta abaye umugore wa mbere, izina rye ryashyizwe ku rugamba rw'icyubahiro no kuzunguruka, kandi mu 2008 iki kinyamakuru kizunguruka ibuye cyamuhamagaye umuririmbyi ukomeye mu mateka.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Areta Franklin yavutse ku ya 25 Werurwe 1942 i Memphis, muri Tennesse, mu muryango w'umupadiri n'umuforomo. Se Clairens yari umuvugizi mwiza, kandi nyoko wa Barbara ni umugore mwiza kandi wuje urukundo, ariko umubano wumuryango ntiwagize. Ababyeyi bafashwe bahoraga batongana, kandi amaherezo umukobwa yari afite imyaka itandatu, yarahukanye. Hanyuma umuryango wa Franklin wabaga i Detroit, Michigan. Barbara yakwifuzaga kuguma mu mujyi wabaye, Barbara yajugunye abakobwa babiri n'abahungu batatu ku mugabo we agava i New York.
Mu myaka 10, umurashi muto yahishuye impano yo kuririmba. Se, abonye ibi, yazanye umukobwa muri korari yitorero. Izindi jwi ry'abana ridahambiriye gukurura abantu mu mujyi wose. Claire yari umutware w'ubucuruzi bwe asoma inyigisho zaciwe, ariko bavuze ko isaro ry'itorero ry'Itorero ry'Abatiza rya Beteli - Areta.
Mu 1956, Franklin yakorewe imbere y'abaparuwasi ibihumbi 4 4.5 "NYAGASANI Nshuti". Noneho yari afite imyaka 14. Ubutumwa Bwiza bwatunguwe kandi bukubita Recoard Records, maze ahitamo guha umukobwa amahirwe yo kwandika alubumu ya mbere. Yabonye izina ryindirimbo zo kwizera.
Isahani yanditswe mugihe cyo kuvuga korari yitorero. Harimo ibihimbano icyenda. Nyuma, iyi alubumu yasubiwemo inshuro nyinshi. Hamwe niyi nyandiko, umwuga w'ejo hazaza harazamutse, ariko umusore Arette yazanye amakuru yo murugo - aratwite. Afite imyaka 17, yari amaze kubyara abahungu babiri ategereza gatatu. Mu 1959, Franklin yahisemo ko atazavunja impano ku buzima bwa nyina umwe. Yasize abana yita kuri se ajya gutsinda New York.
Umuziki
Kwimukira muri "Big Apple Apple", Areta Franklin yahise afata uru rubanza - yohereje demo Record roho yubugingo bwa Aretha Franklin (kundirimbo studio yo kwizera) mubigo byinshi. Ibirango byose byakomeje kwishimira ijwi rye rikomeye, ariko ibyifuzo byakiriwe na bitatu gusa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Areta yahisemo gushyigikira inyandiko za Columbia, aho John Hammand yakoze, producer wahaye Bobou Dilan, Bruce Amasoko, Ibiruhuko Billy hamwe nabandi.
Guhitamo, uko igihe cyagaragaye, nticyatsinze neza: Yego, inyandiko za Columbiya zatumye uburenganzira bwo kudoda umuririmbyi ukiri muto, ariko ntibazi guta agaciro neza. Aho kwemerera umukobwa wenyine guhitamo uburyo, abakora babonye imiterere yumuririmbyi wa pop.
Ubwanyuma, alubumu icumi zanditse mugihe kuva 1960 kugeza 1966, abanegura umuziki bita byumye, kandi indirimbo zari zambaye. Ntibakomeje kuba batamenyekanye mu mbonerahamwe, ariko batandukanijwe no kuzenguruka cyane.
Bizwi cyane ni isahani itazibagirana - icyubahiro cyeguriwe umuririmbyi ukundwa arset Dina Washington. Rimwe mu kiganiro, Franklin yavuze:
"Ku nshuro ya mbere numvise Dina nkiri umwana. Ntabwo nigeze mbonana nawe, nubwo we na papa bari inshuti nziza. Nahoraga nifuza kwandika ikintu mucyubahiro cye. Ntabwo nagerageje kwigana Manera idasanzwe, naririmbaga indirimbo ze uko umutima wanjye wigeze wumva. "Mu 1966, amasezerano na Columbiya yanditse, hanyuma aba prouse ya label atlantic inyandiko ya Jerry Wesler yashutse Aretu Franklin kuri we. Kubera ubushishozi bwe, umuririmbyi yatangiye kongera gusohoza ubugingo.
Wesler yashyize ibyiringiro bikomeye kuri inyenyeri ikiri nto, iteganya kwandika inyandiko nyinshi za Blues muri studio ya emsorurium. Umuheto wuzuye amajwi yasabwe kuzuza umuziki wa Eric Clapton, Adne Alman na Kissey Houston. Ariko, ubuzima bwongeye gufata umwanzuro ukundi.
Muri kimwe mu biganiro bya studio, icyo gihe uwo bashakanye Franklin n'igihe gito umuyobozi we Tie yezewe yatangije kurwana n'umuziki. Byatumye Wexler yafunze imbere yizuru ryumuhanzi. Urugi rwa Studio. Ibigize Byonyine Byarangiye - Ntabwo nigeze nkunda umugabo (nkuko ngukunda).
Bukwi na bukwi, yakubiswe umuheto. Byemeje umukobwa muburyo bwose burangiza alubumu. Mu 1967, inyandiko yari yiteguye. Yazamutse ku murongo wa kabiri w'imbonerahamwe y'igihugu maze ayobora urutonde rwa "Umukara" mwiza ". Hanyuma, muri biografiya yUmwamikazi Sokula Hariho intambwe.
Kuva mu 1966 kugeza 1970, yaremye andi masahani, harimo n'ubugingo icumi mu 1968. Nyuma, mu 2003, ikinyamakuru cyamabuye kizunguruka cyashyize iyi alubumu kumwanya wa 84 kurutonde rwa "Alubumu 500 akomeye ibihe byose."
Hitch hit ni ibigize icyubahiro, uwambere ukora yari Otis Redding. Indirimbo yabaye indirimbo idasanzwe yumutwe wumugore, kandi arette ubwayo - isura yabagore b'abirabura. Kandi, ibihimbano byazanye ibihembo bya mbere bya Franklin - kubinjira byiza no kumajwi meza yumugore muri injyana yinjyana-n-blues.
Inyuma yiyikwatu rikurikira igabanuka, mu izina rya 70 rya Archer Franklin kandi ritagaragara rigaragara mu mbonerahamwe. Mu 1984, se w'umuhanzi apfa mu 1984, inzira yo gushyingirwa irarangiye n'umugabo wa kabiri hamwe na permann ya Minlin, amaherezo amaherezo igabanya amaboko.
Uruziga rwo gutabara ruhinduka kurasa muri firime "Blues", ishusho yabagabo babyutsa itsinda rya kera ryabururu kugirango babone amafaranga y'agakiza k'ibigo by'imfubyi, aho bigeze gucika intege. Hamwe na Arset kumurongo, Ray Charles aragaragara, Yakobo Brown nabandi. Franklin yerekana umukinnyi mwiza, kandi mu 1998 yakuweho mu gukomeza guhuriza hamwe bavandimwe 2000.
Nyuma yigihe, Areta Franklin atakaza inyungu kuri alubumu ya solo kandi ikora iyemerera. Indirimbo rero nari nzi ko utegereje, zanditswe mu 1986, hamwe na George Michael, uzamuka ku murongo wa mbere w'icyatsi kibisi, nyuma y'ibyo gutsinda, Marina Estegani, Marina Cary, Frank Sinatre n'abandi. Muri icyo gihe, ntahwema gutanga ibitaramo, kandi videwo yanditse mu biti ikoresha nk'imitsi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwumuntu bwari bukize - yashakanye kabiri. Mu 1961, mfite imyaka 19, umukobwa azi ko ari umubano na Ted Wat. Babanaga imyaka umunani. Hanyuma umuhanzi aba umugore wa Mlina Turman, mu 1984 ubwo bumwe bw'inzerere yakusanyijwe. Ukuri kwishimishije: Ku munsi w'Imyaka 70 y'umuririmbyi, nashakaga kurongora ku nshuro ya gatatu, ariko ukwezi mbere yuko ibirori bivuguruza ubukwe.Byongeye kandi, Franklin ni nyina w'abahungu bane. Afite imyaka 14, amaze kurera abana babiri - Clarence na Edward. Mu 1964, Aretha yabyaye umugore wabibye, umuhungu yitwaga Tera Yera JR .. Umwana wa nyuma yagaragaye mu 1970 avuye ku muyobozi wa Ken Canningham. Yahawe izina Kekalf.
Urupfu
Muri 2010, arch Franklin yasuzumwe kanseri, ariko umuririmbyi akomeza kuvuga. Ubushize akora ihindagurika rye ridahungabanye mu gitaramo gishyigikiye urufatiro rwa Elton John kurwanya SIDA muri 2017.
Muri icyo gihe, ifoto yumurashi unaniwe yagaragaye kuri enterineti - yatakaje uburemere na kg 39. Umuhanzi yari arembye cyane kandi asezera kubakunzi be. Abaganga bahanuye impera yumwamikazi wumwamikazi. Umuryango wumuririmbyi wasabye kubisengera, ariko indwara yahindutse gukomera.
Areta Franklin yapfuye ku ya 16 Kanama 2018. Yari afite imyaka 76.
Discography
- 1956 - Indirimbo zo Kwizera
- 1956 - Ubugingo Bwiza bwa Aretha Franklin
- 1961 - Aretha: Hamwe na Ray Bryant combo
- 1962 - Isoko, kwimuka, swinging Aretha Franklin
- 1963 - Aseka hanze
- 1964 - Ntibazibagirana - Gushimira Dina Washington
- 1965 - Yego !!!
- 1966 - Mushikiwabo
- 1967 - Ntabwo nigeze nkunda umuntu nkuko ngukunda
- 1967 - Reba
- 1968 - Umukecuru
- 1969 - Ubugingo '6969
- 1970 - Uyu mukobwa aragukunda
- 1972 - Young, impano & umukara
- 1973 - Hey Noneho Hey (kurundi ruhande rwikirere)
- 1974 - Reka nanjye mubuzima bwawe
- 1975 - Wowe.
- 1978 - Umuriro Ushoborabyose
- 1979 - La Diva
- 1980 - Aretha aririmba Blues
- 1981 - Kunda ibibabaje byose
- 1983 - Kubona neza
- 1984 - Ntuzigere usaza
- 1986 - Aretha.
- 1989 - Binyuze mu muyaga
- 2003 - ndumiwe cyane
- 2008 - Noheri
- 2014 - Aretha Franklin aririmba viza ikomeye diva