Ubuzima
Kwiga inkuru n'umugani dutabarwa na MINEYI DIMIDULUM YISUMBUYE, KANDI PORTRAIT INGINGO ZISHYUMA, KANDI PORTRAIT INGINGO ZISHYUMA MU BIKORWA BITANGAZA N'IBINDI CAMETIQUE. Imirimo y'umwanditsi yasomwe byoroshye kandi yishimye, kuko yatandukanijwe n'amabara yo gusobanura kandi asanzwe, nubwo DITISOVIh yakoresheje cyane imigani n'imigani yakoreshejwe. Ann Anton Chekhov, abo muziranye prosewaire bazira, yashubije kuri mugenzi we:"Amagambo ya nyina nukuri, kandi we ubwe aravuga kandi ntazi abandi."Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Dmitry, wavutse mu Gushyingo 1852, - Umuhungu wa Narkyevich Mint umukobwa wa DYakon Anna Semenovna Steneya. Bamwe mu raporo, umuryango wa Elizabeti, abavandimwe Vladimir na Nikolay bakuriye mu muryango. Mu masoko amwe, byerekana ko Nikolai yari umwana mukuru, kuko yavutse hashize imyaka ibiri.
Se w'umwanditsi yakoraga mu rusengero rwa Nikolsky mu mudugudu wa Vicim, hafi ya Nizhny Tapil ya none, yari igizwe n'abafana basanzwe siyanse muri societe. Mama yigishijwe kubuntu mwishuri rya Noheri ryaho. Kubwana, Dmitry ifite ibintu byiza nibuka gusa bitavuga kumyaka yakuze yumutungo. Yanditse ko adashobora kwibuka akanya kamwe, ababyeyi ntibigera bahanwa kandi nta kintu na kimwe.
Dmitry yagiye ku ishuri kubana b'abakozi bo muri gari ya moshi ya Shaitanisky, bahagarariye ingoma y'inganda zizwi cyane Akinfia Debidov. Ku myaka 12 mu gihe cyo gutsimbataza narkis, yashakaga ko umuhungu ajya iwe, Dima yinjiye mu ishuri ryo mu mwuka i Yekaterinburg. Ariko, imico ikaze yo mu kigo cy'uburezi yatsinze ibi, nta uriya muhungu ufite intege nke, ko yarwaye. Se yazanye umuragwa mu rugo, maze imyaka ibiri, Mamine-Sibakk yishimiraga urugo, gusoma ibitabo, kugenda.
Hanyuma Dmitry yahatiwe gusubira ku ishuri, yimukiye muri Seminari yo mu mwuka yo mu murima. Byabaye ngombwa kubaho intego. Inyigisho z'Itorero, ku bisobanuro bya mine-Siberiya, ntabwo byahaye ibiryo. Gusa wongeyeho - ngaho umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yinjiye mu ruziga rw'abahuguramu bateye imbere bakundaga ibitekerezo bya Nikolai Chernshevsky, Alexander Herzen na Nikolai Dobrolubov.
Umusore yihuta ashakisha umuhamagaro we. Yagiye i St. Petersburg, yinjira mu ishami rishinzwe kuvura amatungo yo mu ishuri ry'ubuvuzi, nyuma yimukiye mu mbabazi rusange. Icyiciro gikurikira cy'uburezi cyari Kaminuza ya St. Petersburg, gutandukanya siyanse karemano, ubwo butegetsi bw'amategeko.
Muri icyo gihe, Dmitry yakoraga nk'inyigisho kandi yashoboye gufasha amafaranga ya murumuna we Vladimir, igihe yigaga i Moscou kaminuza ya Moscou na Debidovsky. Nyuma yaho, murumunawe yabaye umunyamategeko uzwi n'umunyapolitiki. Gutera imbere wenyine ni njyenyine kandi ntabwo byarangije.
Kaminuza ya Mamina Siberiya yagombaga kugenda kubera indwara - umwanditsi ubuzima bwe bwose yarwanaga nigituntu. Dmitry yasubiye muri salmo yo hepfo kubabyeyi be. Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Data, wabaye mu 1878, ku bitugu bye yafashe mu bikubiye mu muryango. Igikibazo kitoroshye cyatumye Mama yimukiye muri Ekaterinburg, aho umugati wonyine wagize akazi.
Ariko, ibyo byitezwe ntibyari bifite ishingiro. Dmitry yanditse cyane, yagerageje ubwoko bw'amateka, igitabo, inyandiko. Yajugunye abamamaji bakoresheje inyandiko ze, ariko aho nahuye no kutitaho ibintu no kwanga. Kuzigama umuryango byari kumenyera ku ya dututsi hamwe n'umugore wa mbere - mu 1881, "mu 1881," mu byaha by'Uburusiya "ku nyandiko y'umwanda" bivuye kuri Moscou ", umukono na D. Sibiryak. Iryo teka rero ryinjiye mu izina rya momin.
Ubuvanganzo
Ikigeragezo cya mbere cy'ibaba muri Dmitry Narcisovich yaguye mu gihe cyo kwiga mu iseminari. Guhanga umwanditsi waje ku bwiza, amateka, abaturage ba Urals, ntabwo bemeye igihe kirekire mu ruziga rw'umurwa mukuru. MANAM-SIBEAR yumvise intara ifite impano.
Gusa nyuma yo gusohoka kw'igitabo cy'amaguru "icyari ku misozi" ku bijyanye n'imbaraga karemano bihindura imibereho isanzwe, bavuga ko umwanditsi, maze Dmitry yaguze inzu ya Mama na mushiki we i YEKA Raporo. Twongeyeho intsinzi y'inkuru "mu bugingo buto", "abashaka", "mu mabuye".
Igihugu cyumvikana ni igitabo "Hanze", aho umwanditsi yavuze ku iterambere ry'imari ya Capitalism, aherekejwe no gusenyuka n'ibitekerezo bishya muri St. Petersburg.
Muri St. Petersburg, abahimbyi ba "bavandimwe" "n" "umutsima". "Zahabu" yasobanuye ibara rya kamere ya Siberiya, ubuzima bw'abashishikazi, ibiranga kamere muntu, bigaragarira kamere muntu, bigaragarira mubwoko bwayo bwose mu ntera y'icyuma gisuzuguritse. Kuba abantu bose batanyura ikigeragezo cyubutunzi, umurimo w "umunezero wo mwishyamba" waganiriye.
Mu 1896, basohotse bafite igitabo cyihariye "Alyonifushy Umugani wa Alyonin", ikimenyetso cy'icyizere no kwizera ibyiza. Umwanditsi yavuze ko ari ubushake bwe, bwanditse abana, kuko ari umunezero mwinshi. Inkuru "Emelya-Umuhigi" na "Zimovier ku munyeshuri" irangwa n'ibihembo. "Umugani w'Intwari w'intwari" utwara imico: Kwizera imbaraga zacyo no gushyigikira abakunzi bazafasha imisozi gusenyuka.
Usibye guteza imbere imyumvire y'abana no kwagura abanyamaguru, umurimo wa Mine-Siberiya wirukanye intego y'umuco kugira ngo umusomyi atekereza ku iherezo ry'intwari.
Umuroma "Privalov Millional" - Isaro yo guhanga. Ibikorwa byakurikiyeho, ukurikije kunegura ubuvanganzo, ntabwo wegeraga iki gitabo mu mbaraga zimbitse kandi z'ubuhanzi z'inkuru. Kandi impinduramatwara y'Uburusiya yashimye icyifuzo cy'umwanditsi gukangura umutimanama mu bakire kandi witondere umwanya w'abantu boroheje bakora.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Hamwe n'umugore wa mbere wa Maria, Yakimovaya umwanditsi wa Alexei yahuye mu 1877 kuri picnic. Umugore yarashatse kandi azura abana 3. Se yagize umwanya wo hejuru mu bigo bya demodov. Umwaka umwe, Maria yasize umugabo we yimukira i Yekaterinburg.
Abashakanye batangiye kubaho mu ishyingiranwa ry'abaturage, kandi bidatinze mu mujyi w'intara wa Dmitiri batwaraga umuryango we. Imbere ya Alekseeva, ntiyabonye umunezero ku giti cye gusa, ahubwo yasanze umujyanama w'umunyabwenge, wizewe mu bibazo byo guhanga n'umwanditsi w'imirimo.
Ariko, mu 1890, ubumwe bwaguye. Dmitry yamanutse afite umukobwa wumufotozi waho Maria Morithica Leritich. Kandi uyu mukunzi na we ntabwo yari afite umudendezo, ariko n'umugabo we, St. Petersburg Umukinnyi Abramov, ntabwo yabayeho. Hanyuma, MAN Mami-Sibiryak Yatanze umugore wa mbere igitabo "Intambwe eshatu" kandi ibumoso kunguka kuri Peterburg.
Umukobwa wo gutandukana ninde, nukuvuga, hafi inshuro 2 kurenza umwanditsi, ntabwo yigeze yakira. Ibyishimo bya Dmitry byamaze umwaka urenga umwaka - mu 1892 Abramov yapfuye, umunsi umwe nyuma yo kuvuka. Umwana yitwaga Elena, kandi se yamwitayeho Altonishka.
Ukuri gushimishije: Mushikiwabo muto wa Mariya, Elizabeti, umugore wa kabiri w'umwanditsi Alexander kupina. Uwo bashakanye wa mbere Maria Karlovna yakuriye mu muryango w'abayobozi bashinzwe umutekano wa St. Getersburg konserwator Karl Davydov. Umupfakazi w'umucuranzi nyuma yacyo yahuriye Lisa w'imyaka 10 na Lena kugeza umwanditsi yakemuye ibibazo byo kwidagadura.
Ku mwana, bitemewe n'amategeko, Dmitry yagombaga "gukina" kumuha izina rye. Uruhushya rwo hejuru rwatanzwe na Minisitiri w'Ubutabera Nikolai Muravyev. Byongeye kandi, umukobwa yahishuye indwara, yita abantu ba "Plysky Mutagatifu Mutagatifu Witt". Urupfu rw'umukunzi we rwahaye umuntu, yikubitahe kwiheba, atangira kunywa, ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura byagaragaye.
Yayoboye kumva ko Lenochka agomba gushyirwa ku birenge. Abakobwa ba Mamini-Sibiryak bahaye uruziga rw '"umugani wa Alyonushkin", bashimangiye gusobanukirwa n'ubwana kandi, nk'uko byanditswe cyane n'urukundo. Ijosi rizwi cyane "ijosi rizwi cyane" ni ishusho yumukobwa muto urwaye wabaye ikigo cyisigara umwanditsi.
Mu 1900, umuhungu w'umupadiri, amaherezo, yinjiraga mu mategeko yose, yabwiye ikamba rya Nanny wa Elena - Olga Franzenu Guvala. Ubutegetsi bwagize uruhare mu gushiraho umukobwa wakira. Umukobwa yashushanyije neza, yakinnye kuri piyano, yanditse ibisigo, yarimo imivugo, yize indimi zamahanga na filozofiya. Kuri 22, Elena yapfuye azize igituntu, mbere y'ibyo, yagize umwanya wo gusura igihugu cya se no gushushanya ubushake, ukurikije imitungo itimukanwa yimuriwe i Yekaterinburg. Mu nzu ya Mamina, umukobwa asabye kurema inzu ndangamurage.
Birasobanutse
Imyaka ya nyuma yubuzima bwa MINE-SIBERIAN yatangiye bigoye. Umwanditsi, wasaga naho wabonye icyubahiro cy'ukuri ku butegetsi ejo, yanga ubukene. Mu 1911, Dmitry yagize ikibazo cy'ubwonko, nyuma yaho yari amugaye igice. Umwaka umwe, Pruurisy yongeye kugaragara. Ibi byose hamwe kandi niyo mpamvu itera urupfu rwumuhanzi wumuririmbyi, nkuko abaregwa banje-Abanyacuberiya bahamagaye, mu Gushyingo 1912.
Dmitry Narcisovich yashyinguwe mu irimbi rya Nikolsky muri Alexandky Lavra. Mu 1914, imva ya Elena Mamina yagaragaye hafi. Mu masuka 1956 y'umwanditsi, Maria Abramova n'umukobwa wabo batowe ku irimbi rya Volkovsky, muri Necropolis z'umuco na siyansi ya "Ubumenyi bwa".
Bibliografiya
- "Amabanga y'ishyamba ryicyatsi"
- "Miliyoni ya Miriyoni"
- "Kuri Shikani"
- "Baska"
- "Umugani wa Alyonushkina"
- "MINING NETST"
- "Hanze"
- "Intambwe eshatu"
- "Zahabu"
- "Umusemuzi ku Bateganya"
- "INKURU"
- "Igicucu cy'abana"
- "Isabukuru y'amavuko"
- "Imisozi ya raspberry"
- "Mu buryo bushya"