Ubuzima
Itsinda ry'Ubwongereza "inkumi y'icyuma" yitwa umwe mu bashinze inzira ya havi. Mu ntangiriro ya za 1980, imirimo y'iri tsinda yatsinze isi yose, kandi ejo hazaza yabaye ibyerekeye abayoboke benshi. Ubu biragoye kwiyumvisha imiterere yisi idafite "Umukobwa wa Irone", ariko abantu bake bamenye ko abacuranzi bahise bahindukira inzira yo guhaza no gutsinda. Kubwamahirwe, ingorane zose zatsinzwe, none Ic Verva (Izina ryitsinda mu Burusiya) rifatwa nkicyubahiro cy'urutare.Amateka yo kurema no guhimba
Ubuzima bw'umukobwa w'icyuma butangirana nizina ryuwashinze kandi umuyobozi uhoraho wa Steve Harris. Duhereye ku basore, Steve yari gitari mu butayu mu matsinda atandukanye ya Rock, na nyuma yigihe, nasanze ashaka gukina umuziki gusa. Mu 1975 Steve Harris yaremye ikipe ye.
Izina "Iron Maiden" - "Iron Verria" - ryaratijwe na Harris kuva muri filime "umuntu mu maske y'icyuma", yakuweho ashingiye ku murimo wa Alexander Duma - muri firime, imbunda y'iyicarubozo yasobanuwe muri ubwo buryo.
Mu rutonde rw'umwimerere rw'abitabiriye itsinda, usibye Steve Paul Dae, Maiter, Dave Sullivan, maze hagira amatsiko y'ingoma. Ibitaramo bya mbere byitsinda riheze ryahaye mumikino yaho.
Umuziki "inkumi y'icyuma" wari utandukanye n'ibisanzwe mu gihe cya Roca: Steve Harris yakunze motif "isoko". Nta makosa akwegereye abumva, bidatinze abacuranzi bari bafite ubwitange bwabafana bwa mbere.
Ibitaramo bya mbere byari kuri "inkumi y'icyuma" hamwe n'ikizamini nyacyo ku mbaraga: Itsinda ryasize umunsi wa Pawulo (Dannis Wilkok waje guhindura indahiro). Byongeye kandi, Guitarist Dave Murray yinjiye muri iyi kipe.
Igihombo gikurikira kuri iyi kipe cyabaye Dave Sullivan na Terry jans, utankwiriye sizers: disikuru zirimo ibikando: disikuru mu makipe na Spub, bitabazaga inyungu nyinshi. Mu mwaka, iryo tsinda ryagize urundi rugero rwo kugenda no gusimburwa, nyamara, imbaraga za Harris n'abacuranzi b'ibyuma basigaye mu ndirimbo "inkumi y'icyuma ubwazo zamenyekanye, kandi abacuranzi ubwabo banze kumenyekana, kandi abacuranzi ubwabo bahinduye indangamuntu.
Usibye gukora ku majwi, Steve Harris hamwe na bagenzi be bitondera ibitekerezo byinshi kandi bigize ibimenyetso biboneka by'ibitaramo: Itsinda ryakoresheje imodoka umwotsi, ndetse n'ahantu hatandukanye. Icyamamare cyane ni mask yikinamico ya Kabuki, igitaramo cyose kimanitse ku rukuta no kumpera gitunguranye gutangira gushakisha indege yamaraso.
Umuziki
Mu kiganiro, Steve Harris yemeye inshuro nyinshi mu makipe yo guhanga "Jetro tull" ibara ry'umuyugubwe, yayoboye Zeppelin, inzabya w'isi cyane yagize ingaruka ku buryo bw'umuziki "inkumi y'icyuma". Ariko, abacuranzi bashoboye kwirinda kuguza mu buryo butaziguye no guteza imbere recetoire yihariye.
Gusimbuza ibihimbano byarakomeje, ariko itsinda ntiribuza inzira yo guha icyubahiro no gutsinda. Isahani yo gukina ikipe yabonye urumuri mu mpeshyi yo mu 1980. Album yitwaga "inkumi y'icyuma" kandi mu minsi ya mbere yo kugurisha yaguye mu mbonerahamwe n'imbonerahamwe nyinshi. Byarahindutse, imyaka myinshi y'amagambo n'ibitaramo ntabwo byabaye impfabusa, kandi abasore bashoboye gutsinda abafana benshi.
Indirimbo ziva muri alubumu ya mbere zahagaritswe muburyo bwa Hevi-cyuma, ariko zivangwa nibihe byangiritse mumashanyarazi. Inyandiko zarangiye kuba injyana - kwigomeka, ndetse n'umurwanyi. Igishushanyo cyisahani yambere cyahindutse umwimerere: Kuruhande rwikirangantego kimaze kumenyera itsinda, ishusho ya Zombie nziza yitwa Eddi-umutwe.
Eddie nyuma yitabiriwe ku gifuniko cya Album "inkumi y'icyuma", kimwe no mu kashe ndetse no kuri stage - wenda abagize itsinda. Abari baretisi ntibashobora gukurura ariko bakurura ibitekerezo kumurimo witsinda, kurema "inkumi yicyuma" igice cyicyubahiro giteye isoni - ibikenewe ku kipe ya rock.
Ako kanya nyuma yo gusohora isahani ya mbere, abacuranzi bagiye mu ruzinduko. Mu mpeshyi, inyoni y'icyuma yakingiwe mu Burayi hafi ya yose, kandi ikaba yarashoboye kwitabira iminsi mikuru nini ya Rock. Uru rugendo rwa mbere rwazanye itsinda n'amarangamutima meza, kandi ni bibi: Ukuri nuko nyuma y'urugendo, itsinda ryavuye mu ruzinduko rwa Gitari Degnis Steve Harris. Umwanya we wafashwe na Adrith Smith.
Mu 1981, alubumu ya kabiri yarasohotse, umwaka wanyuma wa Discography "Umukobwa w'icyuma" yuzuza indi nyandiko. Iyi alubumu ya gatatu yamennye inyandiko zahoze zicuruza ndetse zinjira inshuro icumi za mbere mu Bwongereza, Amerika no mu bindi bihugu. Ibicuruzwa bya alubumu bimaze guhembwa biherekejwe no kuzenguruka.
Icyapa, cyasohotse mu 1984, cyibukwa nabafana b'imizingo ya marine ya kera, ijwi ryayo rimaze iminota 13. Ariko alubumu ikurikira yatejwe 1988, yafunguye urupapuro rushya mumateka yitsinda: Hano abacuranzi bimukiye mu ijwi rya gakondo "biremereye", byoroshye kuva muri clavier na ballads.
Birashimishije kubona indirimbo zakusanyijwe munsi yiyi nyandiko ziziziguye muburyo bumwe kubyerekeye ubuzima bwumwana ushobora guhanura ibizaza. Kuri iki gitekerezo cyabacuranzi bashishikarije imirimo yumwanditsi Ossenton Scott ikarita.
Mu myaka ya za 90, inyandiko yasohotse, yitwa "Nta Isengesho ryo gupfa". Iyi alubumu izwiho ibihimbaza "Zana umukobwa wawe ... ku muco wawe", wasamye nk'amajwi ku rukurikirane rwa gatanu rw'umugani "Ijoro ku muhanda wa Elm." Uyu mwaka na we wazanye igihombo gikurikira: Ibigize "inkumi y'icyuma" byasize Adrian Smith na Bruce Dickinson. Iya mbere ivugwa kubura inyungu muguhanga itsinda, uwa kabiri yahisemo kugerageza umunezero muri soko wenyine.
Mu kuvugurura ibihimbano, Umukobwa w'icyuma yanditse alubumu ikurikira, ariko imiterere yo gushyira mu bikorwa indahiro nshya - Blaise Bailey - yateje ibisubizo bivuguruzanya n'abafana, n'abahurira mu muziki. Byongeye kandi, Steve Harris, wabaye umwanditsi w'ibihimbano benshi, muri ako kanya, yari afite impungenge zo gutandukana n'umugore we, nk'uko abafana babikesheje kugira ingaruka nziza zo kugira ingaruka ku bihimbano. Rero, kubwimpamvu imwe cyangwa indi, alubumu "ikintu", cyasohotse mu 1995, byagaragaye kunanirwa.
Mu 1999, abacuranzi Adrith na Bruce Dickin basubiye mu itsinda, "bahageze" mu rugendo rushya "Umukobwa w'icyuma". Imyaka yakurikiyeho, itsinda ryakoraga ku nyandiko nshya za studio, kandi hejuru yicyegeranyo ya hits nziza. Byongeye kandi, disiki nyinshi zifite ibitaramo by'itsinda ryasohotse.
Bwa mbere mu Burusiya, Umukobwa w'icyuma yageze mu Burusiya mu 2011 mu rwego rwo kuzenguruka ku isi kuzenguruka isi, yateguwe mu gushyigikira alubumu y'izina rimwe. Ikipe yakoreye i Moscou na St. Petersburg, bitera abafana. Birashimishije kubona itsinda rya rock rinini ryemeje uburyo bwa "inkumi y'icyuma", kandi haracyari amakimbirane ku bihimbano by'itsinda ry'Ubwongereza, bivugwa na Valery Kipelov.
"Iron Maiden" ubu
Noneho inkumi y'icyuma ikubiyemo uwashinze, Umukinnyi wa Guitarist na clavier Stevel Steve Harris, Abacuranganya Dave Murray, Abacurekeza Bay, Yanik Smith, Ingoma Bruce Dickin na Drummer Niko McBo McBerayne.
Muri 2018, amafoto abitabiriye amafoto aracyagaragara kuri fagitire yo kwamamaza: Itsinda rikomeje kuzenguruka, nyamuneka ucire abafana kubikorwa bishya hamwe na kera.
Discography
- 1980 - "Umukobwa w'icyuma"
- 1981 - "Abicanyi"
- 1982 - "Umubare w'inyamaswa"
- 1983 - "Igice cy'Umugore"
- 1984 - "Isubumamare"
- 1986 - "Mugihe runaka mugihe"
- 1988 - "Umuhungu wa karindwi w'umuhungu wa karindwi"
- 1990 - "Nta Isengesho ryo gupfa"
- 1992 - "Gutinya Umwijima"
- 1995 - "Ikintu cya X"
- 1998 - "Virtual XI"
- 2000 - IJAMBO RISHYA
- 2003 - "Imbyino y'urupfu"
- 2006 - "ikibazo cy'ubuzima n'urupfu"
- 2010 - "Umupaka wanyuma"
- 2015 - "Igitabo cy'Ubugingo"
Amashusho
- "Guta urukundo"
- "Trooper"
- "Amahirwe y'imyaka"
- "Umugabo Wicker"
- "Ihute cyangwa upfe"
- "Umuvuduko w'urumuri"
- "Kuva hano kugeza ubuziraherezo"