Ubuzima
Philip IV, umwami w'Ubufaransa, yakiriye izina ryiza mukeba kandi ab'igipocortiste n'abanyabwenge bashimangiye umwirondoro w'ishema hamwe n'izuru ryinshi n'amaso maremare. Ariko, imico ikomeye, yubugome yari yihishe kubintu byiza byo mumaso. Iyi mico yemerewe gukora Ubufaransa leta ikomeye.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ku ya 8 Mata. Yabaye uwa kabiri mu bana bane bagaragaye muri ubwo bumwe.
Filipo yiboneye ibintu biteye ubwoba. Mu 1270, igihe umuhungu yari afite imyaka ibiri, sekuru Lymudicks IX Uwera Yapfuye Mugihe cyo kwiyambariza kwambutse. Intebe yarazwe Filipo wa III, n'umuhungu we w'imfura Lyidovik yabaye uwambere ku ntebe y'ubwami. Nyuma y'amezi atanu nyuma ya Isabella Aragonskaya, umwamikazi wa UNAID wo mu Bufaransa, yaguye ku ifarashi apfa apfa hamwe n'umuragwa wa gatanu wasingi. Nyuma yigihe gito, murumuna wa Filipo yapfuye - Robert. Yari afite imyaka itatu gusa.
Muri Filipo bahangayikishijwe, Filipo wa III aba umwami. Umuhango w'imihango wabaye ku ya 15 Kanama 1271, nyuma y'iminsi itandatu arongora umukobwa wa Duke wa Brabant Mariya.
Muri Gicurasi 1276, umuragwa wambere wintebe yubufaransa, mukuru mukuru Philip IV Louis. Gukeka ko urupfu rwe rwaguye ku bashakanye Mariya. Nubwo umugozi utagira ingano w'impfu, na murumuna we mushya Charles babayeho kunyeganyega, ahubwo yazamuye mu bwigenge.
Ku ya 16 Kanama 1284, Filipo yafashe umwamikazi wo munzu ya changozi - Zhanna Navar. Ubukwe bwahindutse inyungu: Yemereye IV Champagne yo kwizirika ku bihugu bwite Filipi, naho muri Leta zunze ubufaransa na Navarour.
1285 babaye imbaho umwami w'Ubufaransa. Ingabo zatsinzwe n'Umwami Aragon, Pedro III, kandi yanduye dysenter. FIGHIGII III yapfuye azize indwara imwe. Uburenganzira bwo kuzungura intebe yagiye mu myaka 17 n'umugore we Zhanna. Kwimana byabereye i Saint-Denis Abbey.
Politiki yo mu rugo
Ikintu cya mbere FIPOS yari cyiza, kigiye ku ntebe y'umwami w'Ubufaransa, - yasibye ibibazo by'abajyanama bose ba se kandi igashyiraho inkomoko ya Danincacial ku mbaga yabo. Ibi bikorwa byararakaye umuryango wikizana, kandi imvururu zerekeza mu gihugu.
Kugira ngo wirinde intambara zo mu maraso, Filipo yarenze kuri gahunda ya Leta. Yagaruyeho ingaruka za sosiyete sivile hamwe n'itorero ku butegetsi bw'umwami kandi bushyiraho Ikigega (Icyumba cy'inkuru), Inteko ishinga amategeko ya Paris n'Urukiko rw'Ikirenga - ingendo ndende z'Ubufaransa.
Impinduka zagize ingaruka kuri sisitemu yimisoro. Imisoro ku butaka, umutungo, ubucuruzi n'inzu yo kwishyurwa ku mucapa byongerewe, divayi n'ingano byatangijwe. Kimwe mu masoko ahamye yinjiza arumiwe n'Abayahudi, maze mu 1306 Filipo Krasivaya ari mu ntambwe ikomeye: Yafashe umutungo wose w'iri gihugu, hanyuma abirukana mu gihugu. Tumaze kugenda Abayahudi, Leta ya Leta yatangiye kuba irimo ubusa, kandi bemerewe gusubira inyuma. Kwirukanwa gutya byasubiwemo mugihe cya Filipo nubaka inshuro zirenze imwe.
Umwami w'Ubufaransa yagerageje kumenyekanisha umusoro wa leta ku itorero. Kuri ubu butaka harimo kugongana na Filipo na Papa Romanifacim VIII. Mu mwaka wa 1296, Papa yasohoye Bulla, abuza abami kwibwira itorero rishingiye ku misoro, no guhagararira abayobozi b'amadini - kubaha agaciro kwa papa. Mu gusubiza iki gipimo, Filipo yahagaritse zahabu na feza mu Bufaransa. Ibi byakubise inkoni ya boniface VIII, kandi yahemukiye umwami Anathema. Na we, ntiyita ku muvumo wa Papa - gushyira hamwe n'Ubufaransa byageze ku buryo nk'ubwo umutegetsi atashoboraga gusuzumwa n'itorero.
Amakimbirane yasubiwemo muri 1301. Hanyuma Boniface yavuze ko Leta yonyine ari yo ifatwa nk'igenga ububasha bw'itorero. Filipo anyurwa na papa. Yafashwe ashimishwa, hanyuma abohore, ariko ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw'umutegetsi w'itorero bukangizwa n'ibyangiritse: ararasa arapfa. Aho kugira ngo amavuta, papasi ifata clement v, Umuzahabu wo mu Bufaransa.
Mu 1307, Filipo kandi yatangiye kurwanya templars, wateguye umugambi wo kurwanya abanyamahayiko w'Ubufaransa, Espanye n'Ubutaliyani. Iperereza, ryateguwe na Roma, ryemeje ko abaturage bahawe uruhara ruboneka mu nzego zose. Bahinduye imisoro, ibiciro byiyongereye, bishora mu bitekerezo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abanyamuryango bose batangajwe barafashwe, kandi mu 1311, Clement v yahisemo gusenya. Ku ya 18 Werurwe 1314, shebuja ukomeye wa Jean de Day yiciwe.
Politiki y'Ububanyi n'amahanga
Kimwe n'abamubanjirije, Filipo yashatse gukora akarere k'Ubufaransa, kandi isanduku irakinguye. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, muri biografiya y'umwami nta ntambara nyinshi. Intambara ya mbere yitwaje intwaro ni intambara n'Ubwongereza mu ntara ya Geni muri 1294.
Genie yagiye kubeshya kwa Filipo. Yifashishije amakimbirane y'Icyongereza n'Abafaransa guhamagarira Equard Jye, Umwami w'Ubwongereza. Eduard yasabye kuva muri Geni nk'ingwate igihe cyagenwe kugeza igihe iperereza rizakorwa. Filipo, amaze gushingwa mu Ntara, yatangaje intambara y'Ubwongereza.
Mu 1304, isi yamejwe hagati ya leta, hakurikijwe ingingo zibivuga ko Geni yasubiye mu Bwongereza. Ibitandukanye, impamvu yatumye isi yari ubukwe bwumukobwa wa Filipo Isabella mu gikomangoma Ubwongereza Eduard II.
Mu 1302, Filipo yakoze igitero cy'intwaro kuri Flanders. Igitangaje ni uko abasirikari 2500 n'abasirikare 4000 bavunitse na Flanders. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, Ubufaransa bwatsindiye intsinzi yimihanda afata imigi ya Doue, Lille na Betuun.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Philip Amabwiriza Navarroy n'Ubufaransa, hamwe n'umugore we Zhanna mvuye mu 1285 kugeza 1314. Mu ishyingiranwa ryiza, abana barindwi bavutse, abahungu bane n'abakobwa batatu:
- Margarita (1288). Yashakaga kurongora Fernando IV, umwami Castile na Leon, ariko mu mukobwa 12 wapfuye;
- Louis X yakira (1289). Yasimbuye se ku ntebe y'ubwami mu 1314, maze muri Kamena 1316, nyuma yo kurambirwa kwa tennis, vino y'ubukonje yasinze, yapfuye azize umusonga no kumera.
- Blanca (1290-1294);
- Philip Vreght (1291). Amategeko Ubufaransa na Navroj kuva 1316. Nyuma yimyaka umunani, yapfuye azize indwara nyinshi;
- Isabella (1292). Yashakanye n'umwami Eduard II. Umukobwa warokotse Umukobwa wa Isabella yabaye umwe mu batakatiye ikinyejana cyintambara hagati y'Ubwongereza n'Ubufaransa;
- Karl IV mwiza (1294-1328). Amategeko kuva 1322. Abahungu ba Filipo IV, basize urubyaro;
- Robert (1297-1308).
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo mwashakanye mu 1305, Philip IV ntabwo yarubatse. Bavuga ko adakunda, yakomeje kuba indahemuka kumukunzi we.
Urupfu
Ku kibazo cy'urupfu, umutware mukuru w'icyemezo cya Templar ya Templar, Jean de Day, yahindukiriye Clement V na Filipo mwiza n'umuvumo:
"Ntabwo bizarengana n'umwaka, nk'uko nguhamagaye mu rukiko rw'Imana!".Iterabwoba ryujujwe: Ibyumweru bibiri nyuma yo kwicwa, Clement yarapfuye, no mu Gushyingo byuwo mwaka - Filipo ni mwiza.
Impamvu y'urupfu rw'umwami yari ubwonko bwo mu bwonko. Ibyago byabaye mugihe cyo guhiga. Yashyinguwe muri Saint-Denis Basilika i Paris.
Kwibuka
- Muri "Urwenya rw'imana" Dante yakunze kuvuga kenshi Filipo, amuhamagara "Ubufaransa."
- Igishushanyo cya Philip IV Cyiza cyabaye Hagati mu gitabo cy'Abanyamerika "umwami w'icyuma" cy'umwanditsi Maurice Dron4 (cycle "yavumye abami"). Igitabo kivuga ku muvuko, waguye kuri Filipo n'urubyaro rwe ku ivi rya cumi na gatatu. Igitekerezo gitezimbere ko uyu muvumo wabaye icyateye urupfu rwingoma yo kwivuza. Kuri icyo gitabo, urukurikirane rwa powerume rwakuweho - mu 1972 na 2005. Inshingano za Filipo zakoze Georges Marshal hanyuma urebe Cario. Niba ufashe ifoto yumukinnyi wa kabiri ugagereranywa n'amashusho yumwami wubufaransa, noneho urashobora gutekereza ko ari impanga.
- Inyandiko yiminota itandatu yerekana ubuzima bwa Filipo. Yerekanwa mu 2011 mu myaka "iminsi irindwi y'amateka".
- Umukino w'imyigishiri c'imyizerere y'abanyeshuri kandi ufite igice hamwe n'ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Jean de Day. Filipo hitwa "umwami wo kugurisha w'Ubufaransa."
- Dukurikije ibyabaye muri 2017, urukurikirane "rutondekanye".