Ubuzima
Sandro Botticalli ni uhagarariye indashyikirwa muri Florentine Igishushanyo cyibihe bya Quatusroto. Nyuma y'urupfu, shebuja yagiye kwibagirwa. Yakomeje kugeza hagati ya Xyiro, igihe rusange yongeye kubyuka mubikorwa bye nubuzima. Izina rya Sandro Botticall riza mubitekerezo n'abaturage, kandi inzobere nimwe mubya mbere mugihe cyo kuvuka ubwa kabiri.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ukuri gushimishije ntabwo abantu bose bazi: botticalli ntabwo ari izina nyaryo ryumuhanzi. Mu bwana, izina rye ntiryari Alessandro di Mariano di banny filipei. Ku ya 1 Werurwe 1445, umuhungu muto - Sandro yavukiye mu muryango wa Florentine Kozhevnik Mariano. Usibye we, ababyeyi bari bafite umuhungu we mukuru: Giovanni na Simone witangiye gucuruza, na Antonio, wahisemo ubukorikori bw'imitako.
Nta koroshya ku byerekeye inkomoko y'amazina y'abarangi. Igitekerezo cya mbere gihuza izina rya bottitic hamwe nibikorwa byubucuruzi byabavandimwe bombi bakuru bakuru ("botticalle" basobanura nka barriel). Abashyigikiye undi nyigisho kandi bemeza ko izina ryagiye Sandro kuva umuvandimwe Giovanni, ariko kubera indi mpamvu: yari umuntu wabyibushye. Abandi bashakashatsi bavuga ko amazina mashya yaciwe yerekeza mu kindi muvandimwe - Antonio ("battidello" - "MsterIl Cally").
Mu busore bwe imyaka 2, Sandro yari umunyeshuri ufite umutako. Ariko muri 1462 (cyangwa mu 1464 - Ibitekerezo byabashakashatsi diverge) binjiye mumahugurwa yubuhanzi kuri Fra Filippo. Igihe uwanyuma mu 1467 avuye Florence, Andrea Verroko yabaye umujyanama w'ubwo buryo bw'ejo hazaza. By the way, Leonardo Da Vinci yize ku mahugurwa ya Vercan icyarimwe hamwe na botticalli. Nyuma yimyaka 2, mu 1469, Sandro yatangiye imirimo yigenga.
Gushushanya
Amatariki nyayo yo kwandika ibishushanyo byinshi ntabwo bizwi. Inzobere zagaragaje amatariki y'intangarugero ashingiye ku isesengura rya stlistic. Umurimo winjiye mu nkuru nk'iwa mbere kandi wuzuye na Brush Bosh Bosh's A's "inzego z'imbaraga." Yanditswe mu 1470, yari agenewe Inzu y'Urukiko rw'ubucuruzi Florentine. Ubu ni imurikagurisha rya UFFIZI RIRERY.
Ibikorwa byambere byigenga byumuhanzi nabyo birimo amashusho menshi ya madonn. Icyamamare kizwi cyane "Madonna Eucharis", cyanditswe ahagana mu 1470. Muri icyo gihe, botticalli hagaragaye amahugurwa yacyo. Mwana w'umujyanama we - Filipito Lippi - aje kuri Sandro hamwe n'umunyeshuri.
Nyuma ya 1470, ibintu bya Masters Styli bigenda bigaragarira: Palette nziza, ihererekanya ryigicucu cyuruhu hamwe nigicucu cyuzuye. Ibyagezweho na bottitli nkumushinga nubushobozi bwo kubaho no gushushanya ikinamico yumugambi, iha amashusho yo gutanga, ibyiyumvo no kugenda. Ibi byagaragaye mu ntangiriro (1470-1472) Diptonja kubyerekeye Isezerano rya Kera feat ya Yudita, igitero cya Ashuri cyaciwe intege.
Ishusho yambere yumubiri wambaye ubusa kuri botticalli nishusho "umusaza sebastian". Ku munsi w'Abashinzwe umumaritiri, ku ya 20 Mutarama, 1474, rwahagarariwe n'abaturage bo mu mujyi. Canvac canvas yashyizwe ku nkingi y'itorero rya Santa Maria Maggiore.
Hagati ya 1470, Sandro bivuga ubwoko bwa portrait yubuhanzi bwiza. Muri iki gihe, "ishusho yumudayimoni utazwi wa Kozimo Medici yagaragaye." Ninde musore wari uzwiho ku ishusho 1474-1475, ntabwo azwi. Hano hari igitekerezo ko ari ugushushanya kwishushanya. Abashakashatsi bemeza ko icyitegererezo cy'Umuhanzi yakoreye umuvandimwe Antonio, abandi - ko incurane zigaragazwa n'umwanditsi w'umudari cyangwa uhagarariye umuryango wa Medisi.
Hamwe nuyu muryango ukomeye florentine hamwe nibibakikije, umurangi wegereye 70. Ku ya 28 Mutarama, 1475 Juliano Medisi, umuvandimwe w'umutwe wa Repubulika ya Florentine Lorenzo mwiza cyane, yagize uruhare muri iri rushanwa hamwe n'ibipimo by'imitingi ya bottitli. Ahagana ku 1478, umuhanzi yanditswe na Portrait ya Juliano ubwe.
Ku ya Canvas yatewe "umwanditsi", umuryango wa Medisi uri hafi yuzuye hamwe na retinue. Byari igice cya bottitli, ishusho yabo irashobora kugaragara mu mfuruka yiburyo.
Ku ya 26 Mata, 1478 bitewe n'ubugambanyi bwananiranye na Medico, Juliano yariciwe. Ukurikije Lorenzo Lorenzo, Umuhanzi yanditse Fresco hejuru y'amarembo aganisha kuri Palazzo Vecchio. Ishusho y'abagambanyi bahawe akazi, ikorwa na Botticalldi, ntabwo yabayeho imyaka 20. Nyuma yo kwirukanwa muri florence, umunyamahirwe muto Piro Medici yarimbuwe.
Mu mpera za 1470, irangi ryamamaye hanze ya Tuscany. Papa sikst IV yifuje kubona Sandro kumutwe wishushanya inkuta za shapel nshya yubatswe. Mu 1481, Botticalli yageze i Roma kandi hamwe nabandi bahanzi batangira akazi kuri frescoes. Gukaraba kwe ni ibya bitatu, harimo "ibishuko bya Kristo", hamwe nishusho 11 za papa. Nyuma yimyaka 30, igisenge cya chapel ya Sicstinian izakoresha Michelangelo, kandi bizamenyekana kwisi yose.
Nyuma yo kuva muri Vatikani, mu gice cya mbere cya 1480, Botticalli atera icyuma gikomeye. Bahumekewe n'umuco wa kera na filozofiya y'abantu, abayoboke ba NeoPlatism, uwo muhanzi yabaye hafi muri kiriya gihe. Isoko, ryanditswe mu 1482, nigikorwa cyamayobera cyumwanditsi, kikaba kidafite ibisobanuro bisobanutse. Byemezwa ko umuhanzi yaremye ishusho, yahumekewe nigisigo "kumiterere yibintu" Lucretia, aribyo igice:
"Ayo ni isoko, na Venusi baragenda, na Venus amababa
Bulletin iri imbere, kandi, Marshmallow, imbere yabo
Kugenda nyina w'ikoranabutaka, indabyo mu nzira ziratatanye,
Irangi ryuzuza ibintu byose hamwe numunuko uryoshye ...
Umuyaga, imana, wiruke imbere yawe; Hamwe no kugereranya
Ibicu biva mwijuru, isi-idini
Itapi y'indanga y'icyuma, kunyura mu nyanja imwe,
Kandi ijosi ry'uruguru rimurika urumuri rw'umwuzure "
Iyi shusho, kimwe n'amasaro abiri y'iki gihe, Pallada na Centaur Canvas n'abavuka rya Venus, batunze Lorenzo di Pierzzo Di Pierfrantic Medico, umutware wa Duke Florence. Gutanga ibiranga izi mirimo itatu, abashakashatsi bakoresheje abaririmbyi n'imirongo ya pulasitike, umututsi w'ibara, kumva injyana n'ubwumvikane, bigaragazwa no kwirinda noget.
Mu mpera za 1470 - hakiri kare 1480s, Botticalli irimo gukora ku bishushanyo bya Dante "urwenya rw'icyubahiro". Duhereye ku gishushanyo cy'ikaramu ku mpu, bake, muri bo - "ikuzimu ikuzimu" zararokotse. Kuva ku bikorwa ku ngingo y'idini y'iki gihe, "Madonna hamwe n'ubwami ku ntebe y'ubwami" (1484), "Itangazo Chestello" (1484-1490), Tdudo "- (1481-1485 na" Madonna hamwe na grenade " (Ok 1487).
Mu 1490-1500, Botticalli yatewe n'inyigisho z'abihaye Imana Mobican Dzhiroilamo Savonarol, wanenze amategeko yigihe narenze ubuzima bwisi. Ubujurire bwinjira mu kwibabaza no kwihana, Sandro yatangiye gukoresha igicucu cyijimye kandi bubujijwe.
Ahantu nyaburanga hamwe nibintu byimbere byazimiye bivuye mu ishusho, bishobora kugaragara kuri "Dante portrait" (hafi ya 1495). Byanditswe ahagana 1490 "Yudita, ava mu ihema rya Olonerna" n "" icyunamo cya Kristo "- kiranga igihe cyakazi cy'abarangi.
Ikirego cya Savonarola muri Yersi no kwicwa mu 1498, ndetse mbere na mbere y'urupfu rwa Lorenzo Medicic kandi yishimye muri politiki yakurikiye muri Tuscany shook. Mysticism na preomy mu guhanga. "Noheri y'amayobera" ya 1500 ni urwibutso nyamukuru rw'iki gihe n'imirimo iheruka y'ingenzi y'umuhanzi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Kubyerekeye ubuzima bwihariye bwa botticalli izi bike. Umuhanzi nta mugore yari afite umugore n'abana. Abashakashatsi benshi bemeza ko Sandro yakundaga Vespucci simonete - ubwiza bwa mbere bwa Florence n'umugore wa Juliano Medico.
Yabaye icyitegererezo kubishushanyo mbonera byinshi. Simonette yapfuye mu 1476 afite imyaka 23.
Urupfu
Mu myaka 4.5 ishize, Botticalli ntabwo yanditse kandi yabayeho mubukene. Umwigisha ukomeye w'imyaka ya Quaterroto yashyinguwe ku irimbi ry'itorero rya Florentine rya Ontisanti ku ya 17 Gicurasi 1510.Akazi
- Nibyo. 1470 - "INGINGO Z'AMAFARANGA"
- Nibyo. 1470 - "NINDE"
- Ok.1470 - "Endonna Eucharis"
- 1474 - "Mutagatifu Sebastian"
- 1474-1475 - "Portrait Yatazwi ifite umudari wa Kozimo Medisi"
- Nibyo. 1475 - "Portrait ya Juliano Medisico"
- 1481-1485 - "Madonna Gushimangira"
- Nibyo. 1482 - "Isoko"
- 1482-1483 - "Pallada na Centaur"
- Nibyo. 1485 - "Venus na Mars"
- Nibyo. 1485 - "Ivuka rya Venus"
- Nibyo. 1487 - "Madonna hamwe na grenade"
- Nibyo. 1490 - "Kohereza Kristo"
- Nibyo. 1495 - "SHODER"
- Nibyo. 1495 - "Portrait ya Dante"
- 1495-1500 - "Yudita, Kuva mu ihema rya Oolferna"
- 1500 - "Noheri y'amayobera"