Ubuzima
Binini bisa nkintera. Aya magambo ya Esenin aranga byimazeyo imyifatire yabasote n'abakomoka kuri William Blake. Mu kinyejana cya 20 gusa, umuhanzi, umusizi n'umuhanga mu bya filozofiya yatsindiye umutwe w'inyuguti idasanzwe y'ubuhanzi bw'icyongereza n'ubuvanganzo. Mu gihe ubuzima bwe, yafatwaga nk'ikidodo.Inkomoko nyamukuru yo guhanga ya Blake yari Bibiliya. Ariko umwanditsi wikigereranyo "umwubatsi munini wisi", wabayeho mugihe cya siyansi yirukanye, ntabwo yakundaga itorero ryayo - amaherezo yashinze imigani yabyo - guhuza amahame yuburezi hamwe na dogma yidini.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Umulayi wa William yavukiye i Londres mu 1757 kandi aba mu murwa mukuru w'Ubwongereza, atabanje kugira ingaruka zo hanze y'ibidukikije - Shebuja yanyuzwe n'ubunararibonye bw'imbere.
Uburyo ubuzima bwe bwashinzwe, William ategekwa ababyeyi batagarukiye abaragwa. Se yagumije iduka muri Souh, aho umwenda wagurishaga. Umubyeyi yareze abana bavutse 7, ariko babiri bapfa bafite abana. Umuryango wicyo gihe wari wize rwose, nubwo mubiranga bimwe. Niba byari bijyanye n'ibitabo - Hanyuma inzu isoma imirimo ya Adamumanuel Swedenborg na Mistic Jacond Beee. Ishyaka ryo gushushanya ryatangiranye n'imyororokere ya Albrecht Dürrengelo na Rafael na Rafael Santi, bahawe mu by'umwihariko ku Mwana.
Ku myaka 10, William yagiye mwishuri ryubuhanzi, hanyuma akora mumahugurwa yo gukurikiza amahugurwa, mugihe yiga uburyo bwo gusaba igishushanyo ku busa bukomeye. Ibishushanyo muri Westminster Abbey harahoraho burundu mu mutima wurugero rw'ejo hazaza gukunda impamvu z'idini no mu cyerekezo cya Gothic.
Mu 1778, Blake yinjiye mu ishuri ry'umwami, ariko ikigo cy'uburezi nticyarangije. Impamvu yari itarangiye nu muhanzi ukiri muto yunganiye abarimu bagaragaza uburyo bwo kwerekana no kwifuza gutwara abanyeshuri murwego rukomeye. Umusore yegereye yari umukera wo kuvuka ubwa kabiri. Nyuma yo kuva kurukuta rwa Academy, William yatangiye kwinjiza mu gukora ibishushanyo ku bindi bishushanyo. Ubu bwoko bwurubuga rwubuhanzi bwatanze imyaka 40 yubuzima.
Mu 1784, amaze kubona umurage nyuma y'urupfu rwa se, William, umuvandimwe Robert na mugenzi wa James Parker yafunguye inzu yo gucapa, yatangaje ibitabo.
Gushushanya
Mu bushake bwiza bwa William Blake, usibye amadini, hakurikiraho gukurura imigani no ku kimenyetso, imbibi. Umuhanzi yakozwe hagati yubutatu bwumutumana wera nubumwe bw'amadini, ibitekerezo n'ubuhanzi: kandi niho, kandi aho, nta gice cya byose.
Gusobanura ubutumwa bwihishe mu gishushanyo, abareba bazasaba ubumenyi bwigihe Umuremyi yabayeho, kandi Ibyanditswe Byera. Ukurikije umugani w'Imana, William yabonye mubana bato. Kubyara, babwirwa abamarayika, bifunga igiti. Nyuma, amajwi yarahujwe. Ahari yasunikwa umukara kubera guhanga icapa kamurikiwe, aho ishusho yari iherekejwe n'imirongo.
Imirimo yumwongereza uzwi cyane irahari kugirango ifumbire yubunini nuburyo, ahantu - ibishushanyo bisobanutse, kurenga ku mategeko yemewe muri rusange yo kubaka ibihimbano. Urugero ni urugero rwo guhishurwa kwa Yohana Bogoslov.
Ibyanditswe byintumwa byasobanuye umubare wa satani 666, abatwara amababi 4 ninyamaswa ya Apocalypse, Bludonike ya Babiloni kandi ukuza kwa kabiri. Ntabwo bitangaje kuba inkuru y'amabara yasunikishije abahanzi benshi binjizwa mu ntwari.
Bleik yerekanye iyerekwa rye. Mu 1805 na 1810, byanditswemo amahitamo 2 kuri "ikiyoka kinini n'umugore n'umugore n'umugore, byambaye ku zuba." Ishusho yambere yabitswe mu kigo cyigihugu i Washington, icya kabiri - mu nzu ndangamurage ya Brooklyn. Muri yombi, umurambo winyamanswa uhita utangaje, ariko imico nyamukuru, niba ukurikiza ibikubiye muri Apocalypse, - Umugore uryamye mugice cyo hepfo ya canvas cyerekana itorero, nuwo - Uwiteka - Uwiteka - Bikira Mariya.
Nk'uko William abivuga, "Umucyo w'isi" wafashije mu kurema ibitotsi Yakobo. Igishushanyo nkuru yishusho "Umunsi wishimye, cyangwa imbyino ya Albor" ni comptine yishusho ya Kristo numugabo wa Vitruviya. Hifashishijwe ibara ry'amazi na wino mu 1805, blake yanditse akazi gatoroshye, hafi ya monochrome "hafi y'abamarayika mu mva." Ati: "Adam atanga amazina y'inyamaswa", yashyizwe mu nzu ndangamurage ya Porolock i Glasgow, yamaze gukorerwa ku kibaho mu kibaho mu buhanga bw'ubushyuhe.
Izina rya kabiri ryamashusho "umwubatsi munini" - "iminsi yashize", yasobanuye Imana mumadini yisi. Umwanditsi yamuhaye izina rya Arizen. Gukwirakwiza ni ikigereranyo cy'igitabo "Uburayi: Ubuhanuzi." Mu migani, Blake Arizen ni utwara ingabo mbi, umukara ashaka gukora ikiremwamuntu kimwe, nyuma ya byose, bipima ikintu gifite umuzenguruko.
Psychoanallststless, urebye canvas "Hekata", reba ko wanze gufata umwanya, urujijo, hamwe namahanga yubuhanzi - kubw'ubupfumu bitangaje mu rugero rw'ibishushanyo 3 aho kuba imigabane gakondo. Kandi ahantu hose ibimenyetso byihishe: Bifatwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'ubwenge, hanyuma - nyuma - ikibi, inzoka, ifite ubumenyi, areba ikigeragezo, ariko akomeza ikigeragezo, ariko akomeza ikiboko kuri Bibiliya.
Ubuvanganzo
Imivugo na prose ya William Blake, dukurikije impuguke nyinshi, nazo ntizikwira mu mategeko muri rusange, iki gihe - elology. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, mu binyejana bibiri, basomaga abafana b'urukundo, bagasenya amagambo, cyane cyane imirongo y'amabara yahindutse aphorirism:"Amayeri - Imbaraga z'Ubugwari" "ku kibazo cyose cyatanzwe hari igisubizo"Bikekwa ko William asobanukiwe no gusobanukirwa kamere muntu yari mbere yigihe cye, kandi, abashakashatsi bakazi rya Blake-Umusizi wanditseho ibiranga psychoanalysis, yahawe isaranganya nyuma yimyaka ijana.
Icyegeranyo cya mbere cy'ibisigo cyitwa "Igishushanyo cy'isi" cyabonye urumuri mu 1783. Noneho indirimbo zo muriyo ari hafi "kandi zitwikiriye umujinya wo kumenya agaciro k'agaciro k '" uburambe bw'indirimbo ". Ibishushanyo by'ibitabo William yashushanyije ku giti cye, kandi ibyo bikorwa byombi - no mu gitabo kimwe, nk'ikimenyetso cya Leta zinyuranye z'ubugingo. Echo mu Gwisuka - umunezero - umunezero "watandukanijwe n'ishusho ya" sore ". Igiti cy'ubupfura", "Umwagazi w'intama" na "Tigr".
"Ubukwe bwa paradizo n'ikuzimu" ni igisubizo cyihariye ku musizi kandi gitekereza John Milton ku bibazo kibajije mu gisigo kivuga kuri Adamu "yatakaje paradizo". Kuri we, William yashyize ahagaragara uruziga rw'inganda ikora. Ubushobozi bwo hejuru, bwihariye mu mugabo, kuri Blake - Ibitekerezo, bitangwa nukuzihiriza.
Iparadizo ivuga ko gushyira mu gaciro no gutumiza. Ikibi kiba imbaraga zihindura isi, kandi nibyiza mubushishozi gakondo byoroshye kandi byoroshye. Ariko yonyine, ntibashobora kubaho, kandi ubumwe bwabo, "ubukwe" butanga imico yo mu mwuka.
Nka Itorero Anglican ibatijwe, Umururumba wa William yarwanyije Imbaraga z'amadini, kwicisha bugufi no kwihana. Ku rundi ruhande, igisigo "ku ntangarure y '" na "ishusho y'Imana" ni indirimbo imbere y'Imana ibaho muri buri muntu, mu bihe bishimishije kandi bibabaje.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mubuzima bwawe bwite bwa William Blake hari gushakisha cyane no guta kuruta guhanga. Hamwe n'umugore wa Catherine Bush, umusizi yateraniye mugihe yiboneye isenyuka ryabanje - umukobwa yanze kurongora. Blake yashakanye natowe muri 1782.
Imbere yuwo mwashakanye, William yungutse inshuti yuje urukundo kandi yizerwa, yunvise ko umugabo we
"Hariho ubutunzi bwa Dum, ishyaka ry'Umwuka, ubwenge busanzwe ... ariko hariho ikirango ku isi."Catherine, utazi no gusinya mu cyemezo cy'ubukwe, uyobowe na William yize gusoma no kwandika, gukora ibishushanyo. Umugore azaba inspiration ya blake mugihe cyo kunanirwa numufasha mubitabo.
Urupfu
Blariam Blake yapfuye muri Kanama 1827 mubukene. Kugeza ku minsi ishize, umuhanzi yakoraga ku gishushanyo ajya ku gisigo "kiva ku Mana Danteligiery. Uyu murimo wigitaliyani watekerezaga mu Butaliyani watanze ibishushanyo 102, ibishushanyo byinshi byabanjirije.
Kimwe na Wolfgang Amadeu Mozar, ubuhungiro bwa nyuma cy'ubwongereza bwabaye imva rusange ku irimbi rya Bunhill i Londres. Nyuma y'intambara ya kabiri y'isi yose, abayobozi bahisemo kumena parike aha hantu. Kubera ko nta muntu wari uzi ku mwanya wo gushyingura, bigarukira gusa ku myanda itazibagirana banditse ko ibisigazwa by Blake n'umugore we biryamye hafi.
Mu kinyejana cya 21, abafana b'uburemure bwa William bamaze imyaka 2 kugirango bashinge ikibanza runaka. Ibitabo bya kera byitorero nubumenyi bwa Disigner Ikibanza Carol Harrido yaje gutabara. Gushakisha buri santimetero, abakunzi babonye ahantu nyayo.
Blakence Blake ya Londres yatangaje icyegeranyo cy'ibihano ku urwo rwego rw'urwibutso, abantu batitaye ku bihumbi bashyizwe ahagaragara ibihumbi 40 no muri Kanama 2018 ibiganiro by'urukundo basanze aho bajyanwaga. Ku mva ya William Blake yashyizeho isahani yera yera n'izina, amatariki y'ubuzima n'urupfu ndetse nanditse: "Umusizi. Amarangi. Umuhanuzi ". Ifoto yibumva yatangajwe.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Mu 1949, abayobozi ba Ositaraliya bashyizeho igihembo cya William Blake ku musanzu we mu buhanzi.
- Nyuma yimyaka myinshi nyuma y'urupfu rwa Blake, Kiliziya Gatolika ya Gnosti yashyize abera, nubwo arwanya idini.
- Mu 1931, kuri stade ya Theatre ya Londres "Vic Kera" yatewe akazi ka ballet: masque yo kubyina, yabanje kuremwa nitsinda ryabanjirije iryo tsinda ryashinzwe rwose. Ballet ishingiye ku gitabo cya Yobu muri Bibiliya kandi yahumekewe n'igitabo cyagenwe cya William Blake, cyasohotse mu 1826.
- Imirongo "Ingwe, Ingwe, gutwika ubwoba, uteye ubwoba mumashyamba yijoro. Ni ayahe maso, urukundo, yateje ubwoba? " Ijwi mu rukurikirane rwa TV "hamwe na Robin Tankni na Simoni Baker.
Amagambo
"Gukwirakwiza ni ubukorikori nize, ntabwo nari nkwiye kandi ngerageza kubaho mu buryo butandukanye. Ijuru ryanjye ni umuringa, n'isi yanjye ni icyuma. ""Ibikorwa byanjye birazwi mu ijuru kuruta ku isi."
Ati: "Ubuzima ni igikorwa kandi kiva mu mubiri, kandi igitekerezo kigizwe n'igikorwa kandi gikora nk'igisige."
"Ntutekereze ko urushaho kugira ubwenge kurusha abandi, nubwo abandi bizera ko bakurusha, kandi muri icyo gihe inyungu zawe hejuru yabo."
"Muguka kubintu bito, ibyago byo gutakaza integer."
Gushushanya
- 1786 - "Oberon, Titania no gupakira hamwe no kubyina impinja
- 1793 - Amarembo ya paradizo. Urukurikirane rw'ibigereranyo ku gisigo "Yatakaje Iparadizo"
- 1794 - "Umunsi cyangwa imbyino byishimo bya Albor"
- 1795 - "Isaac Newton"
- 1805 - "Ikiyoka n'umugore ukomeye Umutuku wambaye izuba"
- 1810 - "Blake Blake"
- 1820 - "Umuzimu wa Flea"
- 1820 - "Izuba Rirakari"
- 1827 - "Antey, Kugabanya Dante na Vergil mu ruzinduko rwa nyuma rw'Ikuzimu"
- 1827 - "Inkubi y'umuhemu"
Bibliografiya
- 1783 - "Ibishushanyo by'imivugo"
- 1789 - "Indirimbo za umwere"
- 1792 - "Indirimbo y'ubwisanzure"
- 1793 - "Ubukwe bwa paradizo n'ikuzimu"
- 1794 - "Indirimbo Zinararibonye"
- 1794 - "Uburayi. Ubuhanuzi "
- 1809 - "Milton"