Ubuzima
"Beatles" ni itsinda ryibintu, bitabayemo umuziki ugezweho watandukana rwose. Buri mucuranzi wa kabiri uyumunsi atangaza ko guhanga "imitini" byamugizeho ingaruka, tutitaye ku gihugu abamo. Kugurisha ibyapa byuzuye, Cassettes na disiki zitsinda barenze kopi miliyari 1. Imiterere ya "Beatles" ntishobora kwitiranywa numuntu uwo ariwe muntu - ntibashobora kumva, ariko ntibishoboka kutamenya.Amateka yo kurema no guhimba
Amateka ya rusange yatangiye mu Bwongereza muri 50, mugihe cyimitwe yisi yose. Umuntu wese byibuze ikintu gito cyo kune na gitari, ingoma cyangwa Banjo, yashakaga kugera ku "bande".
Mu 1956, John Lennon, hamwe n'inshuti z'ishuri, bashizeho itsinda rya kariyera, bakina imyambarire hanyuma bavanze by'urutare rw'umwimerere zifite igihugu cya Amerika na Jazz. Mu ishyaka, John yahuye na Pawulo Mal McCarney kandi ashima uko azi ajyanye na muzika: Igorofa yakinnye neza, yashoboraga kumushiraho kandi yatoye byoroshye ku bihuha.
John ubwe yahise amenya igikoresho gusa kandi azi gufata igare rya gitari gusa ku mugozi wa 4 gusa, nko kuri Banjo, yahise atumira mugenzi mushya mu ikipe ye. Nyuma, inshuti George Harrison yifatanije nabo.
Iyo ishuri ryagumye inyuma kandi rikeneye guhitamo icyo gukora ubutaha, uko ari batatu nta gushidikanya ko yahisemo umuziki. Abitabiriye amahugurwa bemeje ko itsinda rikeneye izina rishya. Amahitamo yanyuzemo cyane ati: "Umukororombya", "Imbwa", "inyenzi" - inyenzi. Ihitamo ryanyuma kandi ushyire izina ryumwimerere.
Hariho umugani wabonye ijambo betles mu nzozi - bivugwa ko umugabo yagaragaye mu muriro kandi ategeka uburyo itsinda rigomba kwitwa. Ukurikije verisiyo yoroshye, ijambo ryatoranijwe kuko hari umuzi wakubise, bisobanura injyana cyangwa ingoma.
Muri Mutarama 1960, Stewart Satcliffe yinjiye mu bacuranzi, wabaye igituba cya Bass ya Bass, nubwo yagombaga kwiga gukina uko ari uko byahinduwe "mu nzira." Muri iki gihe, itsinda ryakoreye muri Liverpool rye kavukire kandi rimwe na rimwe rigizwe n'ubwongereza. Mu cyi cyizuba cya Beatles cyatumiye i Hamburg. Kugira ngo wemere ubutumire kandi ugaragare kuri stage muburyo bwa Classic bit-bande, bagombaga guhita babona ingoma. Babaye Pete beza, ninde mbere yakorewe muri Liverpool ensems trablams.
Urugendo rwa mbere rw'amahanga rwanyuze mu bihe byegereye bikabije: habaye byinshi ku kazi, ubwishyu bwari buke, ibibazo by'ibisabwa byagaragaye, bitewe n'abacuranzi boherejwe mu gihugu. Nubwo bimeze, mu mwaka, mu mwaka wa mbere, babonye ubutumire i Hamburg, barabyemera, kandi iki gihe ibintu byose byaratuje cyane.
Mu Budage, abacuranzi bamenyereye Astrid Kirgerr, umunyeshuri w'ishuri ry'ubuhanzi, wari ufite igitabo hamwe na satcliffe. Niwe wateguye amafoto yambere yabigize umwuga kumatsinda kandi abubahiriza ishusho yumwimerere: imisatsi mishya, aho kuba ikoti ryabanjirije uruhu - ikoti ridafite amakoperamutwe na lact.
Murugo "Beatles" yagaruwe na Quartet: Guitarist Guitarist yahisemo kuguma mu Budage hamwe na Astrid. Ngaho Stewart yamenyekanye nkumuhanzi ufite impano, ariko ubuzima bwe bwo guhanga bwabaye bigufi cyane: kumyaka 21, umusore yapfuye azize Hemori mubwonko.
Imyaka 2 yakurikiyeho, abacuranzi bahoraga bakorerwa mu mujyi wabo wavukiyemo, kuri club ya CAVERN. Mu 1961-1963, bakinnye ibitaramo 262. Kumenyera Itsinda byakuze, nubwo rero indimi zabo zari zitazi cyane mubikorwa bya muzika. Umuhondo w'akanditsi ya Pawulo na Yohana waremye indirimbo nshya, ariko bahitamo kubashyira mumeza, batizeye ko batsinze. Akazi kabonye urumuri gusa iyo bice byungutse producer - Brian Eptaina.
Mbere y'ibyo, Epstayna nta bunararibonye bw'umwuga mu kuzamurwa mu ntera: mbere yo kuziranye n'abacuranzi, yacuruzaga amasahani, ariko guhanga intagero zisa naho bitanga ikizere. Ibirango byinshi by'ishyaka rye ntibyabisangiye, ariko yashoboye kugera ku masezerano na EMI ashikamye afite imiterere yuko abasore bandika byibuze 4 ingaragu.
Lennon yibutse ati: "Yashushanyijehoje cyane ko tugomba gukora, kandi ibyo byasaga naho ari ukuri kuri ibi." - Kugeza ubwo Brian yagaragaye, twabayeho mu nzozi. "
Mbere yo kwandika alubumu ya mbere, ikipe yasize Pete nziza. Urukundo rw'abakobwa n'umunyamuryango bakurura cyane, ntabwo yahanganye nakazi ka Sitidiyo, utari urugero rugoye cyane mu gitaramo, kandi cyahatiwe kuva mu itsinda. Ku ya 16 Kanama 1962, ringo starr yinjiye muri beatles.
Umuziki
Mu 1963, alubumu ya mbere "Beatles" nyamuneka ndakwinginze ndaza. Ibikoresho byakusanyirijwe mu muvuduko uhindagurika kandi ucunga umunsi umwe. Usibye abandi bantu bakubiswe, indirimbo z'umwanditsi wa Lennon na McCartyy barabyinjiramo. Abacuranzi bemeye mbere yuko ibihimbano byamazina yombi byasinya, kandi bigumana iyi nkuru kugeza imperuka, nubwo indirimbo zanyuma zanditswe ukundi.Muri uwo mwaka, ibikubitsi bya Bitlz byuzuyemo alubumu ya kabiri hamwe na beatles, yabaye intangiriro ya Birleyania mu gihugu cy'abacuranzi. Igipimo cy'ibyo akunda, itangazamakuru ritagira ingano "Hysteria y'igihugu" ryagaragaye: disikuru yaje abantu bose, ariko kandi imihanda ikikije iyo yari yiteguye guhagarara hanze yisaha kugirango yumve byibuze Igitaramo kirambuye. Amashyi kandi yishimye rimwe na rimwe aba umuyaga wumucuranzi batigeze bumva ubwabo.
Mu 1964, icyorezo cya Birleania cyafashe Amerika. Imyaka 2 yakurikiyeho, abacuranzi baba bakurikije gahunda barashushanyije muminota: Kuzenguruka, Ibitaramo biva muri studio, abakora kuri cVodio, batangara kuri cinema ntabwo yatangaga akazu gato. Muri kiriya gihe, itsinda rya Rock Rock yo mu Bwongereza ryanditswe muri Liverpool ryanditse alubumu 5 na clips 2 - impapuro z'impapuro n'imvura.
Nubwo gahunda yumusazi, abacuranzi basangaga umwanya wubuzima bwihariye, bagerageza, bahitana abafana. Uwa mbere yashakanye na John Lennon - mu 1962. Umubano wa Julian wavukiyemo vuba aha, yazamutse imyaka 6 aratandukana iyo umucuranzi ahuye nako. Abayapani bidasanzwe bahinduye ubuzima bwose bwa Lennon kandi bakora cyane mu bibazo by'itsinda, aho atigeze yitiranya n'abacuranzi basigaye. Yabaye Lennon we yeguriwe ballad ntundeke.
Ringo Str yinjiye mu ishyingiranwa - hamwe na Maurein Cox Babayeho imyaka 10 kandi babyara abana batatu. George Harrison yashakanye na Patty Boyd mu 1966, ariko mu 1974, uwo mwashakanye yamutumye yerekeza muri Eric Clapton. Paul McCartney mu 1968 yasoje ishyingiranwa na Linda Eastman, aho yabayeho kugeza igihe kirangiye.
Mu 1965, iryo tsinda ryakiriye itegeko ry'ingoma y'Ubwongereza ku musanzu we mu iterambere ry'umuco, wateje amahano akomeye. Mbere, nta mucuranzi wabayeho mu bihembo byinshi, kandi bamwe mu bagizi ba nabi batangaje ko badashaka guhagarara mu "umurongo umwe hamwe n'ibigirwamana bya posita." 4 Nyuma yimyaka 16 Lennon yatangaje ko imyigaragambyo yo kwigaragambya mu Bwongereza mu ntambara ya Biafro-Nijeriya maze agasubiza iryo tegeko.
Firime
Bwa mbere, Liverpool Bane bacutse muri cinema mu 1964. "Ijoro ry'umunsi utoroshye" ryakozwe mu bwoko bwa firime yimikino kandi biterwa mubyumweru 8 gusa. Byakozwe cyane cyane nabacuranzi ntibari bakeneye: Byari firime ivuga ku buzima bwa buri munsi bwitsinda - ibitaramo, abafana, urugendo. Iyi filime yatsinze mu bafana kandi yatowe kuri Oscar kabiri, kandi amajwi yatanze alubumu zitandukanye.
Umwaka utaha, kaseti "kubera gutabara!" Hamwe no kwitabira "ibiti". Mu nyandiko hamwe n'umuziki kuri we, ejo harazwi, ejo yamwinjije, yinjiye mu gitabo cya Guinness Record ukurikije umubare wa gahunda no gusobanura (ibihumbi birenga 2) bizwi muri iki gihe.
Mu 1968, abacuranzi babaye intwari zo mu mazi y'ikarito. Mbere yibi, abitabiriye amatsinda bagerageje kurema sinema yabo, ariko ishusho y'urugendo rw'amayobera rwahawe ahubwo rugereranya umubare muto w'abaturage n'abanenga.
Kubora
Mu 1966, iryo tsinda ryaretse gutanga ibitaramo "KUBAHO" n'umutwe we bijya mu mirimo ya sitidiyo. Umwaka umwe, alubumu ya SGT yavutse. Urubumo rwumutima Wenyine Club, benshi batekereza neza mumateka yitsinda. Hagati aho, umubano w'abacuranzi utanga igikoma. Ibihentaro, birambiwe icyubahiro, byatangaje icyifuzo cyo gukora imishinga bwite.
Mu 1967, Brian Epstein yapfuye azize cyane hamwe nibinini bisinzira. Ntiyashoboye kubona umusimbura wuzuye, ahubwo asenya imbaraga "," Album yera "(1968)," Umuhanda Abbey "(1968) na" 1970), nk kimwe na kimwe giterana (1969).
Bidatinze, alubumu ya mbere wenyine Paul McCartney araza. Mu kiganiro, mubyukuri azana umurongo munsi yamateka ya Beatles. Ifoto yanyuma yitsinda ryabaye ku ya 22 Kanama 1969 kugeza kure y'umutungo wa John Lennon, muri parike ya Titorrst.
Nyuma yo kubora, urukurikirane rw'imibare rwatangiye ku busobanuro, amagambo n'itsinda ry'ikipe, ibisubizo byabyo murusobe biracyasobanura amakuru yo kwivuguruza.
Nyuma yimyaka 10, abacuranzi batangiye gutekereza kubyuka, ariko ntabwo byateganijwe gusohora niyi gahunda. Mu 1980, John Lennon yishwe n'umufana utaringaniye mu mutwe wa Mariko Chapman. Twizere ko iryo tsinda ryapfiriyeho urupfu rwe. Beatles "ikomeye yaje kwinjira kera.
Mu 2001, George Harrison yapfuye azize ikibyimba mu bwonko.
Beatles ubu
Ringo Starr na Paul McCARTY bakomeza kuri stage. Muri Mutarama 2014, bamaze igihembo cy'igihembo cy'icyubahiro cya Grammy kubera uruhare rwabo mu iterambere ry'umuziki w'ikinyejana cya 20.
Umwuga wahoze ari ingoma Pita ntibyari byoroshye. Yahinduye amakipe menshi agerageza kubikora guhora, ariko birananirana.
Mu 1968, yahisemo kwijugunya umuziki yinjira mu mirimo rusange, ariko nyuma yimyaka 20 atangira kugaragara kumugaragaro kandi arema umutwe we pete mande magara, ubu arakora ibitaramo muri Amerika.
Discography
- 1963 - Nyamuneka ndansaba
- 1963 - Hamwe na Beatles
- 1964 - Ijoro ritoroshye
- 1964 - Beatles yo kugurisha
- 1965 - Ubufasha!
- 1965 - Rubber
- 1966 - Revolver
- 1967 - Sgt. Urupapuro rwumutima Wenyine Club
- 1967 - Urugendo rwamayobera
- 1968 - Beatles ("Album Yera")
- 1969 - submarine yumuhondo
- 1969 - Umuhanda Abbey
- 1970 - Reka bibe
Amashusho
- 1963 - Nyamuneka ndansaba
- 1964 - Nari nkwiye kumenya neza
- 1996 - Ndashaka gufata ukuboko kwawe
- 1967 - Lucy mwijuru hamwe na diyama
- 1969 - Ntuntenguhe
- 1969 - Garuka
- 1968 - igitunguru
- 1968 - Bose hamwe ubungubu
- 1968 - Umukecuru Madonna
- 1970 - Umuhanda muremure kandi watsinze
- 1973 - Ugomba guhisha urukundo rwawe